What's the difference between permanent residence in Japan and naturalization?

If you live permanently, you are still a foreigner, just having a certificate that you can live in Japan for a long time. If you are naturalized, you are not a foreigner and have applied for Japanese citizenship. Some countries recognize the importance of nationality, and Japanese nationality can also retain its original nationality. But China doesn't recognize dual citizenship. You have to give up your China citizenship to become a Japanese citizen!