During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, how did Chu annexed dozens of countries to "divide the world"?

During the nearly three hundred years in the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Chu annexed forty or fifty countries. In its heyday, Fiona Fang's territory reached 3,000 miles, including Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi (except Xinjiang Valley), western Anhui, southern Henan, southeastern Shaanxi, northern Guangdong and northeastern Guangxi, ranking first among all countries.

After the history of China entered the Warring States Period, the development of Chu reached its peak. Relying on the reform, it established a powerful military and economic force and launched a powerful offensive against the surrounding areas, making itself not only the most extensive but also the most influential country in China at that time.

For example, when mourning the king of southern Chu, Wuqi personally led troops south. The south is not quite finished, so there is a vast expanse of caves? . . Dongting is in the north of Hunan, and Cangwu is in Jiuhua Mountain in southern Hunan. In recent years, a number of tombs in the middle and late Warring States period have been excavated in Guangdong and Guangxi, and their tomb types and funerary objects obviously have the characteristics of Chu tombs and the style of Chu culture, indicating that Chu's influence extends to Guangdong and Guangxi. In addition, Li wrote: In Zhou Yiwang, there were five immortals from the South China Sea, all dressed in the same color and riding sheep of the same color, who gathered in Chuting. Each of them brought a stalk of grain and six leaves to the citizens. ? Chu takes Mi as his surname and Mi as the mourning of sheep. This legendary story also shows that Chu conquered (Guangzhou).

In the East, in 334 BC, Chu Weiwang sent troops to attack the State of Yue and killed the King of Yue. Take Wu to Zhejiang and Xuzhou in the north. And the more dispersed. All the families are fighting for it. Do you want to be king? Do you want to be king? Do you want to stand by and watch the sea in the south of the Yangtze River and serve the State of Chu? . As a result, the vast area centered on Jiangsu and Zhejiang originally belonged to Yue State and was incorporated into the territory of Chu State.

Cut Qin to the west, passing through southwest and southwest. Until 230 BC, Xiang Yan was still defeated by 200,000 Qin Jun, such as Li Xin and Meng Tian. Wang Xiang of Chu Qing once sent crops to lead troops westward to Sichuan and Guizhou, and went deep into Yunnan until Dianchi Lake. Establish vassal states in Galand, Yelang, Minshan and Yunnan, and accept the rule of Chu. Is it that Chu relies on military power? . Chu also took Bashu to attack Linjiang to get straight (Fuling, Sichuan), forcing Ba to move the capital to Langzhong, so Chu occupied the west of the lower reaches of Jialing River in Pakistan. There's also progress northward. In 447 BC, Cai (now north of Shouxian County, Anhui Province) was destroyed, Qi (now northeast of Anqiu County, Shandong Province) was destroyed the following year, and Ju (now Juxian County, Shandong Province), Lu, Zhu (south of Zouxian County, Shandong Province) and Xiao (east of tengxian, Shandong Province) were destroyed four years later. He attacked Qi, Zhou, Korea, slightly defeated Wei, even crossed Song, Wei and Zhao, and raided Zhongshan State in Pingshan County, Hebei Province, winning the legendary victory.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, after several generations of martial arts, Chu destroyed dozens of countries (some said 42 countries, some said 60 countries). In fact, it is far more than that). In its heyday (during the reign of Chu Weiwang and Zhuangxiang), its territory already included two provinces of Hunan and Hubei and one or most provinces of Henan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shandong, and its sphere of influence extended to Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong and Guangxi. The vast southern areas, such as Jianghan Basin, Jianghuai Basin, Taihu Basin and Yuanxiang Basin, are unified, with more than 6,543.8+million square kilometers of land and more than 5 million people. Su Qin, a strategist at that time, once described the territory of Chu as a powerful country in the world, with Qianzhong and Wu Jun in the west, Zhou Xia and Haiyang in the east (now in the south of Shandong Peninsula), Dongting and Cangwu in the south, Xiangyang in the north (now in Xunyang, Shaanxi Province), a land of 5,000 miles, a million troops, thousands of chariots and horses, and millet in ten years. This is also the capital of overlord. ? Huainanzi? Simple training of soldiers is also awesome:? The land of Chu people is wrapped in Yuanxiang in the south, Ying Si in the north, Bashu in the west and Tanhuai in the east. Yingru thinks T-shirt, Jianghan thinks pool, the wall is Deng Lin, and cotton is Fangcheng.

At the same time, Chu created splendid and advanced material civilization and spiritual civilization, and formed a unique Chu culture. For example, Chu Ci, represented by Qu Yuan (Li Sao), is a treasure in the cultural history of China; The mining and casting of gold represented the highest level of development of science, technology and productivity in China at that time. Chu aijin? It is also the beginning of precious metal coinage in China. According to Xu Zhongshu's textual research, after Chu Tong's southwest, the King of Chu successively set up immigration managers in Chuxiong and Jing Rong as his agents to manage gold mining and eastward transportation there.

Chu? Dividing the world almost unified the whole south, put all ethnic groups in the south under the influence of Chu culture, and launched the southern ethnic integration centered on Chu culture, becoming the largest ethnic integration center in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Fan Wenlan put forward such an opinion in A Brief History of China:? The cultural exchange of the southern nationalities centered on Jingchu has produced Chu culture based on the integration of witch culture and Chinese culture. All ethnic groups are generally integrated in the same culture. ?

The role of Chu in the great integration of the Chinese nation goes far beyond this. As a great nation that has created advanced Chu culture, Jingchu people, with the majestic posture of Chu as the main nation, adopted different ways such as war annexation and cultural attraction, and compared with Baipu, Sanmiao, Cangwu, Yang Yue, Fujian, Guangdong, Dongyue, Nanyue, Hu Yi, Huaiyi, Lurong, Luhun, Yinrong, Ba, Shu, Di, Qiang and Yelang, which were called barbarians by the people of the Central Plains at that time. It shows the great role of Chu in the great integration of the Chinese nation and constitutes its characteristics as the center of national integration in the south.