Ecological migration in Ningxia

From the national level, Ningxia's ecological migration strategy is an extension and innovation of the national main functional area planning strategy, which has overall and innovative significance. Our district is located in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, and it is one of the five ethnic minority areas in China. It is responsible for the ecological barrier in the west and the protection of water resources in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, and has an important strategic position in stabilizing the ecological system in the west, curbing desertification and building an important ecological security barrier in the west of the motherland. In addition, ecological migration can also promote the coordinated development and model innovation of different regions along the Yellow River in resource-rich areas and ecologically fragile areas, as well as the comprehensive ecological management of the Loess Plateau and the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, which is of great political significance and people's livelihood significance for improving the ecological environment and backward appearance in the western region. From a regional perspective, Ningxia's ecological migration strategy is an important practice in implementing the strategy of developing the western region in depth, which has forward-looking development significance. Promoting ecological migration in central and southern Ningxia and promoting the transfer and concentration of rural labor force to the urban belt along the Yellow River will not only help to improve the urbanization level of Ningxia and support the construction of the economic zone along the Yellow River, but also help to maintain and enhance the spatial balance of population, economy, resources and environment and the ability to provide ecological products. Considering the carrying capacity of space resources and environment according to the main functions of different regions, and improving the proportion of urban living space. It is also helpful to clarify the regional spatial development pattern, optimize the structure, improve the utilization rate, and enhance the coordination and sustainable development ability of regional development. From the perspective of Ningxia, the strategy of ecological migration in Ningxia is an urgent need to solve the healthy and coordinated development of urban and rural mountains and rivers in the economic zone along the Yellow River and the central and southern regions of Ningxia, and to achieve a well-off society in sync with the whole country, which has strong practical significance. As a national key development zone, Ningxia Economic Zone along the Yellow River is located in the northern part of the longitudinal axis of Bao Kun Passage in the national urbanization strategic pattern of "two horizontals and three verticals". Some areas along the Yellow River in Ningnan Mountain, with Yinchuan in Ningxia as the center and Guyuan as the sub-center, also carry important ecological functions such as wind prevention, sand fixation and water conservation. The implementation of ecological migration strategy in Ningxia is the fundamental way to make good use of two kinds of resources, build two regions, speed up the coordinated development of mountains, rivers and urban areas, "walk out of a unique development path in line with Ningxia's reality", build a well-off society in an all-round way and realize a new leap in Ningxia. As far as resources and environment are concerned, ecological migration in our region is scientific. In terms of natural resources, the economic zone along the Yellow River concentrates more than 90% of the region's water resources, and the grain output accounts for nearly 70% of the region. It is one of the four gravity irrigation areas, seven commodity grain bases and ten pastoral areas in China. In terms of social resources, relying on superior natural conditions and geographical advantages, the economic and social development level of the economic zone along the Yellow River is obviously higher than that of the central and southern regions. It is the political, economic and cultural center of Ningxia, which has the foundation and conditions to attract ecological immigrants to give priority to development. In terms of ecological environment, the economic zone along the Yellow River and the central and southern regions are interdependent and have complementary advantages. Accelerating the overall development of the economic zone along the Yellow River is not only conducive to improving the local ecological environment, but also conducive to reducing the population's pressure on the ecological environment. As far as development practice is concerned, ecological migration in our region is feasible. In recent years, our region has adhered to the combination of the key development along the Yellow River Economic Zone and the ecological resettlement project in Xihaigu area, and explored a successful way to coordinate urban and rural development: the role of the growth pole along the Yellow River Economic Zone has been further highlighted, with 43% of the land area carrying 60% of the population and creating more than 90% of GDP and fiscal revenue; Mountains and rivers have obvious * * * enjoyment orientation, which not only promotes the population transfer in the central and southern regions to the economic zone along the Yellow River, but also provides labor support for the development of the economic zone along the Yellow River, achieving mutual benefit and win-win; The function of serving and radiating the surrounding areas has been further enhanced, and the economic zone along the Yellow River has gradually become a regional commercial, financial, information and cultural center of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Mongolia. This is not only the realistic need of Ningxia's economic development, but also a strategic choice to expand regional cooperation and cultivate new competitive advantages. As far as realizing a well-off society is concerned, ecological migration in our region is imminent. At present, the per capita GDP and the per capita net income of urban residents and farmers in our region are only 85%, 82% and 79% of the national average. By 2020, to achieve the goal of a well-off society in sync with the whole country, the average annual growth rate of regional GDP and urban and rural residents' income should be above 12% respectively. To realize a well-off society in an all-round way in our region, the key and difficult point lies in the central and southern regions. Only by implementing the ecological migration project, optimizing and adjusting the layout of productive forces, driving a large number of population transfer in the central and southern regions, and coordinating the development of Ningxia along the Yellow River Economic Zone, can we realize the complementary advantages of mountains and rivers and regional coordinated development, promote the transformation of development mode, build a harmonious society, and realize an all-round well-off society.