Causes of water shortage in North China Plain

The reasons for water shortage in North China Plain are as follows:

1. There is little precipitation in North China, and the rainy season is concentrated in summer. The average annual precipitation in North China is relatively small, and the precipitation is concentrated in July and August.

2. Sufficient illumination and large evaporation.

3. Runoff is small, and the upper reaches of rivers are mostly arid areas.

4. The agricultural industry is characterized by large water consumption, dense population and large domestic water consumption.

Measures to solve the problem of water shortage in northern China;

Build reservoirs, transfer water across river basins, plant trees, save water and prevent water pollution.

Influence of South-to-North Water Transfer Project on China;

1. The South-to-North Water Transfer Project is by far the largest water transfer project in the world.

2. The total annual water transfer scale of the three routes of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is about 44.8 billion cubic meters, which is equivalent to 10 Beijing's water consumption. Basically alleviate the critical situation of serious water shortage in the north.

3. The South-to-North Water Diversion Project is a miracle project, which is more than simply transferring water. Engineering construction, after many planning demonstrations, involves all aspects, including pollution, resettlement, protection along the line, cascade water supply and other difficulties. But all these difficulties were created by our builders.

North China Plain:

North China Plain is one of the three major plains in China, the most populous plain in China, and the main part of the Great Plains in eastern China. It is located at 32 ~ 40 north latitude, east longitude1121,north to the southern foot of Yanshan Mountain, south to the northern side of Dabie Mountain, west to Taihang Mountain-Funiu Mountain and east to Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea.

The North China Plain is a Cenozoic fault depression area on the North China Platform. In the Late Tertiary and Quaternary, the adjacent great plains were formed, and at the same time, the fault blocks at the edge of the plains rose relatively, and the outline of the great plains became increasingly clear. The Cenozoic era sank relatively and received thick deposits, with local deposits reaching several kilometers.

North China Plain is less than 100 meters above sea level, and the terrain is gentle and inclined. From the foothills to the coast, there are several landform types, such as alluvial inclined plain, alluvial fan plain, alluvial plain, alluvial lacustrine plain, marine plain and marine plain. The landforms shaped by major rivers such as the Yellow River, Huaihe River, Haihe River and Luanhe River constitute the main body of the North China Plain, namely the Yellow River alluvial fan plain, the Huaihe River middle and lower reaches plain, the Haihe River middle and lower reaches plain and the Luanhe River lower reaches alluvial fan plain.