The classical Chinese interpretation of "Book of Rites·Confucianism" says: "A scholar has an acre of palace, a walled room, a door with a gate, a door with an urn and a door, he can change his clothes

The classical Chinese interpretation of "Book of Rites·Confucianism" says: "A scholar has an acre of palace, a walled room, a door with a gate, a door with an urn and a door, he can change his clothes and go out, and he can eat with the sun.

Original text and translation of "Book of Rites, Confucianism, No. 41"

"A Confucian scholar has a palace of one acre, surrounded by rooms, with gates and gates, and households with urns and urns; Yi He takes out his clothes and eats with the sun. He dares not ask questions when he answers, and dare not flatter him when he does not answer. This is what his officials are like ("A Confucian has a house with an acre of land, and lives in a room one foot square with bamboos around it." Weaving the courtyard gate, and digging out a small side door in the shape of a gui in the courtyard wall, the rooms are woven with straw, and the round windows are framed with broken urns. The whole family has a complete coat, and whoever goes out can wear it. If you put it on, you can eat one day's worth of food for two days; if the emperor agrees to adopt his suggestion, he will not dare to have doubts; if the emperor does not agree to his suggestion, he will not dare to flatter and seek advancement. Like this.)

I brought up the paragraph you want.

Gong Ai of Lu asked Confucius: "What do you think of Confucius's uniform?" Confucius asked. Said: "Qiu Shao lived in Lu, and his clothes were all tied together; he lived in Song Dynasty for a long time, and he was crowned Zhangfu. Qiu heard that a gentleman is knowledgeable, and his clothes are from his hometown. Qiu didn't know about Confucian clothes." (Qiu Aigong of Lu asked. Confucius said: "Sir, are you wearing Confucian clothes?" Confucius replied: "Qiu lived in the state of Lu when he was a child, wearing clothes with big sleeves. When he grew up, he lived in the state of Song and wore a Zhangfu crown. Qiu heard that, A gentleman should be knowledgeable and dress according to the customs of the country. "Qiu doesn't know what Confucian clothes are." Duke Ai asked, "I dare to ask about Confucianism." Confucius said, "I can't finish it. All things must be kept, and the servants will not be able to finish them." (Lu Ai Gong said: "I would like to ask about the conduct of Confucian scholars." Confucius replied: "It is impossible to explain everything in this area in a hurry. If you explain it all in detail. He will stay for a long time, and the servants will be tired and need to be replaced, and the story will be endless.")

Ai Gong ordered the banquet. Confucius waited on him and said: "Confucianism has treasures on the table waiting to be hired, people who study hard at night waiting to be questioned, people with loyalty waiting to be promoted, and hard work waiting to be rewarded. This is the self-reliance of Confucianism." Said: "Confucian scholars are like gems on the table, waiting for the princes to use them as betrothal gifts; studying hard in the morning and evening to wait for others to ask; being loyal and trustworthy, waiting for recommendations; doing their best, waiting for admission. This is the self-reliance spirit of Confucian scholars.)

"Confucianism is in the clothes and hats, and moves cautiously. A big concession is like slowness, a small concession is like hypocrisy, a big one is like power, a small one is like shame. It is difficult to advance and easy to retreat. If you are incompetent, Their appearance is like this ("Confucian people are modest in their clothes and cautious in their movements. To give in when faced with big gains is like arrogance, and to be humble in the face of small gains is like hypocrisy; to be cautious in doing big things is like being afraid; to be respectful in small things is like feeling ashamed; they are difficult to be impetuous." Then it is easy to retreat. The appearance of being weak and humble seems to be incompetent. This is the appearance of a Confucian. )

"A Confucian must be respectful when he speaks, and he must be honest in his actions." "Tao Tu does not compete for the benefits of danger, and does not compete for the harmony of yin and yang in winter and summer; he loves his death in order to be prepared, and he is prepared to do something like this. ("Confucian people live solemnly and carefully in their daily lives. They sit down and stand up. They are all respectful, their speech must be trustworthy, and their behavior must be upright and impartial; do not compete with others on the road to find the easy way, and do not compete with others for warmth and cool comfort in winter and summer; cherish life in order to wait for something, and take care of your body. In order to make a difference. This is the preparation for Confucianism before entering politics)

"Confucianism does not treasure gold and jade, but loyalty is its treasure; it does not pray for land, but establishes righteousness as land; it does not pray for accumulation. Rich people think it's easy to get rich, but it's easy to get paid but it's hard to get paid. Isn't it hard to get rich if it's not right? If you work first and then get paid, isn't it easy to get paid? People are like this. ("Confucians do not regard gold and jade as treasures, but regard loyalty as treasure; they do not wish for land, but regard the establishment of morality as land; they do not wish to accumulate more wealth, but regard acquiring more cultural knowledge as a treasure." Wealth; Confucian people are fair and upright, so it is difficult to get it. If you get it, it is easy to grant salary because Confucian people do not fight for material benefits. Although it is easy to give salary to others, Confucian people adhere to principles, so it is difficult to raise them. If Confucian people don't show up at the right time, wouldn't it be wrong? Is it difficult to get it? This is how Confucian people treat others)

"Confucianism treats people with money, floods them with joy, and sees benefits without losing their righteousness; robs them with crowds, and suppresses them." Soldiers do not stop guarding when they see death; birds of prey cannot capture brave men, and heavy cauldrons cannot be used to convey their strength; those who have gone have no regrets, and those who come have no hesitation; no more mistakes are made, and no rumors are spread; they keep their power and do not learn their strategies. There are those who are like this ("To a Confucian, give him money and goods, indulge him in fun and hobbies, the Confucian will not see benefit and harm righteousness; use the crowd to coerce him, use weapons to intimidate him, the Confucian will not face death.") Change your conduct; when attacked by birds of prey and beasts, stand up and fight them, without measuring the success of your bravery; pull the weight and do your best, without measuring the adequacy of personal physical strength; do not regret the opportunities in the past, and do not rejoice at the opportunities that come. ; Don’t say anything wrong again, and don’t bother to get to the bottom of rumors when you hear them; constantly maintain your authority, and don’t study any power strategies. This is how Confucians have a unique identity. )

"Confucianism can be loved but not robbed, can be approached but not forced, can be killed but not humiliated. His residence is not obscene, his food and drink are not filthy; his faults can be subtle but not serious. The number of faces is such.

(“Confucians can be approached but not hijacked, approached but not forced, killed but not insulted; their residences are not extravagant, their diets are not rich, and their faults can be tactfully analyzed but not faced in person. This is the strength and perseverance of Confucianists. )

“Confucianism is loyal and trustworthy, and etiquette and righteousness are regarded as oars. Such is its self-reliance. ("Confucians use loyalty as armor, etiquette as a shield, act with benevolence on their heads, and live with righteousness in their hearts. Even if the country is tyrannical, they will not change what they stand for. This is the self-reliance of Confucians.)

"Confucianism is the same as today's people, and the ancients are the same; if you practice it in this world, it will be regarded as the standard for future generations; when it comes to the world, there is no help from the top, and no push from the bottom. The people are framed, and there are those who are more dangerous than the party. It is dangerous, but ambition cannot be taken away. Although it is dangerous to daily life, we still believe in our ambition and will not forget the illness of the people. His worries are like this. ("Confucians live among modern people and are consistent with the interests of the ancients; the behavior of Confucians in this world can be used as a model for future generations; it happens that they have not encountered the prosperous times, no one above them quotes them, no one below them recommends them, and those who make slanderous remarks and flattery people also If there is a party, he will be harmed; his body can be harmed, but his ambition cannot be taken away; even if his daily life is endangered, he will eventually expand his ambition and will still never forget the suffering of the common people. This is the worry and thought of the Confucian scholar. )

“Confucianism is knowledgeable but not endless. Practice diligently without being tired; live in seclusion without being promiscuous; be active without being sleepy. The etiquette values ??harmony, the beauty of loyalty, the method of traveling, admiring the virtuous and tolerating others, destroying the right and collapsing. This is how generous he is. ("A Confucian scholar studies extensively but never gets tired; he practices without getting tired of it; when he lives in seclusion, he does not indulge in sexual misconduct; when he is enlightened, he does not lose his manners and embarrassment; he follows the principle of propriety and harmony, and in line with the virtue of loyalty, Use gentle and gentle methods; admire the wise and tolerate the masses, sometimes you can cut off the square edges of yourself and follow the crowd, just like the tolerance and generosity of the Confucianists)

" Confucianism does not use internal acknowledgment to avoid relatives, and external promotion does not allow for grievances. Cheng Gong accumulates achievements, promotes talents and advances them, without expecting their rewards. The king achieves his ambition and only seeks to benefit the country and does not seek wealth and honor. This is the kind of person who can support people like this. ("Confucians recommend talents as long as they have both moral integrity and talent and are qualified for the job. They do not shy away from praising their relatives internally and their enemies externally. Confucians measure merits, accumulate facts, recommend talents and advance to the top, and do not expect their In order to repay the virtuous people, it fulfills the king's wish; as long as it is beneficial to the country, Confucian scholars do not seek wealth and honor by recommending virtuous people. This is the style of Confucianism in recommending virtuous people. Telling each other means showing kindness to each other when seeing something good; showing each other first in terms of title and title means showing each other the best in times of adversity; waiting for each other for a long time means showing mutual respect from afar. There is no such thing as any of his actions. ("When Confucian scholars hear good deeds, they tell each other about them; when they see good words, they pass them on to each other; when they have a title, they put each other first; when there are adversities, they help each other; some friends have been in lower positions for a long time, so they wait for him to be promoted, and some If a friend is unhappy in a distant place, he will try to recruit him to join the officialdom. This is how Confucian scholars treat and recommend like-minded friends. )

"Confucianism bathes in virtue, speaks in silence, and keeps quiet." When it is right, it is not known to be superior; when it is thick and warped, it is not rushed; when it is not close to depth, it is high; when it is not added, it is more; when the world is governed, it is not easy; when it is chaotic, it is not depressed; when it is the same, it is not the same; when it is different, it is not different. Such is his uniqueness. ("Confucian scholars bathe in body, mind and morality, state their own suggestions and obey the emperor's orders, be quiet and not impetuous, and stick to the right path. If the emperor does not understand, he will give a little enlightenment, but do not act too hastily. When facing people of low status, he will not show off. One's own nobility; do not magnify one's few achievements, but boast of having many achievements. When the world is in great order, the virtuous people live together without looking down upon themselves; when the world is in chaos, they stick to the right path without being depressed. Those who have the same political views will not form personal alliances with them; those who have different political views will not slander or slander them. This is the uniqueness of Confucianism. The Son of Heaven does not interfere with the feudal lords; he is prudent and calm yet tolerant, he is strong and determined in dealing with others, and he is knowledgeable in order to persuade others; he is sharp and honest in his writings; although he divides the country like a baht, he does not serve ministers or serve as officials. This is the rule. ("Some Confucian scholars do not serve the emperor at the top, nor serve the princes at the bottom; they are cautious and serene but advocate tolerance; they are strong and resolute but good at dealing with others; they have learned extensively and know what they should do; they are close to the rules of etiquette, music and law, and they are upright and honest. His character; even if the country is entrusted to him, it is regarded as a trivial matter. He does not want to serve as a minister or serve as an official. This is how Confucian scholars regulate their behavior. Tao Tongshu: If you stand together, you will be happy, and you will never get tired of seeing each other; if you haven't seen each other for a long time, you will not believe the rumors when you hear them; if you act in your own way, you will advance in the same way, and if you are different, you will retreat. His friends are like this. ("Some Confucian scholars have similar interests and directions, pursue Taoism and art in the same way, are happy when they are established in the world, and do not dislike each other even if their status is superior; if they have not seen each other for a long time and hear rumors about each other, they will never Don't believe it. Their behavior is based on morality. They will keep in touch with those who have the same aspirations as their own, and stay away from those who have different aspirations. This is the attitude of Confucians.)

< p> "The gentle person is the foundation of benevolence; the respectful person is the place of benevolence; the generous person is the work of benevolence; the generous person is the ability of benevolence; the courtesy is the appearance of benevolence; the person who talks is the writing of benevolence; the one who sings and plays music is the foundation of benevolence. , the harmony of benevolence; the dispersion, the giving of benevolence. Confucians have both, but dare not speak of benevolence. He respects such people.

(“Gentleness and kindness are the foundation of benevolence, respect and caution are the quality of benevolence, magnanimity is the work of benevolence, humility in dealing with others is the function of benevolence, etiquette is the appearance of benevolence, speech is the literary talent of benevolence, singing and music are the harmony of benevolence, Distributing wealth and giving away things is a form of benevolence. Confucianism can’t be said to be benevolent even if it possesses all these virtues. This is how Confucianism behaves. , not full of wealth and honor; not ashamed of the king, not burdensome to the superiors, not Min Yousi, so it is called Confucianism. Nowadays, people's orders for Confucianism are also arrogant, and they often criticize each other for Confucianism. "("Confucian people are not embarrassed and lose their ambition because of poverty and lowliness, are not arrogant and unruly because of wealth, are not humiliated by kings, are not intimidated by superiors, and are not contrary to morality and abnormal because of officials' difficulties, so they are called Confucians. Now people are talking about The understanding of naming with Confucian characters is false, so people often use Confucianism to insult each other.")

Confucius went to his house and expressed his condolences to the mansion. After hearing this, he became more faithful in his words and more righteous in his actions: "In the end. Without me, I would not dare to make fun of Confucianism. (Confucius returned to Lu from Wei and returned to his home. Lu Ai hosted him in his mansion. After hearing Confucius’s words, he became more trustworthy in his words and behaved more morally. He said: “Throughout my life, I don’t dare to make fun of Confucians anymore.

”