Examples of various population movements

In fact, these migrations cross each other, but they are not equal to each other.

Permanent immigration: immigrants are permanent immigrants.

Seasonal migration: the seasonal movement of seasonal workers is classified as seasonal migration.

Spontaneous migration: out of personal will, such as moving.

Organized Migration: American Westward Movement.

Personal migration: moving.

Collective migration: westward movement.

Voluntary relocation: for example, I bought my own house and moved to a new home happily. Free from interference from environmental and social conditions.

Forced relocation: Rwandan residents had to leave their homes due to war and other factors.

Population migration refers to the phenomenon that people move to another place and change their permanent residence in a certain period of time. People who migrate are called immigrants, and population migration can be divided into international population migration and domestic population migration according to the scope of migration (whether it crosses national boundaries).

International population migration refers to the migration activities of people who cross national boundaries and change their residence within a certain period of time (usually 1 year). International migration has occurred continuously in history, and the biggest one is the climax of migration from the old continent to the new continent since the geographical discovery of15th century. The main directions of modern international immigration are: ① Europe continues to immigrate to the New World; (2) African slaves were forced to sell to America; (3) China, Japanese and Indians began to migrate to Southeast Asia, America and Oceania. After the Second World War, the characteristics of international immigration have changed: the immigration to the new world that lasted for hundreds of years is coming to an end; More and more foreign workers flow from developing countries to developed countries; Due to the frequent outbreak of regional political conflicts, international refugees are constantly emerging.

The characteristics of international population migration: before World War II, a large number of people migrated from the old continent to the new world; After World War II: Short-term Flows from Developing Countries to Developed Countries.

Domestic migration is more frequent and common, and the main forms are: ① border reclamation and migration. Due to the unbalanced economic development between regions, the population in resource-exhausted areas is relatively surplus, and population migration is accompanied by the development of new land. Since modern times, the development of the western United States, Siberia of the Soviet Union and northeast China has attracted a considerable number of immigrants and lasted for a period of time. Due to different national conditions, reclamation and relocation are sometimes carried out spontaneously, and sometimes planned or military reclamation is adopted; ② The rural population is concentrated in cities. This is a more common and important modern domestic migration. Its essence is the transformation from agricultural population to non-agricultural population, which is closely related to industrial agglomeration and the development of commodity economy. /kloc-after the industrial revolution in the 0/8th century, cities in western Europe and North America became the locations of big industries, and a large number of rural people poured into cities. After World War II, the wave of migration to cities swept the world. Developed countries are caused by the reduction of labor required for agricultural modernization, and the development level of rural and urban areas is getting closer and closer; The development of modern cities in developing countries is relatively late, with a large agricultural population and great differences between urban and rural areas, which leads to the increase of unemployment and the deterioration of urban environment.

Characteristics of population migration in China: In ancient times, people moved from places with poor natural conditions to places with good natural conditions, and moved in large numbers; Modern: from the founding of the People's Republic of China to the mid-1980s: planned and organized migration from the east to the northwest and northeast; Post-80s: from the west to the east, from rural to urban, spontaneous migration, a large number.

Economic reasons are the main reasons in population migration, such as getting rid of poverty and unemployment, improving life, or getting rich and seeking career success. In addition, politics, religion, culture, war and famine may also lead to immigration. The direct consequences of population migration are manifested in the different influences on the population, gender and age composition of the emigration place and the immigration place. Generally speaking, there are more men than women, and young people are more than children and the elderly. From the indirect economic and social consequences, the population pressure in the emigration area is reduced, and remittance income may be obtained, but the labor force is reduced, especially the skilled and highly educated labor force moves out, which makes the expenses of raising and education in the emigration area suffer huge losses. For immigrant areas, the increase in population and labor force is economically beneficial, but it may also bring ethnic conflicts or other social problems.