The background of the American Civil War is

/kloc-the industrial revolution spread to the United States in the 0 th and 9 th centuries, and the American economy developed rapidly. At the same time, the United States acquired a large territory in the west and established a new state in the west. Every time a new state is established, there is a struggle to allow or prohibit slavery. The northern bourgeoisie and peasants advocated that NSW banned slavery and demanded that NSW be determined as a free state. Slave owners in the south tried to expand slavery to the west and advocated defining NSW as a state that allowed slavery. Slave owners used their dominant position in Congress and government to win one after another, which aroused the indignation of the broad masses of people in the north.

Because the north and the south pursue different policies, the religious circles have also been severely tested. The churches in the north have a more flexible understanding of the Bible, and constantly try to defend the liberation of slaves through the interpretation of the Bible. Church leaders in the South, such as Robert Lewis Dabney (Robert Lewis Dabney), used Calvinism to provide a plausible theoretical basis for slavery and the division of the South. Due to the differences between the north and the south, churches distrust each other and attack each other, which leads to the division of churches. The Presbyterian Church split as early as 1837, and other events besides race complicated the split. The Methodist church and the Baptist church also had serious differences in this storm.

Reason:

After the independence of the United States, the south and the north developed along two different roads.

In the north, the capitalist economy has developed rapidly. From the 19 to the1920s, the northern and central states began the industrial revolution, which was completed in the1950s.

1860, industrial production in North China ranked fourth in the world, with a total output value of188 billion US dollars.

Plantation slavery was practiced in the south. 1860 There were 4 million slaves in the south. Slavery in the south is a cancer growing in American society, which has seriously stifled the development of industry and commerce in the north. Since the beginning of19th century, the contradictions and struggles between the north and the south have become increasingly fierce.

The struggle mainly revolves around the land in the west. The north demanded the development of capitalism in the western region and restricted or even prohibited the expansion of slavery; The south tried to expand slavery in the west and even the whole country. The conflict between the two sides reached 19 in the 1950s, which led to armed conflicts in some areas. Facing the advance of slave owners, the people in the north launched a massive "abolitionist movement", and slaves in the south also launched riots. Driven by the people's struggle, the northern bourgeoisie began to advocate the abolition of slavery.

1854, the North Peace Party was founded. In the same year, the southern slave owners tried to expand slavery to Kansas by force, so an armed struggle broke out in Kansas between western farmers and immigrants from free States against the southern slave owners, which lasted until 1856, which started the civil war.

1857, slave owners tried to use Scott's judgment to extend slavery to all the territories of the United States, which led to the uprising in john brown.

1860, Lincoln, a Republican who advocated the abolition of slavery, was elected president, and the southern slave owners launched a rebellion. The southern slave-holding states became independent one after another, and seven southern states withdrew from the Union. 186 1 February, the United States of America was founded, with Richmond as its capital and Davis as its president. In April of the same year, 12- 14, confederate troops pre-emptively captured Fort Sumter, and the civil war broke out.

Results:

The Civil War is the only civil war in American history. The two parties involved are the United States of America in the north and the United States of America in the south. The war ended in a union victory. At the beginning of the war, it was originally a war to safeguard national unity, and later it evolved into a revolutionary war to fight for the freedom and new life of slaves.

The civil war was the first large-scale war after the industrial revolution, during which the standards of modern warfare such as tactics, strategic thinking and battlefield medical care were established. Most of the 3.5 million people who took part in the war were volunteers. The war killed 750,000 soldiers and disabled 400,000 soldiers. Relevant associations estimate that the death toll may be higher, and the number of civilians affected is unknown.

The limitation of the Civil War is that Lincoln abolished slavery only in the southern rebel States. Although these blacks were liberated, they did not get the same rights as whites.

Impact:

The victory of the north in the war not only consolidated national unity, but also established the dominant position of the big bourgeoisie in the north in the whole country. The civil war eliminated slavery, thus clearing the way for the rapid development of American capitalism. The implementation of the Homestead Law has accelerated the development of the western region and contributed to the victory of the American-style road to the development of agricultural capitalism. Thus, at the end of 19, the United States became the most advanced industrial and agricultural capitalist country in the world.

In the reconstruction period after the civil war, blacks were still discriminated against in many aspects and exploited by plantation owners, but they gained civil rights and voting rights politically and were liberated from slavery. Therefore, the American Civil War has an epoch-making influence in the development of American history.

Meaning:

The civil war destroyed slavery. Civil War is the second bourgeois revolution in American history, but it solved the problem of farmers' land well, safeguarded national unity, cleared the way for the accelerated development of American capitalism, and laid the foundation for the United States to rank among the world powers.

During the civil war, the industrial revolution brought great military progress. The two sides used metal shells and heavy rifles to fight, used railways and steam boats to realize rapid maneuvering and assembly of troops, and used steam armored warships to conduct naval battles. Mechanical rifles were put into actual combat for the first time, especially the production mode of manufacturing standardized parts and assembling weapons was developed in the north, which greatly improved the industrial production efficiency and promoted the progress of American history.