Why did Cao Cao immigrate?

Cao Cao and Zhang Fei were famous historical figures in the Three Kingdoms period. Recently, however, some researchers have suggested that the bitter rivals of these two different camps are actually relatives! Sichuan Tianfu Morning Post reported yesterday (1 1) that Shen Bojun, a researcher of Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences and executive vice president of China Romance Society of the Three Kingdoms, revealed this amazing discovery. Experts from the Three Kingdoms: "Zhang Fei is Cao Cao's nephew's son-in-law." "This is not an absurd theory, but a true historical fact." Shen Bojun, who has devoted himself to the study of the Three Kingdoms for 20 years, said that the relationship between Cao Cao and Zhang Fei was established through the Xia family. Kinship: Cao Cao is Xia's cousin, Cao Cao's father Cao Song, and the adopted son of Cao Teng, a great eunuch in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, but his family is Xiahou's. According to the reflection of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Shuwu Diji, Biography of Cao and Shiyu, "(Cao) Song was the son of Xiahou and uncle of Xia Houdun. Taizu (referring to Cao Cao) listens to his father and brother. " Judging from the blood relationship, Cao Cao is actually a descendant of Xiahou. His general is his cousin, and another general, Xia, is also his brother. Xia Houdun has been independent for a long time, "Seeing relatives again, the generals will win the battle" (Biography of the Three Kingdoms Shu Wei Xia Houdun). Xia led his troops to war many times, and his "tiger steps, indomitable spirit" also won trust. In addition to their own talents and merits, the blood relationship with Cao Cao is an important reason why they are so favored. Generation interpretation: Zhang Fei is Xia's niece. "As a confidant of Liu Bei, it is difficult for Zhang Fei to have anything to do with the Xia Houshi family, whether from a family background or a political perspective." Shen Bojun said that in that era when the world was in chaos and people's fate was changeable, Zhang Fei accidentally became Xiahou's son-in-law. According to Wei Luyin's Biography of the Three Kingdoms Shu Wei Zhu Xia Houdun, this happened: In the fifth year of Jian 'an (AD 200), Xia Houdun's niece and sister went out to collect firewood for Zhang Fei. Knowing her good daughter, the concubine married her, gave birth to a daughter and became the queen of Liu Chan. In terms of seniority, Zhang Fei is Xia's cousin. Cao Cao is Xia's brother and Zhang Fei is Xia's cousin's nephew, so Zhang Fei can also be said to be Cao Cao's cousin's nephew. Moreover, even Liu Chan, the late ruler of Shu Han (Zhang Fei's daughter was his queen), was Cao Cao's niece and son-in-law. Everything depends on its owner: there are few visits, but I don't forget the affair. Since January of Jian 'an five years, Cao Cao personally led an army to defeat Liu Bei and recapture Xuzhou, Cao Cao and Liu factions have been in sharp opposition. Therefore, although Cao Cao and Zhang Fei became relatives, they didn't have a chance to walk around and talk about friendship. However, this relationship has not been completely forgotten even when the two sides are fighting each other. In the 24th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 19), Liu Bei entered Hanzhong. In the 20th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 15), Xia, who had been guarding Hanzhong, fought with him and was killed by Huang Zhong in Dingjun Mountain. Zhang Fei's wife "invited to be buried" after hearing the news, which is a little filial piety to this uncle. In the tenth year of Wei Zhengshi (AD 249), Sima Yi staged a coup, destroyed Cao Shuang Group and monopolized power. At that time, the fear of being a right general and "recruiting Shu soldiers" was implicated. He fled to Shu in panic and got lost on Yinping Road. Because of lack of food, he killed the horse to satisfy his hunger and broke his foot. Shu and Han heard the news and sent people to meet them. When Xia Houba arrived in Chengdu, Liu Chan personally met him and explained to him: "Your father died between the lines, not at the hands of his ancestors." Liu Chan also pointed to his son: "Xiahou's nephew is also." Liu Chan gave Xia Houba "kindness" and always made him a general. Xia Houba became one of the important generals in the later period of Shu-Han Dynasty. Unfortunately, dialogue novels abandoned this background. Reporter: How did the relationship between Cao Cao and Zhang Fei come out? Shen Bojun: The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a novel written by Luo Guanzhong based on historical facts more than 600 years ago. The textual research on the relationship between Cao and Zhang is mainly to find clues from the vast historical materials. The history of the Three Kingdoms is the most important research tool. In Cao Wei Group, Hexia is extremely honored. Therefore, when Chen Shou wrote The Reflection of the Three Kingdoms, he simply combined Cao Shi's clansmen, Xia, Coss, Cao Hong, etc. into one biography, which was called Xiahou Cao Biography. Reporter: Cao and Zhang are relatives and are good novel materials. Why did Luo Guanzhong abandon this fact? Shen Bojun: When Luo Guanzhong wrote the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, this point was not involved at all. Not only did Zhang Fei's wife never show up, but she also wrote that when Xia Houba went to Shuhan, she didn't give a brief explanation. I wonder if Luo Guanzhong didn't notice this layer of kinship, or deliberately abandoned this fact because he didn't want to describe family life, or worried that writing this point would blur the ideological tendency of "respecting Liu and restraining Cao" in his works? This is a mystery that is difficult to solve. Whatever the answer is, I feel sorry for it. The image of Cao Cao is a cultural phenomenon. Shen Bojun said that Cao Cao had the most counsellors, and as a world leader, Cao Cao first noticed the recruitment of talented people. As soon as he established himself in Zhou, he actively recruited talents, and Guo Jia, Liu Wei, Man Chong and other important advisers were successively placed under his account, which soon formed a prosperous situation of "warriors like clouds, counselors like rain". The evaluation of Cao Cao in history is not a mass of darkness and abuse. During the period of 1600 years from the Western Jin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty, Cao Cao has been praised and criticized, and his image will still be commented as a cultural phenomenon in the future. "Cao Cao's literary image is not a true copy of the historical figure Cao Cao, but he is a deduction of the basic characteristics of the historical figure Cao Cao. He has an outstanding politician who is ambitious and determined to unify, and a feudal ruler who is extremely self-interested and disabled. Be proficient in strategy and be good at using troops; There is also an embarrassing side. " Shen Bojun said that the image of Cao Cao embodies the qualities of ten thousand feudal rulers of the same type in Qian Qian, so it has a higher level and wider historical authenticity. In the history of China literature, it is difficult to find a typical feudal politician like Cao Cao who combines truth, good and evil, beauty and ugliness. The complexity of Cao Cao's image reflects the contradictory relationship between utilitarian pursuit and moral progress yearning in the historical process of human society's own development. When people understand the moral criticism significance of Cao Cao's character, they will get profound enlightenment: while human beings continue to promote material civilization, they must never ignore the pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty. Correcting Zhang Fei's "One Virtue" instead of "One Virtue" Zhang Fei is a famous figure in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. When it comes to his words, many people will not hesitate to say, "Yi Zi Xian." "In fact, this is an out-and-out habitual mistake. The correct statement should be' word virtue'." Shen Bojun said very seriously. Shen Bojun believes that when describing historical figures like Zhang Fei in literary works, their surnames, first names and characters should be recorded directly in the history books and cannot be changed at will. This is completely different from organizing plots and shaping characters in art novels. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms has designed many wonderful plots in order to shape Zhang Fei's artistic image. Among them, the well-known stories such as "Du You with a Whip", "The Battle of Hulao Pass's Former Lu Bu" and "The Battle of Ma Chao at Night" are all fictional, artistic and often successful. Changing the font size will not help to shape the image, but will only cause undue mistakes. Shen Bojun analyzed that some people may change "righteousness" into "righteousness" without authorization, regardless of the explicit records in Historical Records. Character: Shen Bojun, male,/kloc-0 was born in Chongqing in April, 1946, and his ancestral home is Lujiang, Anhui. 1970 graduated from the Foreign Languages Department of Sichuan University. 1980 took the entrance examination of China Academy of Social Sciences, and was admitted to the Institute of Literature of Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences to study classical literature with the first place in Sichuan literature major. He is currently the director and researcher of the Institute of Literature, and concurrently the executive vice president and secretary general of the Romance Society of the Three Kingdoms in China, the director of the Chinese Popular Literature Society and the director of the Sichuan Institute of Three Kingdoms Culture. His main works are: Dictionary of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Collation of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Comments on Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Luo Guanzhong and Romance of the Three Kingdoms, etc. Among them, The Dictionary of Romance of the Three Kingdoms won the National Excellent Book Award for Ancient Books and published Japanese and Korean versions. Several collated versions of Romance of the Three Kingdoms are highly praised by academic circles at home and abroad, and are called "Romance of the Three Kingdoms". (Yunyuan Zhao Chen) Link to this website: Zhangfei Temple, regarded as a ghost cleaning during the Cultural Revolution, will welcome Mrs. Zhang Zhongxin.com 2002165438+1October 22nd, and Mrs. Zhang Fei will also be an "immigrant" of the Three Gorges Project. In March next year, Mrs. Zhang Fei will move into the rebuilt "Niangniang Temple". According to the chongqing morning post, authorities revealed yesterday that the statue of Xia Houdun is a colored glass fiber reinforced plastic statue with a height of 2.8m and a base of 80cm. A model sample has been drawn by a craft factory in Putian, Fujian, and the installation is expected to be completed in March next year. During the Cultural Revolution, Zhangfei Temple suffered unprecedented damage, and the statue of Xiahou was swept beyond recognition. Later, in the process of restoring Zhangfei Temple's cultural relics, Xiahou's image was never reshaped, but the "Empress Hall" was changed to "Piandian Hall". At present, when Zhangfei Temple moved into a new house, cultural relics workers decided to rebuild the "Queen's Temple" with the opportunity of immigration, so that Mrs. Zhang Fei and Zhang Fei could walk side by side to receive tourists.