Yaoqisheng immigrants

In the 9th year of Kangxi (1670), Zheng Ke was born in Chengtianfu, Dongning. His biological mother is Huang, the harem wife of Yanping Wang Zheng Jing, and his biological mother is Tang, Zheng Jing's concubine in the fifth year of Kangxi (1666). Zheng is the second son of Zheng Jing, and Zheng Kecang is his half-brother.

In the 13th year of Kangxi (1674), Wu Sangui, Shang Kexi and Geng had already set out against the Qing Dynasty, and Geng sent people to Taiwan to invite Zheng Jun to help Fujian. During Zheng Jing's expedition to Fujian in the Qing Dynasty, Zheng Kecang, the eldest son of Zheng Kecang, was appointed as Wang Shizi of Yanping, and was given the post of supervisor of the country, in charge of the political affairs of the Zheng Dynasty. Chen Xu, her daughter, was betrothed to Prince Zheng Kecang, and Feng Xu, her daughter, was betrothed to Feng Xifan.

In the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), when Zheng Jing was exploring the mainland, he was defeated by Jue Luo Aixin, commander-in-chief of the Qing army. When Zheng Jun entered Fujian, Chen Yonghua, the father-in-law of Zheng Kecang, the minister of state supervision, was ordered to stay in Taiwan Province and take charge of the military forces and guards here. As expected, after Zheng Jun stepped down, Feng Xifan, Zheng Ke's father-in-law, was jealous of Chen Yonghua and wanted to seize his military power. General Zheng Jing Liu Guoxuan and Feng Xifan are ambiguous. Feng Xifan designed and said to Chen Yonghua: "I have made no contribution to the Western Expedition, but I still occupy a great position in the country after I come back. If I feel inappropriate, I will resign and rest at home for a lifetime. " Chen Yonghua was deeply moved by this. Since Feng Xifan, the most troublesome humble Beowulf, knows how to stab, he should resign himself, that is, submit his resignation to Zheng Jing to relieve the relieving. Zheng Jing didn't want to criticize, but Feng Xifan strongly agreed, saying, "Yonghua has worked hard for several years, and both form and spirit have been burned. If you want to have a rest today and your feelings are true, you should bow down. "

In March of 19th year of Kangxi (1680), Zheng Jing approved the transfer of Chen Yonghua's most valiant troops to Liu Guoxuan. Feng Xifan still works as a bodyguard and does not resign. In May, Chen Yonghua was dismissed and resigned as general manager of Dongning Company. Soon, he died of depression, and Chen Yonghua's death marked that Zheng Kecang's power was greatly weakened.

Zheng Ke's father, Zheng Jing, died on the 28th day of the first month in the 20th year of Kangxi (168 1), and the brothers competed for the throne. At that time, the prince was Zheng Ke's eldest brother Zheng Kecang, and Zheng Kecang was Chen Yonghua's son-in-law. He has been an adult and has been in charge for many years, and his comments are good in all aspects. Feng Xifan wanted Zheng Ke, who was only twelve years old, to replace Zheng Kecang, and sent someone to discuss with Zheng Cong, a clan relative of the Zheng family, and General Liu Guoxuan. He is not an evil man, but Feng, Feng Xifan's father, was promoted and worshipped Feng as his adoptive father. This intimate relationship made Liu Guoxuan fall to Feng Xifan's side and forgot the mission of entrusting orphans, which also prompted Feng Xifan to kill the king later.

And they told the toffee Dong Youjia that "Zheng Kecang is not the family of the Zheng family, but the son of Li", and so on, * * * planned and launched the transformation of Dongning City. Soon, Feng Xifan and Zheng Jing factions hanged Zheng Kecang because he was not a traitor. Zheng Ke inherited the title of King Yanping. After the coup, Zheng Ke was declared the new king. After the succession, the imperial clan of the Jin Dynasty and the hero of the coup were named Gong, Hou and Bo respectively. Later, he posthumous title his ancestor Zheng Chenggong and his parents Zheng Jing and his wife.

After the establishment of Zheng Ke, Feng Xifan made contributions to the establishment, claiming to be loyal to the monarch, and still managed the Guards as a military adviser. Zheng Cong, the regicide, was an assistant government, but he was incompetent and timid, and made few decisions, but Feng Xifan let it go. Zheng Ming and Zheng Zhi are left and right generals. He also informed the Quartet of the "too big to bear" document, which lost the hearts of the people.

In July of the same year, Li Guangdi, a great cabinet scholar of the Qing Dynasty, said to Emperor Kangxi, "After the death of Zheng Jing, Zheng Ke was young, so the generals could not be United. Zheng Ke couldn't control him, and the soldiers were separated from the people. If we send troops to conquer Taiwan Province Province at this time, it is now or never. " Upon hearing this, Emperor Kangxi immediately agreed to Li Guangdi's suggestion and prepared to attack Taiwan Province.

At this time, Taiwan Province province under the rule of Zheng Ke was far from being comparable to Taiwan Province province economically and militarily. Economically, natural floods and droughts occurred in Taiwan Province Province for three consecutive years, resulting in poor harvest and soaring rice prices. The consumption of successive years' wars has also left Taiwan Province's national treasury empty and its finances tight. In order to raise salary, expand the army and resist the attack of the Qing army, Zheng Group intensified the oppression and extortion of the people of all ethnic groups in Taiwan Province Province, and the class contradictions and ethnic contradictions on the island intensified unprecedentedly, and various forms of resistance struggles occurred from time to time. Militarily, Zheng Jun suffered heavy losses on the mainland coast, and only a thousand people fled back to Taiwan Province Province. At this time, there were still more than 50,000 Zheng troops and about 200 warships in Taiwan Province Province and Penghu, but the morale was low, and Zheng officers and soldiers flew to the mainland to surrender to the Qing Dynasty.

In November of the 21st year of Kangxi (1682), Shi Lang, the prefect of Fujian Navy in Qing Dynasty, demanded the right to expropriate Taiwan Province Province. Yao Qisheng, the governor of Fujian, still advocates zhaofu.

In the 22nd year of Kangxi (1683), Taiwan Province Province demanded that the Qing Dynasty * * * should follow the example of Ryukyu and Korea, and only pay tribute, and not shave their hair. This request was opposed by the Qing Dynasty. A naval battle broke out between Qing and Zheng in Penghu, and Shi Lang, the prefect of the Qing navy, defeated and won the pacification department of Penghu. Liu Guoxuan then fled back to dongning city. After the defeat, the Dongning imperial court began to discuss the next countermeasures, which were mainly divided into "Re-war School" and "Peace School".

With Zheng Dexiao, Jian Wei Zhen Huang, Xiao Wu of Navy Town and Hong Gongzhu of Zhongzhen as the core, the Re-war School urged Feng Xifan and Ke to conquer Luzon and keep Zheng Guozuo forever. However, Feng Xifan, who had originally listened to the heavy war faction, listened to Liu Guoxuan's peace speech and finally chose to surrender to the Qing Dynasty, and Zheng Ke, who was young and incompetent, also surrendered. On the fifth day of July, Feng Xifan ordered Zheng Dexiao to write down the form. On July 15, Feng Xifan sent Zheng Ke to see Shi Lang and put forward the requirement of "three no harm", that is, the Qing army entered the island "without harm to Zheng Shi, officers and soldiers, and Li Shu, Taiwan Province". On August 13, Shi Lang entered Taiwan Province Province and surrendered.

After his death in his later years, Zheng Ke's family was sent to the capital, belonging to Zhenghongqi of the Han army, and was named Haicheng Gong. After the pacification of Taiwan Province, the King's Meeting of the Qing Dynasty decided to place Zheng Ming's descendants and pseudo-officials in Zhili, Henan and Shandong provinces, while Zheng Ke, Liu Guoxuan and Feng Xifan were inconvenient to be placed in other provinces, so they were sent to their next of kin in Iraq and incorporated into them. Shi Lang weighed the pros and cons after learning about it, and wrote to the court that "it is better to be quiet than sparse", and advocated the nearest resettlement. He said: "if you move to the station, there will be many people with families and many people without families." Long-distance travel and escape will be difficult, so you can't live without it. Along the way, people had to cope with their husbands' hardships. After passing through counties, officials have the cost of preparing rations, and they are disturbed by private houses everywhere. Open a farm, there should be capital for cattle and farm tools, and it is hard work ... "This opinion is not only conducive to stabilizing the hearts of the soldiers and civilians in Taiwan Province who have just returned home, but also saves a lot of people and property, so Emperor Kangxi changed the original decision on the monkey and only sent Zheng, Liu, Feng and four people to Beijing; The remaining 40,000 Zheng Jun defectors, depending on their own situation, were sent back to their original places for employment, enlistment and return to agriculture.

Zheng Ke was not allowed to live in Fujian by the Qing court. He and his family were placed under house arrest in an alley outside Chaoyang Gate in Beijing, where the Qing court placed his great-grandfather Zheng Zhilong under house arrest. In order to prevent the legacy of Ming dynasty and the disturbance of Zheng regime, the Qing court strictly controlled the activities. In the more than 20 years after the Qing Dynasty, I only went back to Quanzhou twice, once for my grandfather's remains and once for the renovation of Zheng Ancestral Temple. I was asked to return to Beijing within a time limit after only staying for a few days at a time.

In the thirty-second year of Kangxi (1693), the Ministry of Internal Affairs set up a deputy commander, who was managed by Zheng Ke's second brother and transferred to Zhenghuangqi Han Army. In the fourth year of Yongzheng, he was transferred to Zhenghongqi Han Army. The Qing court was neither mean nor friendly to Zheng Ke. Although he was made public, he had a title and no position. He lived in an open space. The Zheng family has a large population, and even a Wang can't make ends meet. Therefore, he requested the return of the ancestral property occupied in Fujian and Guangdong. As a result, the ancestral properties of Jinjiang, Tongan, Zhangzhou and Guangdong were all occupied by local officials. Instead of paying it back, he lured the Zheng family for several years and dragged his own life to death.

Ding Hai (1707) in the 46th year of Kangxi, Zheng Ke, who was only 37 years old, died in Beijing, and his title remained unchanged. Zheng Kedi of Zheng Ke was ordered by the Qing government to bury the remains of Zheng Chenggong and Zheng Jing in Quanzhou, Fujian. After his death, his mother Huang asked the Qing court to return the property, but there was no result.

The main achievement was in the twentieth year of Kangxi (168 1), and Zheng Jing died on the 28th day of the first month. After his death, it was natural for Zheng Kecang, the eldest son and the state supervisor, to succeed to the throne, but Feng Xifan rose up against it. He joined forces with Zheng Jing's younger brothers Zheng Cong, Zheng Ming, Zheng Zhi and Zheng Rou to kill Zheng Kecang and help Zheng Ke win the throne.

When he ascended the throne, it was a foregone conclusion that the Qing Dynasty ruled China, and the Zheng regime gradually evolved into a local separatist regime. In the 22nd year of Kangxi (1683), on July 8th, Qing * * * sent Fujian navy prefect Shi Lang to lead more than 20,000 sailors and warships from Tongshan to Penghu and Taiwan Province Province. The Qing army launched an attack on the defenders in Penghu, and Zheng was defeated. Zheng Ke led many people to submit to the Qing Dynasty, and the unification of Taiwan Province Province also stabilized the southeast, and bandits were greatly reduced.

After the succession, the Zheng Group, headed by its descendant Zheng Jing, turned Taiwan Province Province under its rule into an independent kingdom and confronted the Qing Dynasty for a long time. In order to end the separatist regime, eliminate the long-term threat from the southeast coast and realize the unity and stability of the country, the Qing government adopted a series of strategies and tactics against Zheng Group, a native of Taiwan Province Province, from the political, military and economic aspects. After the Penghu naval battle, Zheng Ke led the remnants to surrender under the general trend, which not only reduced the casualties in the war, but also set up the Taiwan Province government by Emperor Kangxi, and for the first time set up an administrative agency on the island of Taiwan Province Province to exercise jurisdiction. (In the Yuan Dynasty, only a patrol inspection department was set up in Penghu, and it took several years or even decades to go to the island. )

Father-in-law of family members: Zheng Shibiao (alias Zheng Shaozu), whose real name is Yucheng, whose real name is Xiangting, is from Shijing Township, Nan 'an, Quanzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province.

Great-grandfather: Zheng Zhilong, Huang Fei, was also an official. He was the leader of the armed maritime business group along the southeast coast in the late Ming Dynasty. He became rich by engaging in maritime trade and organized a powerful armed force as the backing. He was the founder of the anti-Qing forces in the Zheng Dynasty.

Great-grandmother: Tanaka (160 1 year-1646) was born in Hirakawa, Kyushu, Japan. Unknown name. She was born into a family in Lany. Later, her mother remarried to Weng Yi, a blacksmith from China who immigrated to Pinghu from Quanzhou, Fujian, China. She also became Aunt Weng's stepdaughter, and thus became Aunt Weng and Princess Weng.

Grandpa: Zheng Chenggong.

Grandmother: Dong Yougu, daughter of Dong Xian, assistant minister of Jinshi Department in Hui 'an, Fujian, and Zheng Jing's biological mother.

Parents: Zheng Jing, the eldest son, whose real name is Jin. Inherit his father, the king of Yanping County, and recruit the rank of general; In the records of the British East India Company, it is called the king of "* * *".

First mother: Princess Tang.

Birth mother: Huang.

Brother: Zheng Kecang.

Brother: Zheng Ke.

Wife Feng, daughter of Feng Xifan.

The eldest son: Zheng Anfu.

Second son: Zheng Anlu.

Third son: Zheng Ankang.

Historical Records records "Clear Draft, Volume 224, Biography 11"

General History of Taiwan Province Province: Volume II: The Establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC).