What political parties do conservatism and liberalism refer to in the United States?

That’s the opposite. The main liberal party in the United States is the Democratic Party, and the conservative party is the Democratic Party.

Liberalism is a bourgeois political thought that emerged in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Liberals represented the interests of the emerging bourgeoisie in the United States and were committed to getting rid of the shackles of bourgeois vested interest groups and removing obstacles to the development of the United States. It was a progressive idea at the time.

Conservatism has a very long tradition, originating in Europe at the end of the 18th century. Conservatives represent the interests of vested interests. Since the United States has been controlled by the bourgeoisie since the founding of the country, conservative ideas have gradually become a tool for vested interest groups of the American bourgeoisie to safeguard their vested interests.