Excuse me, where does the surname "Zhi" rank in the surname ranking?

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Ji Dieao, a doctor of the State of Jin, took the feudal town "Bian" as his surname, and then added the word "Xun" next to "Ear Knife". Ji Dieao is also called Xun Xi.

Later, Xun Xun's son was sealed in "Yong" (now northwest of yongji city, southeast of the ancient city and south of Linyi County, Yuncheng District, Shanxi Province). He took the "wisdom" of the fief as his surname. Therefore, the branch surname originated from Xun's surname, and Xun's name was Zhi Shou, and the history called Zhi Zhuangzi, which was the ancestor.

"Wisdom", ancient Chinese also wrote the word "knowledge".

First, the origin of intellectual surnames

During the Spring and Autumn Period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Ji Dieao (Xun), a public doctor of the State of Jin, took "Bian" as his surname, followed by "Ear Knife" and added the prefix "Xun". Zhao quoted Shiben as saying, "Zhuangzi died at the time of Ao". During the reign of Duke Jing of Jin, Xun, the third son of the general of the State of Jin, was named Zhi (now the northern part of yongji city, the southern part of Linyi County and the southeast of the ancient city of yongji city in Yuncheng, Shanxi).

"Wisdom" means "knowledge" in ancient China characters.

Therefore, the branch surname came from Xun, whose initial name was Xun (about 635 BC-578 BC). He was the ancestor of Zhi surname and died in the village. He was called Zhi Zhuangzi in history. From generation to generation.

The head of the ancestor

History books call Xun Shou (knowing the first), knowing Zhuangzi and knowing the dead.

The wisdom of the second ancestor (Zhang)

History books call Xun Gou, and life calls He Shuo.

Zhishuo, the third ancestor

History books say that Xun said (knowing what to say), life knows surplus.

Four generations of grandfathers Zhiying

History books call Xun Ying (knowing should be), knowing sorrow as a son and knowing oak.

The fifth ancestor, Quercus acutissima (gravel)

History books say that Xun Quercus (knowing Quercus), knowing, knowing Shen, knowing.

The sixth ancestor (I, Zhong)

History books say (knowing Shen), knowing, knowing night and knowing Yao.

Wu Xu, the sixth ancestor.

In the history books, it was called knowledge, but it was changed to "Tu".

Six ancestors zhiguo

History books call knowledge fruit, and other nations call it "auxiliary" in Taishi.

The seventh ancestor Shi Xiaozhi

History books say that knowing the night, knowing the eldest son and knowing the country.

Zhi Yao, the seventh ancestor.

History books say that Xun Yao knew Xiangzi and his life was open.

The eighth ancestor wisdom country

In 453 BC, Zhao, Han and Wei died to protect Zhifu.

The eighth Zu Zhikai

In 452 BC, after Zhao, Han and Wei divided their wisdom, they led a man named Yi to the State of Qin.

Second, the county hopes

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhi County was located in Tianshui County, Hedong County and Chenliu County of Jin State. According to Yuan He's compilation, "Wang Zhi leaves Tianshui, Hedong and Chenliu".

Tianshui County: In the third year of the Western Han Dynasty (BC 1 14), Pingxiang was initially established (now northwest of Tongwei County in Dingxi District, Gansu Province) and moved to Tuo in the Western Jin Dynasty (now Tianshui City). The Northern Wei Dynasty was equivalent to today's water, Qin 'an, Gangu and other places. Yongping 17 (AD 74) in the Eastern Han Dynasty was changed to Hanyang County, and the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms was still another water county. It is equivalent to the area of Tongwei County in Dingxi area of Gansu Province today, Zhuanglang County and Jingning County in Pingliang area of Tianshui City, Qin 'an County, Gangu County, Qingshui County and Zhangjiachuan County in Tianshui area.

Hedong County: Established in the early Qin Dynasty, it is located in Anyi County (northwest of Xiaxian County in Shanxi Province). Namely, yongji city, Linyi and Xiaxian in Yuncheng area east of the Yellow River. Chenliu County: In 22 1 year BC, Chenliu County was established in Qin Dynasty and changed to Chenliu County in Western Han Dynasty, with jurisdiction (now southeast of Kaifeng City, Henan Province). It is equivalent to Minquan County and Ningling County in Shangqiu area of Henan Province in the east, Kaifeng City and Weishi County in Kaifeng area in the west, Yanjin County in Xinxiang area in the north and Qixian County in Kaifeng area in the south.

According to the records in "Expanding Geography", Zhicheng is located in Zhou Pu, 40 miles northwest of Yuxiang County. Zhou Pu established Qin Zhou in the first four years of the Qin Dynasty (354 BC), and Qin Zhou was changed to Zhou Pu in the second year of Ming Di in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (558 AD). In the early years of the Sui Dynasty (AD 605), it was abandoned and ruled in the southeast of the old town of Zhou Pu, yongji city. In the first year of Tang Wude (AD 6 18), Zhou Pu was established, and now it is located in Linjin Town, Linyi County. In three years, Tang Wude moved to Puzhou City, which governs five counties of Hedong, Hexi, Linjin, Yi Shi and Yuxiang, and now belongs to Yuncheng, Shanxi.

In the first year of Baoding in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (AD 56 1 year), it was changed from Suihua County to Yuxiang County. Sui belongs to Hedong County, which was demolished in the 9th year of Sui Daye (AD 6 13), so it is located in Gucheng Village, Chang Kai Town, northwest of Yuxiang Town, yongji city, and Dongxia Village, Changqing Township. In the first year of Tang Wude (AD 6 18), it was located in Yuxiang County, belonging to Zhou Pu, and in the ninth year of Tang Kaiyuan (AD 72 1 year), belonging to Hezhong House. The Five Dynasties, Song Dynasty and Jindu were called Yuxiang County.

"Natural History" contains: Xiexian has a smart city, and soon the smart city is in Yuxiang. Xie Xian's "Warring States Policy" contains: In the twenty-first year of the reign of King Kuai, "Qin defeated Wei's family to solve the problem". Han Zhijie County belongs to Hedong County. In the 11th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 487), it was renamed as Beijie County. The Northern Zhou Dynasty was abolished. Therefore, it is located between Chengxi Village and Chengdong Village in the southeast of Linjin Town, Linyi County, and the site still exists. In the 9th year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (AD 6 13), Yuxiang County was ruled from Suihua Old Town, and in the 1st year of Tang Wude (AD 6 18), it was changed to Jiexian County. In the seventeenth year of Tang Zhenguan (AD 643), it was abolished, and it was restored in the twenty-second year of Tang Zhenguan, belonging to the house in the river. In the first year of the Republic of China (A.D. 19 12), Jiezhou was changed to Jiexian. After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), it merged with Yuxiang County in 1954 to become Jieyu County, and merged with Yuncheng County in 1958, so it is now Jiezhou Town of Yuncheng City.

"Atlas of Chinese History-Map of Jin State in Spring and Autumn Period" records: "Wisdom" is located in the north of Yongji County15km. The old "Linjin County Records" said: "On the bank of Hubei, 30 miles southwest of the county seat, there is an' ancient city' called Xieliang City, which was built in the heyday of Zhibo, also known as Zhicheng, and its remains still exist."

Xie Liangcheng's "Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong Fifteen Years" records: "Jin Houli Qin Bolie River has five cities outside, with a short distance in the east, Huashan in the south and Xie Liangcheng inside." Xie Liangcheng is Xie Liang City in the southwest of Laojinjin County, with the surname of Hubei. "Old Linjin County Records" is called Nan Gucheng Village, which is now the Gucheng Village of Chang Kai Town in northern yongji city.

Third, the rise and fall of history.

(1) during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period (the ancestor branch Zhuangzi to the eighth ancestor branch Kuan defected to Qin).

In June, 597 BC (the seventh year of Duke Jing of Jin Dynasty), Xun Shou was the military doctor of the State of Jin in the battle of Chu Jin. Xun's eldest son, Xun, was captured by Chu.

Note: Xunzi (Zhang) mentioned in history books is knowledge (wisdom).

In 589 BC, the battle of Jin and Qi Ma 'an was defeated by Qi's division, and Xun recorded the army. ("Zuo Zhuan Lu Chenggong Two Years" records).

In 588 BC, Xun Shou exchanged the son of Chu for knowing that he had returned to the State of Jin.

In 587 BC, Xun Shouzuo saved Xu and captured the cities of Lun (now northwest) and Ji (now north of Zhengzhou).

In 586 BC, Xun Shou was like a rebellious woman.

In 585 BC, Jin saved Zheng from invading Cai Yong, knowing that Zhuangzi remonstrated and did not fight, but Jin was still there;

In 578 BC (the third year of the State of Jin), Xun was the left leader in the battle of Ma Tunnel (now the north of Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province), and he was the first to die. In 575 BC (Zhou Jianwang 1 1 year), after the battle of Yanling, (Zhang) was appointed as the deputy commander-in-chief of the Jin army.

In 573 BC (Zhou Jianwang 13), Zhigou married Gongzi Zhou and formed an alliance with the doctor as Duke Xiang of Jin. In 565 BC (the seventh year of Zhou Lingwang), Gou was promoted to Marshal Zhong Jun, who was in charge of the state affairs of Jin. In 5 14 BC, Liu Qing of the State of Jin killed the son of the State of Jin and carved up his fief.

In 472 BC, he led his troops to cut Qi, and then cut Zheng twice, which strengthened the power of the branch. In 464 BC, Zhi Yao of Jin attacked Zheng, who turned to Qi for help. As soon as Qi reinforcements arrived, the Jin army retreated. In 455 BC (14 weeks to calm the emperor), when Jin was in power, Zhishi joined forces with Zhao, Wei and Han to eliminate Fan and BOC and divide up their land and property. At this point, the state of Jin changed from the dictatorship of six Qing dynasties to four great powers. These four families are Zhi, Zhao, Han and Wei, among which Zhi is the most powerful, and its surname is Bo, ranking first among the four ministers.

In 455 BC, Zhi Yao and Shuaijun wiped out the kingdom of Judah (the kingdom of Judah was in Yuxian, Yangquan, Shanxi). In 455 BC, Zhi Yao of Jin joined forces with Wei Ju and Han Hu to attack Zhao, and surrounded Jinyang, the base of Zhao.

In 453 BC, Wei and Han rebelled, United Zhao to defeat the Zhi family, beheaded, slaughtered the Zhi family, and carved up its territory, which was known as the division of wisdom among the three families, which opened the historical curtain of the division of Jin among the three families.

In 452 BC (twenty-five years after Qin Li became an official), Zhikai (the son of Zhiyao) led his intelligent people to the State of Qin. (According to Historical Records, Volume V, Qin Benji, Fifth)

In 448 BC (Qin Li was an official for twenty-nine years), Zhi Kuan, a doctor guarding other cities in the State of Jin, led a man named Zhi Yi to the State of Qin six years later. (According to Historical Records, Volume XV Chronology of Six Countries No.3)

(2) Ancient China (22 BC1year to AD 1840 before the Opium War) IV. Migration and distribution.

(1) Immigration

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhi County was located in Tianshui County, Hedong County and Chenliu County of Jin State.

"The three factions divided their wisdom", and the Zhizu were defeated, and Zhi Bo was killed, which harmed the Zhizu. Zhao, Han and Wei carved up the land and property of the Zhi family, and the Zhi family faced an unprecedented disaster.

Some surviving members of the branch family had to migrate, remain anonymous, run away from home and live in Shangcai County, Zhumadian District, Henan Province.

Zhikai and Zhikuan: After the three factions divided their minds, they led their Yi people to the State of Qin and lived in Tianshui County.

In order to avoid disaster, a clan of the State of Guo changed its surname from the official surname of the State of Jin to "Fu" and moved to other places.

Some people changed their surnames to Xun in advance to avoid disaster.

Wu (the sixth ancestor and brother), a doctor of land and water in Jin Dynasty, took Tu as his surname, and this clan was preserved, that is, it continued to the present Tu family.

Some people changed their surname to "Cheng", which is now the Cheng family in Shanxi Province. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, according to the needs of national immigrants, some intellectuals' surnames were concentrated in Dahuaishu Town, Hongdong County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province, and moved to Jianghuai, Hebei, Henan, Shandong and Northeast China.