New challenges for the Collective Security Treaty Organization

Counter-terrorism and counter-extremist forces. After the "9·11" incident, anti-terrorism and anti-extremist forces have become global. Specific to the CSTO, the "Taliban" elements from Afghanistan are a common threat to the member states. This is also one of the backgrounds for the signing of the Collective Security Treaty. After the Islamic liberators invaded Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan in 1999 and 2000, the CSTO member states realized that specific measures must be taken to prevent such incidents from happening, and in the autumn of 2000 they adopted a decision to establish a rapid deployment collective force. This force later became the basis of the Central Asian regional force group, and gradually became a force in combating extremist forces in Central Asia. This feature is clearly reflected in the exercise script of rapidly deploying collective forces. Since 2004, this force has organized anti-terrorism exercises code-named "Line of Defense" every year, mainly in Central Asia. The CSTO also plans to institutionalize anti-terrorism and counter-extremism activities. In February 2007, the CSTO announced plans to form a counter-terrorism committee, which is composed of leaders of the ministries of interior, security agencies, investigation and border defense departments of various countries. It also plans to establish a CSTO framework in the three collective security regions of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia. regional counterterrorism forces.

Crack down on drug crimes and build an international barrier to prevent the spread of drugs. The 2007 report of the United Nations Anti-Drug Agency pointed out that in 2006, 92% of the raw materials for heroin in the world came from Afghanistan, and in 2007, this increased to 93%. The anti-terrorism operations of the multinational forces in Afghanistan have not reduced drug production as much as expected. Drug crimes not only threaten CSTO members in Central Asia, but also pose serious challenges to Russia and Belarus, because drugs must pass through them before entering Europe. The CSTO has organized a comprehensive campaign-prevention exercise code-named "Channel" every year since 2003, with the purpose of searching for and blocking drug trafficking channels in northern Afghanistan. The 2007 "Passage" exercise also used financial investigation data for the first time, taking solid steps towards creating a safe financial zone around Afghanistan. The organization's anti-drug activities have been recognized by the international community. The United Nations Anti-Drug Agency once commented that the "Channel" exercise is the largest and most effective in combating drugs in Afghanistan.

Joint response to emergencies and technical incidents. In its efforts to build a multi-functional and comprehensive regional organization, the CSTO actively responds to various emergencies and natural disasters. In order to prevent and eliminate the consequences of natural disasters and technological disasters, the CSTO established an Emergency Coordination Committee in October 2007 and began to form a collective emergency response force. It should be pointed out that compared with its achievements in combating terrorism and drug crimes, the organization's role in engineering technology and natural disasters still has room for substantial improvement. At the Minsk Summit on June 23, 2010, the organization's Secretary-General Bordyuza proposed the formation of a collective force to respond to emergencies. It consists of three parts: the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Police and the Health and Epidemic Prevention Team, and stated that the Minsk Declaration was issued Then began to formulate relevant documents.

Combating illegal immigration. Illegal immigration is a new problem facing the CSTO. Member states jointly cracked down on illegal immigration for the first time from May to June 2006. The action achieved remarkable results. Nearly 30,000 people were punished for violating immigration laws, several human trafficking gangs were eliminated, and many weapons, ammunition, and drug transportation channels were is cut off. The CSTO cooperates closely with international organizations in combating illegal immigration. In July 2006, the CSTO secretariat signed a memorandum of cooperation with the International Organization for Migration, aiming to improve the level of cooperation between the two parties at the legal and organizational levels.