The background of black music types

Jazz originated from the fusion of folk music, pop music and classical music in New Orleans. New Orleans has long had a unique cultural tradition. From the end of18th century to the beginning of19th century, most of New Orleans was occupied and lived by the French, who always paid close attention to art and were more keen on getting pleasure from music than residents in other parts of China. Therefore, in the19th century, New Orleans had the largest number of music groups in the United States. Black people living in Lower New Orleans sing in two forms: black religious music and labor songs. Another common black singing method is peddling by street vendors, which is very infectious in many changes of timbre and pitch. The above three kinds of black music gradually formed an unaccompanied performance singing method, and later developed into guitar and banjo as accompaniment. New Orleans may have more and better jazz than other places, but this does not mean that New Orleans is the only place where jazz is produced. The music produced by every southern American city with a considerable number of blacks should be regarded as an early jazz. Other cities include Atlanta and Baltimore. During the19th century, music was an important means for black slaves to express their lives and feelings on plantations in the southern United States. From the end of 19, jazz was based on traditional British and American music, and it was a product of "mixed blood", combining blues, ragtime and other music types. African-American music retains many African characteristics, obvious rhythm characteristics and collective improvisation characteristics. The combination of this tradition and the music (mainly vocal music) of the new residence not only produces a new sound, but also produces a brand-new musical expression. The most famous African American music is religious music. Today, people's understanding of jazz more accurately reflects the emotional strength and sense of melody of early African-Americans. The real origin of jazz is poverty. 1865, the American civil war ended. In the past, black slaves were free, but their lives were still very difficult. Most of them can't read, and they only entertain themselves by the music cultivated in their native land. Singing labor trumpets and agricultural songs when picking cotton, singing hymns and hymns at church gatherings in apartheid, and improvising with banjo accompaniment by solo singers. In the church, black priests use English lead singers to solve the problem of singing without words.

Bruce (blues)

Blues is a kind of vocal music and instrumental music based on pentatonic scale, and its other feature is special harmony. The "Voice of Blues" used in Blues and Qi Ying's singing style all show its western origin. Blues music is a homesick song for black people. The dirtiest thing in the history of civilization is selling black people from Africa to America. 65438+In 1930s, the poor blacks in America would get together to sing and dance every weekend and tell their homesickness with simple guitars. They gradually integrated plantation tunes, local folk songs, religious music and even soul songs into singing, and gradually formed blues music. At the same time, blues music is also a branch of black labor songs and lamentations before the American Civil War. After the civil war, blacks improvised new lamentations in the streets and salons, mourning their conflict with the law, disappointment with love or tragic fate in a hostile world.

So they have to transfer these dissatisfaction and unhappiness to singing. Blues music is a musical style created by black people living in America in their hard life. In the process of social development at that time, blacks were regarded as the working people at the bottom. This great music form was bred in their tragic history, which was in sharp contrast with their social status at that time. It originated in the Mississippi River Delta, originated in the early 20th century, and served as a labor horn for people in the early days. At first, Bruce was mainly a vocal narrative, improvising all the pains and joys in life. Later, musical instruments were added in the process of evolution and development, usually acoustic guitars and harmonicas. Its appearance made great contributions to jazz, rock music, country music and western music. It can be said that it is an important part of western music. Because the blues are shaped by their personal performances, it is difficult to point out the similarities and differences of all blues. But before the emergence of modern blues, all African-American music had certain similarities. The earliest blues music is a kind of "functional expression, and its corresponding aria has no accompaniment, harmony, restrictions on any form, and no special musical structure." These pre-blues music, which originated from the shouts and calls of slaves working in the fields, gradually expanded into "simple single with emotional content". The word blues has the same meaning as the blue devil, meaning low-key, sad and melancholy. In the19th century, this word was used to mean tremor, delirium and police. The application of this word in African-American music may be older. The application of blue notes makes music full of depression and disharmony, which sounds very melancholy. But it is such an "anti-bone" taste that allows the blues to express their inner thoughts directly with songs, which also makes it later carried forward in rebellious rock music.

Soul (soul)

Soul music is a branch of American black music, which originated from Detroit black music. It is a music genre that combines rhythm and blues with gospel music, which originated in the United States from 65438 to 0950. Tightening rhythm, clapping hands and improvising body movements are its important characteristics. In addition, the communication between solo and backup singer, especially the tight voice, is also its main feature. Soul music is the fusion of the southern gospel and the rhythm and blues in the midwest, and the revival of worship music is brought into the Bujiwu world of rhythm and blues. From this fertile foundation, soul music was born. Soul music is characterized by clear secular trends and solid rhythm of religious music. Use some wind music at the same time. However, almost all soul music is marked by enthusiasm and high-pitched voice, and occasionally some improvisation is added. Soul music expects its listeners to find love, forgive love, or just beg for love. Enthusiastic artists such as Sam Cooke and Ethel Franklin always try to dilute the dividing line between soul singers and evangelists. Without religion, you can almost call soul music religious music. Cities such as Detroit and Philadelphia are hotbeds of the mainstream soul because it was widely accepted in the middle and late 1960s. From1August 23rd, 969 to the decline of soul songs, soul songs charts once became synonymous with black music charts. Ray charles was the first soul singer. He absorbed the passion and singing method of black gospel music in rhythm and blues music, especially the singing method called "Flower Singing". As we all know, the golden age of soul songs ended quietly with the assassination of Martin Luther King on April 4th. 1968. Since then, blacks all over the United States have irreproachable launched a series of revenge activities, because the personal safety of employees can not be guaranteed, and some companies have to temporarily suspend business. However, some classical music schools are still working hard, and their works still occupy a high position in the hearts of the audience. It touched the hearts of a whole generation.