What role does IGRA tuberculosis have?

The theoretical basis of TB-IGRA-the principle of T cell immunity

Working principle: After the human body is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the specific lymphocytes in the blood will produce and secrete the corresponding cytokine interferon G when they contact the specific antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis again. Through the quantitative detection of this cytokine, the infection state of the disease can be judged. To judge the risk of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. According to this principle, ESAT-6 and CFP- 10, which are found in mycobacterium tuberculosis but not in BCG and most non-tuberculous mycobacteria, are selected as the specific antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis, which are fully mixed with fresh heparin sodium anticoagulated whole blood or PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) for incubation, and then the release of specific g- interferon is detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunospot method. Results The results were not interfered by BCG, which improved the specificity of the results.

Application status of IGRA for tuberculosis;

IGRA technology is the latest in-vitro immunodiagnosis method of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the world.

In North America, Europe and Japan, it has been widely used in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, including the auxiliary diagnosis of tuberculosis. Screening of high-risk groups; Public health emergencies; Physical examination, etc. (including infertile people);

The United States and Japan have written this technology into their guiding principles for tuberculosis prevention and control.

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Tuberculosis may invade various organs of the human body, but it mainly invades the lungs and causes tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract, but also through the digestive tract, and a few are infected through skin wounds. Respiratory transmission is the most common and important route. Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (mainly cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis) excrete a large number of droplets with bacteria from the respiratory tract. Inhaling these droplets with bacteria can cause infection. Droplets less than 5μm in diameter can reach alveoli, so they are the most pathogenic.

Historically, Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been widely spread around the world, causing hundreds of millions of deaths, known as the white plague. Judging from the characteristics of high infection rate, high prevalence rate, high drug resistance rate and high mortality rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, although the government has invested some money in tuberculosis prevention and treatment, it will still bring certain economic pressure to the families of tuberculosis patients. Therefore, tuberculosis is still the main disease leading to poverty and returning to poverty due to illness. In order to raise people's awareness of tuberculosis, the World Health Organization designated March 24th as World Tuberculosis Day.