Bullshit! Don't you know the famous Tongguan in history?

The battle of Nanyuan in Tongguan was a large-scale war between Li Zicheng, the conqueror in the late Ming Dynasty, and the Ming army. In this battle, Li Zicheng was almost completely annihilated, leaving only 18 to break through and escape into Shangluo Mountain (now southwest Shaanxi).

pass by

Yang Sichang, the minister of the Ministry of War in the tenth year of Chongzhen, made a plan of "four sides, six corners and ten sides". In September of that year, Li Zicheng was ambushed by Cao Bianjiao in Hanzhong and had to retreat to Sichuan. Later, he went to Zitong and Jianzhou for activities. Hong Chengchou analyzed that Li Zicheng was poor and had to leave Tongguan and go east to Henan. Hong Chengchou ordered Sun Chuanting to set a triple ambush in Nanyuan, Tongguan. In the spring and February of the 11th year of Chongzhen, Cao Bianjiao and others forced Li Zicheng to enter Tongguan. In this campaign, Li Zicheng was completely annihilated. Local residents "clubbed to death, Qin thief was exhausted." In the end, they only took eighteen riders to break through and fled into Shangluo Mountain.

Cao Cao defeated Ma Chao in Tongguan.

In March of the 16th year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (2 1 1), Cao Cao, as the prime minister, sent a captain Zhong You to attack Zhang Lu (the leader of Tianshidao) who was entrenched in Hanzhong. At the same time, the Western Imperial Xia was ordered to lead the troops out of Hedong, nominally to meet Zhong You and * * * to crusade against Zhang Lu. In fact, he is going to cross the Yellow River to enter the customs, and to crusade against Ma Chao and Han Sui who occupied Guanzhong. Gao Rou, the official in charge of the warehouse, suggested to Cao Cao that if our army marched westward, Han Sui and Ma Chao would suspect that they were attacking, and they would certainly incite each other and unite. We should first eliminate Ma Chao, Han Sui and other forces and pacify Guanzhong. If Guanzhong surrenders, Hanzhong area can be easily settled. Cao Cao didn't take Gao Rou's advice, because Ma Chao, Han Sui and others were nominal generals of the imperial court at that time, and they didn't rebel against the imperial court. Cao Cao has no reason to crusade against them. He will force Ma Chao, Han Sui and others to revolt by marching into Guanzhong, and then make a famous crusade against them.

Guanzhong generals include Ma Chao, Han Sui, Yang Qiu, Li Kan and Cheng Yi. When they got the news that Cao Cao had marched into Guanzhong, they were really suspicious of his excuse of "going to get Zhang Lu", so they joined forces to resist Cao Cao. They enlisted 100,000 troops, divided the Guanzhong and defended Tongguan. As the prime minister of the imperial court, resisting Cao Cao is of course a rebellion against the imperial court. In this way, Cao Cao justifiably crusaded against Ma Chao and Han Sui.

In August, Cao Cao led the main force to approach Tongguan and confronted Ma Chao and other troops across the customs. Cao Cao pretended to attack Tongguan with most of his troops to attract Ma Chao, but sent Huang Xu and Zhu Linger to secretly lead 4,000 infantry and cavalry to sneak into the Yellow River from Puban (now west of Yongji County, Shanxi Province) and occupy the area west of the Yellow River. In August, Cao Cao led an army to cross the Yellow River from Tongguan to the north. He ordered the troops to cross the river first, and he and 100 soldiers outflanked the south bank. Ma Chao marched and more than ten thousand cavalry attacked Cao Cao. Arrows rained down, and Cao Cao sat motionless on the marching stool. General Chu Xu helped Cao Cao get on the boat, and the boatman was shot dead by an arrow. At this time, Chu Xu blocked the arrow for Cao Cao with one hand on the saddle and rowed with the other. At this critical juncture, Ding Fei, a captain, released many horses and cattle to lure Ma Chaojun. Ma Chao's troops were immediately in chaos, scrambling to grab cattle and horses, and Cao Cao took the opportunity to cross the Yellow River and head north. Then cross the Yellow River from Puban West and push south along the west bank of the Yellow River. Ma Chao and others retreated to the Weihe River mouth to resist Cao Cao. Cao Cao set up suspicious soldiers everywhere, deceiving each other, and secretly made the troops set up a pontoon bridge on the Weihe River. In the evening, Jun camped on the south bank of Weihe River. Ma Chao sent troops to sneak attack at night and was defeated by Cao Cao's ambush. Ma Chao sent someone to make peace with Cao Cao, who refused on the condition of ceding Hexi territory.

In September, Cao Cao's whole army crossed the Weihe River. Ma Chao challenged Cao Jun many times, and Cao Jun always stayed in the camp and gave up without a fight. Ma Chao was helpless, and once again asked for peace by dividing the fields, and expressed his willingness to give his children to Cao Ying as collateral. Counselor Jia Xu said, you can pretend to promise. Cao Cao asked him why, and he said, "The purpose is to alienate them." Cao Cao adopted Jia Xu's plan.

The fathers of Cao Cao and Han Sui were promoted to filial piety in the same year before, and they also served as officials and had contacts with Han Sui. Because of this relationship, Han Sui asked to meet Cao Cao, and Cao Cao agreed. Between the two armies, Cao Cao and Han Sui rode to meet each other. Neither of them got off the horse and chatted for a while, not involving war, but talking about the past in Luoyang, Kyoto. With that, Cao Cao clapped his hands and laughed. At this time, many people under Han Sui crowded over to see Cao Cao. Cao Cao smiled and said to them, "Do you want to see me? I am also an ordinary person. I have no four eyes and two mouths. I'm just more original. "

When Han Sui came back, Ma Chao asked him what he had talked with Cao Cao. Han Sui said nothing, and Ma Chao became suspicious of him. Immediately, Cao Cao wrote a letter to Han Sui, deliberately changing many words. Ma Chao learned of Cao Cao's letter and asked to see it; At first glance, some words have been altered. I thought it was Han Sui. I don't know some secrets, so I'm more suspicious of Han Sui.

Since then, Cao Cao has set a date to fight with Ma Chao. First, we beat Ma Chaojun with light foot soldiers. After being bruised by the other side's spirit, he immediately sent powerful cavalry to attack from both sides, defeated Ma Chaojun and others, beheaded Cheng Yi and Li Kan, Han Sui and Ma Chao fled to Liangzhou (now located in Zhangjiachuan County, Gansu Province), and Yang Qiu fled to Anding. Guanzhong area became Cao Cao's territory.

In 756, the Tang Dynasty commanded 200,000 troops of Ge Shuhan to guard Tongguan. Xuanzong listened to Yang's slanders and forced Geshuhan to go to war, but he was defeated by the anti-army An Lushan. An Lushan occupied Tongguan in the west, and Emperor Xuanzong fled in the west. In 880, the Huang Chao Uprising Army marched from Luoyang to Tongguan, and Tian, the leader of the Tang Dynasty, defended Tongguan with 65,438+10,000 troops. Unexpectedly, the rebels sneaked into the forbidden ditch, seized Tongguan and took Chang 'an directly.

At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang breached Tongguan, thus stabilizing Shaanxi and Gansu.

During the War of Liberation, Chen Geng and Xie Fuzhi Corps defeated the Kuomintang troops in Tongguan and opened up the Henan, Shaanxi and Hubei base areas. Up to now, many villages in Tongguan have been named after "Army" and "Camp".