Brief introduction to Franklin's biography

Franklin also paid great attention to his own creation in his later years. He was the representative of this library in London during 1760- 1765.

The significance of Franklin's pioneering work goes far beyond the scope of the enlightenment education movement. In his later years, he had ample basis to say that this group "was the founder of all donated libraries in North America, and there are so many now. This is a great event, and with the passage of time, its significance is getting bigger and bigger. These libraries have broadened the horizons of the people of North America, made ordinary businessmen and farmers so knowledgeable, and, like most gentlemen in other countries, perhaps promoted the kind of resistance that all our colonies have in defending their privileges to some extent. "

It is impossible to disagree with Franklin's statements. The outbreak of the American Revolution was not a natural act of immigrants' anger at the rape of the British royal family. Apart from many revolutionary conditions, the reason why the revolution can start is that the advanced ideas of the United States have carried out certain social and political work and mobilized everything to fight for the liberation of the colonies in one way or another. Libraries that signed up for donations played a particularly important role in spreading new ideas, and their number was considerable in the early days of the 1775… 1783 revolution.

Franklin had to conflict with some difficulties when building the library, even with several hostile reactionaries. He tried to recruit voluntary donors. Franklin soon discovered that in many cases, such strong opposition was due to the wrong impression it formed. That is, he was born to be the initiator of this pioneering work higher than the people around him. So he changed his strategy. "I," Franklin recalled, "stood in the dark as much as possible, thinking that my draft was the result of many friends who asked me to bypass what they thought was a reading enthusiast and present it to them, so that things would be smoother."

Franklin was an outstanding economist at that time. He knew earlier than others in America that slaves were inefficient and therefore uneconomical. He clearly knows that his compatriots are pragmatic and enterprising, so he obviously appeals to their economic interests rather than moral considerations. Probably the economic interest comes first. So he has a full understanding of the moral standards of American slave owners and will never overestimate them.

Franklin made a ruthless evaluation of the slave owners. In his article to those who are going to emigrate to the United States, he wrote for those who believe that the United States is a "fool's paradise", where "the streets are covered with white buns, the houses are covered with pancakes, and fried chicken flies everywhere, shouting' Come and eat me! -,,,,Naive people give up their illusions. Franklin wrote, Come to America.

One should be prepared to fall into a slave country. "People," he wrote; "As a black man said, they often repeat these words, saying that Bao Calora forced black people to work, forced horses to work, forced cattle to work, and forced everything to work. Pigs don't work except pigs. They eat, drink, play and sleep. They can live like gentlemen if they want. This kind of evaluation of whites, especially from the mouth of blacks, is a fatal humiliation to the entire slave-owner tribe.

Franklin, who loves labor very much, thinks that slave owners rely on black labor to build their own happiness, thus completely losing their creative activities. As a result, people began to degenerate and morally corrupt, and such a way of life has no right to exist.

The American revolution and the colonial liberation war did not eliminate slavery as an economic system. As a result of the war, slavery was abolished in the north, because it was unprofitable without the necessary economic foundation for its own development. As for the southern States, poisonous flowers grew here soon after the revolution. No matter how absurd, the bourgeois revolution in the United States gave a strong impetus to the industrial development, including the textile industry, and provided an economic premise for the rapid development of agricultural slavery in the south. Franklin and other progressive activists of the American revolution tried to completely abolish the shameful legacy of the past, but Franklin believed that its elimination was inevitable. Therefore, he became the founder of the Pennsylvania Abolitionist Association, whose purpose was to liberate black slaves. In his later years when he was seriously ill, he had time and energy to lead the work of this association.

As its chairman.

Franklin even envisaged solving the problem of establishing free blacks in American society in the future. This is not empty talk, nor is it the fantasy of a dreamer who is over eighty years old. Almost a hundred years later, when black slavery was eliminated after four years of hard and bloody civil war 186 1- 1865, how to treat free blacks has indeed become a serious social, economic and political problem.

Shortly before his death on 10-9, Franklin wrote in the name of Pennsylvania Abolition Association:

"Slavery is a cruel trampling on human nature. If it is not carefully eradicated, it will sometimes become the source of serious evil."

"Unfortunate people who have been treated as animals for a long time tend to degenerate and lose their dignity as human beings. The heavy shackles that bound his body also imprisoned his intelligence and weakened his spiritual attachment to society. "

Franklin wrote that the system of measures for liberation should be carefully considered, so that liberation would not become a mere formality as what really happened in 1863. He proved that blacks must obtain the same economic and political rights as whites and become full members of American society. Franklin believed that after the liberation of slaves, a "supervisory committee should be set up, which will supervise the morality, behavior and general situation of freed slaves, give them advice and instructions, protect them from unfair treatment, and give them other friendly help."

Significantly, after the liberation of blacks, the Liberator's Committee was established to carry out such tasks.

Franklin pointed out that it is completely in line with the purpose to create the necessary conditions for liberated slaves, "so that they can learn a certain profession or other things to obtain a means of survival." ……

Directory:

Boston

Philadelphia

London

Back to the motherland

* * * book club

Printers and publishers

"I started thinking about activities on the social stage."

army life

Franklin's humanitarianism

Scholars and scholars

Religious view

Diplomatic missions in Britain

A year in the circle of family and friends.

North America embarked on the road of the war of independence.