Geography is fast! !

According to legend, a long time ago, Mount Everest in the Himalayas was once the sea of Wang Yang, called the Himalayan Sea. The seaside is full of grass and flowers, the tall trees are full of fruits, the Woods are full of wild animals and birds are singing. This is a beautiful and rich place.

Then a group of monsters came here to make waves. They chase wild animals, drive away hundreds of birds, trample on forests and make the fish in the sea restless. The victims United and complained to the East Sea Dragon King. The Dragon King immediately sent his little daughter, Everest, to surrender the monster. The goddess Qomolangma caught these monsters one by one and pressed them under the rocks taken out of the East China Sea. The magic of these monsters is so great that no stone can be suppressed, so the goddess Everest kept piling stones to become the highest mountain in the world before subduing these monsters. In order to change the barren environment on the reef, the goddess sprinkled trees, flowers and seeds on the hillside, making it a place with lush vegetation, thousands of animals and flowers. In order to thank the goddess for her merits, flowers, birds and animals held a celebration party for the goddess, at which everyone unanimously demanded that the goddess stay on earth forever. The goddess Qomolangma is also very attached to the beauty of the world, so she turned into a mountain peak and stood on the Himalayas all the year round, looking at the world and protecting all animals and plants from monsters.

According to geologists' scientific investigation and study, Mount Qomolangma at the top of the earth turned out to be a sea of Wang Yang, called the Himalayan Sea. 1966, scientists in China discovered Himalayan ichthyosaur fossils during their scientific investigation near Mount Everest. 1975 also discovered Chiroptera fossils from China, which ruled the ocean 200-300 million years ago, indicating that the Mount Everest region has a history of oceans.

Mount Everest was originally a part of the ancient Mediterranean. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the formation of Himalayas is the result of collision between Indian plate and Eurasian plate. It turns out that the Indian plate is at the southeast end of the African plate, separated from the Eurasian plate by the ancient Mediterranean Sea. Due to the expansion of the Indian Ocean floor, the Indian plate has been drifting northward. About 20-30 million years ago, the Indian plate collided with the Eurasian plate, and the Indian plate was obliquely inserted under the Eurasian plate, which was violently squeezed to produce folds and swelled into mountains, thus forming the youngest and highest Himalayas on earth. Up to now, the Indian plate is still moving northward, and the Himalayas are still rising.

The historical changes of the Himalayas are important examples of crustal movement, land and sea changes, vicissitudes of life and plate movements. The folklore of the goddess's demon-dropping implies the great changes in this geographical environment.

The mysterious Bermuda Triangle

1968 In September, a "C 132" passenger plane suddenly crashed into the sea while flying in a clear sky, killing all 27 people on board. 1973 In March, a motorboat sailed on a calm sea and sank into the sea instantly, leaving 32 people on board dead. The above shipwreck is just one of two cases that occurred in the triangular waters near Bermuda. Here, people call it the "death triangle" because ships and planes have been robbed again and again. At that time, there were different opinions and questions, which made people puzzled. So, what is the mysterious Bermuda Triangle?

The "Death Triangle" is located between Bermuda, straits of florida and Puerto Rico at the eastern end of the Greater Antilles on the west side of the Atlantic Ocean. Most of them are located between 20 and 30 north latitude and belong to the north tropics. It is mainly controlled by tropical air mass throughout the year, and the northeast trade wind prevails. There are many tropical hurricanes in summer and autumn, and the wind roars, often forming a water wall with a height above 10 meter. In addition, you can often encounter sea tornadoes, which can suck seawater to a height of several thousand meters and cast a terrible shadow on the navigation cover.

The "Death Triangle" sea area is located on the northern edge of the crustal fault zone between North and South America, where volcanic and seismic activities are very strong and the seabed topography is very complicated. Below the "death triangle", most of them are North Asian-American basins with a depth of less than 6000 meters; In the north, it is the Bermuda Plateau protruding from the Sichali Basin; in the west and southwest, it is a vast continental shelf close to the mainland and islands; in the south, it is the Puerto Rico Trench with a depth of 9215m.

Near the "Death Triangle", there are obviously prominent peninsulas such as Florida Peninsula and Yucatan Peninsula, as well as a relatively closed bay surrounded by peninsulas-the Gulf of Mexico, and there are many islands and straits: Bahamas, Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, etc. 1 200-odd islands. These islands face the vast Atlantic Ocean, shielding the Caribbean Sea and greatly increasing the complexity of ocean currents. The Atlantic North Equatorial Warm Current turns northwest near the Antilles and crosses the "Death Triangle" sea area. In addition, the Florida current flowing through straits of florida from the Gulf of Mexico is very strong, with a width of150km and a depth of 800m, and a daily velocity of130 ~150km. Such a "mighty army" also crossed the "triangle of death" sea area. In short, the ocean currents in the "Death Triangle" sea area are complex, strong and fast, and the wrecked planes and ships will be swept away by powerful ocean currents even if they don't sink to the bottom of the sea. It gives people the illusion that there are no fragments left and they disappear mysteriously. Also, the "Death Triangle" sea area is a part of the sargasso sea, and the sea surface is covered with brown algae, mainly Sargassum, which is not conducive to navigation.

The "Death Triangle" sea area is located in the northeast of Panama Isthmus, and it is the only place where the eastern coast of Western Europe, North Africa and North America pass through the Panama Canal. In the past, there was an endless stream of ships and heavy sea traffic. In addition, the Bahamas is a tourist attraction with beautiful scenery and mild climate. It is inevitable that many people will come here on their own yachts or private jets for holidays.

If we fully consider these factors and make a thorough and detailed analysis according to the specific situation of each accident, we will not feel mysterious about the events in the "Death Triangle" waters, but one thing is certain: there will be no supernatural phenomena in the past, present and future. As for various hypotheses put forward by some scholars, for example, the disappearance of Bermuda Triangle is caused by flying saucers, and natural laser will make ships and planes disappear. They are untenable.

1990, Wayne Dunlap, an American marine basic engineering expert, discovered that the seabed of Bermuda Triangle is rich in natural gas and oil, and high-pressure oil and gas is the "dead hole" of frequent robbers. It turned out that he found that a large number of strange hydrates often floated in Bermuda waters, and these hydrates were easily gasified. To this end, he did an experiment. In a small area, he detected 5 million cubic meters of gas that suddenly overflowed in a few minutes, which later proved to be natural gas. He said: For millions of years, plants and animals deposited on the seabed here have rotted and fermented, forming a large area of gas fields and oil fields. Under the special conditions of high pressure and extreme cold in this area, water molecules and natural gas molecules in seawater combine under pressure to crystallize into ice-like hydrate and store it on the sea surface, water and seabed. When the pressure decreases slightly or the temperature increases slightly, the hydrate will dissolve and release a large amount of natural gas instantly. As hydrate expands during melting, seawater boils, and air clouds cover the sun. When the ship passed by, the seawater whose specific gravity suddenly decreased could not bear the weight of the hull and sank to the bottom of the sea. When the plane was over the Bermuda Triangle, due to the massive release of natural gas, the engine lacked oxygen and gradually turned off. The exhaust gas with Mars discharged from its tail will ignite the natural gas rising from the sea surface, making the falling objects suddenly turn into flames.

2. Burning Gourd Valley and Cyclone

In the later period of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang made a northern expedition to the Central Plains and visited Qishan six times. Sima Yi and Wei Jun were once trapped in Huluyu. There are fires all over the mountain, trying to burn all the enemies to death. Sima and his son couldn't escape this fate, crying to die. Unexpectedly, a sudden heavy rain doused the mountain fire, and Sima survived. In fact, the rain was not "providence", but Zhuge Liang himself. The raging fire caused the air near the mountain area to heat up and the air pressure to decrease. Cyclone is formed in the low pressure area, and it rains in the center due to the rising, cooling and condensation of air. That is to say, there was cyclone rainfall in Huluyu. Although Zhuge Liang is familiar with astronomy and geography, he lacks modern scientific knowledge and doesn't know what a cyclone is. Otherwise, he may use other tactics to annihilate Wei Jun.

3. Take advantage of the east wind and monsoon

On the eve of Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhou Yu sent troops to attack Huang Gai. Offering a series of stratagems to set Cao Jun on fire, I suddenly remembered that I had neglected a major event and was very ill. Zhuge Liang took the opportunity of visiting the sick to point out that Zhou Yu's illness was "only caused by the east wind" and promised to borrow the east wind to help him. Why does Zhou Yu "owe" Dongfeng? Because the ancient battlefield of Chibi lies in the monsoon region of eastern China. It was the middle of winter, the northwest wind prevailed, and the southeast wind rarely blew. Cao Ying is in Jiangbei and Soochow is in Jiangnan. Attacking with fire will burn your home. Zhou Yu's anxiety is reasonable and in line with the climate law. The so-called "borrowing from the east wind" is actually Zhuge Liang's prediction of short-term weather anomalies around winter, which is just a mystery. Concepts such as monsoon, climate and weather can be naturally derived from this story.

4. German submarines and density current

During World War II, German submarines often entered and exited the Strait of Gibraltar from the Mediterranean and attacked the allied forces in the Atlantic Ocean. After several losses, the allies sent warships to guard the strait and listened with sonar. They plan to blow up the submarine with a depth charge as soon as they hear the motor sound. After listening for many days, there was no sound, but the German submarine slipped out of the strait and appeared in the Atlantic Ocean. It turns out that the surface seawater of the Gibraltar Strait flows from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, and the bottom seawater flows from the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean. The Germans took advantage of this. When crossing the Strait of Gibraltar, they turned off all the machines and walked with the help of the current. The allies waited for the rabbit, but let it slip under their noses. This ocean current belongs to the density current, and its causes can be introduced into the content to be studied in the textbook.

Step 5 look for stone beasts and water erosion

Ji Yun, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, recorded in Notes of Yuewei Caotang that the stone beast in front of a land temple fell into the river due to the collapse of the riverbank. Ten years later, the mountain gate was rebuilt to look for stone beasts, but it was not at the original drowning person's place or downstream. A veteran said he wanted to look upstream, and as he said, he fished out the stone beast. Why do stone beasts "run" upstream? The reason is that the stone beast forms resistance to the water flow after falling into the water, which makes the surrounding water flow faster and stronger, and the sediment on the lower side facing the water flow is gradually washed away by the water flow and becomes a cavity. For a long time, the stone beast fell in the direction of water flow due to gravity, and moved upward repeatedly. It can be seen that the veteran's judgment is correct, and the erosion and handling of running water enable stone beasts to "sail against the current".

6. Gulf War and Natural Belt

In the invasion war and the Gulf War, the United States played the trump card of the air force, but the result was the opposite. Apart from political reasons, the difference in natural environment between the two places is a very important reason. Vietnam is located in the tropical monsoon rainforest belt. Along the "Ho Chi Minh Trail", the forest covers the sky and the rugged mountain terrain makes it difficult to observe the military dynamics on the ground from the air. The use of electronic surveillance and other high-tech means by the US military to determine the bombing target has also had little effect. However, most of Iraq and Kuwait are tropical deserts with flat surface and sparse vegetation. In the face of the "carpet" bombing by multinational forces, the Iraqi army had nothing to hide, only to be beaten, its combat effectiveness was seriously damaged and it was doomed to failure. It can be seen that the natural belt and terrain have an objective impact on the air raid war.

Titanic was once proudly called "unsinkable ship" in the history of world navigation, equivalent to the length of three and a half residential buildings, and was praised as "the city on the sea" by the European and American press. 191April 15, it was carrying 2207 passengers and crew on its maiden voyage and collided with the same floating iceberg for only 12 seconds, resulting in the tragedy of 15 13 passengers being killed. This brilliant maiden voyage brought it the bad luck of being buried at the bottom of the sea.

Titanic set sail for new york from Southampton, England on April 19 12. The wealthy businessman Dajia and British and American celebrities who boarded the ship want to spend a wonderful week on this brand-new miracle ship. Below the deck, there are hundreds of immigrants living in the lower cabin. They want to cross the Atlantic and start a new life on the other side.

The first few days passed safely, but on the fourth day, the operator received an emergency telegram from the ship sailing ahead, reminding them that the iceberg was floating abnormally south and had reached the nearby sea area. On Sunday, April 14, Titanic received an urgent telegram with the same content. However, these warnings were not taken seriously by the arrogant crew. The first alarm was thrown aside and was not reported to the captain for several hours. The next two times were never sent to the command room. Just after dusk, the temperature began to plummet. Although the signs of iceberg approaching are very obvious, Titanic neither changed course nor slowed down.

After nightfall, Captain edward smith began to look for icebergs. At 23: 40, the lookout first found the iceberg, and the duty officer ordered a sharp turn to the right chord. But it's too late. The iceberg knocked the outer wall of the ship's string open a gap 100 meter long. Most passengers only felt a slight vibration, which hardly attracted anyone's attention, but the engineers on board decided that the ship was hopeless after inspection. They think that if there are only four water tanks on board 16, the ship can still float on the water, but unfortunately, the outer walls of the five bottom tanks are torn by icebergs. Most of the passengers in the third class got up because the floor of their room had been flooded by the sea. The operator uses Morse code to send out the latest SOS distress signal, which is the first time to use this signal in a shipwreck. At midnight 12: 05, according to the captain's order, the lifeboat began to launch.

Passengers don't know that all lifeboats have only 1 178 seats, which can only accommodate half of the total number of people, but according to the laws at that time, this life-saving condition is quite sufficient. At first, the passengers did not panic. They don't believe there will be any danger at all, because the Titanic is unsinkable! It was not until the hull tilted dangerously that they lost their previous composure. Women and children leave the ship first. The first-class passengers boarded the lifeboat first, and only four women were killed in the shipwreck. Of the 272 women in second class and third class, only 96 survived. At one time, the door of the third-class cabin leading to the deck was even locked to prevent the passengers below from rushing onto the deck. On the increasingly inclined deck, the band has been playing the music of the mob.

At 2: 40 in the morning, the Titanic almost stood upright in the water, and then plunged into the Atlantic Ocean at a depth of 3,000 meters. The immigrants who stayed in the dark cabin were buried at the bottom of the sea with the Titanic, and all the people on the deck were thrown into the cold sea, which became the funerary objects of the famous shipwreck in this ice sea.

The iceberg that led to the sinking of this luxury ship is actually not a mysterious thing, but a huge piece of ice floating in the polar waters. Every spring and summer, it is formed by the rupture of polar ocean ice due to rising temperature, and gradually disappears when drifting to temperate and tropical regions. Their size varies greatly, and large icebergs can reach several kilometers long. Such a behemoth is a great threat to maritime navigation.

The sinking of Titanic shows that the power of nature is enormous, and human beings must not be blind and arrogant. We must pay enough attention to various natural phenomena, otherwise tragedy will be inevitable.

The mysterious Bermuda Triangle

1968 In September, a "C 132" passenger plane suddenly crashed into the sea while flying in a clear sky, killing all 27 people on board. 1973 In March, a motorboat sailed on a calm sea and sank into the sea instantly, leaving 32 people on board dead. The above shipwreck is just one of two cases that occurred in the triangular waters near Bermuda. Here, people call it the "death triangle" because ships and planes have been robbed again and again. At that time, there were different opinions and questions, which made people puzzled. So, what is the mysterious Bermuda Triangle?

The "Death Triangle" is located between Bermuda, straits of florida and Puerto Rico at the eastern end of the Greater Antilles on the west side of the Atlantic Ocean. Most of them are located between 20 and 30 north latitude and belong to the north tropics. It is mainly controlled by tropical air mass throughout the year, and the northeast trade wind prevails. There are many tropical hurricanes in summer and autumn, and the wind roars, often forming a water wall with a height above 10 meter. In addition, you can often encounter sea tornadoes, which can suck seawater to a height of several thousand meters and cast a terrible shadow on the navigation cover.

The "Death Triangle" sea area is located on the northern edge of the crustal fault zone between North and South America, where volcanic and seismic activities are very strong and the seabed topography is very complicated. Below the "death triangle", most of them are North Asian-American basins with a depth of less than 6000 meters; In the north, it is the Bermuda Plateau protruding from the Sichali Basin; in the west and southwest, it is a vast continental shelf close to the mainland and islands; in the south, it is the Puerto Rico Trench with a depth of 9215m.

Near the "Death Triangle", there are obviously prominent peninsulas such as Florida Peninsula and Yucatan Peninsula, as well as a relatively closed bay surrounded by peninsulas-the Gulf of Mexico, and there are many islands and straits: Bahamas, Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, etc. 1 200-odd islands. These islands face the vast Atlantic Ocean, shielding the Caribbean Sea and greatly increasing the complexity of ocean currents. The Atlantic North Equatorial Warm Current turns northwest near the Antilles and crosses the "Death Triangle" sea area. In addition, the Florida current flowing through straits of florida from the Gulf of Mexico is very strong, with a width of150km and a depth of 800m, and a daily velocity of130 ~150km. Such a "mighty army" also crossed the "triangle of death" sea area. In short, the ocean currents in the "Death Triangle" sea area are complex, strong and fast, and the wrecked planes and ships will be swept away by powerful ocean currents even if they don't sink to the bottom of the sea. It gives people the illusion that there are no fragments left and they disappear mysteriously. Also, the "Death Triangle" sea area is a part of the sargasso sea, and the sea surface is covered with brown algae, mainly Sargassum, which is not conducive to navigation.

The "Death Triangle" sea area is located in the northeast of Panama Isthmus, and it is the only place where the eastern coast of Western Europe, North Africa and North America pass through the Panama Canal. In the past, there was an endless stream of ships and heavy sea traffic. In addition, the Bahamas is a tourist attraction with beautiful scenery and mild climate. It is inevitable that many people will come here on their own yachts or private jets for holidays.

If we fully consider these factors and make a thorough and detailed analysis according to the specific situation of each accident, we will not feel mysterious about the events in the "Death Triangle" waters, but one thing is certain: there will be no supernatural phenomena in the past, present and future. As for various hypotheses put forward by some scholars, for example, the disappearance of Bermuda Triangle is caused by flying saucers, and natural laser will make ships and planes disappear. They are untenable.

1990, Wayne Dunlap, an American marine basic engineering expert, discovered that the seabed of Bermuda Triangle is rich in natural gas and oil, and high-pressure oil and gas is the "dead hole" of frequent robbers. It turned out that he found that a large number of strange hydrates often floated in Bermuda waters, and these hydrates were easily gasified. To this end, he did an experiment. In a small area, he detected 5 million cubic meters of gas that suddenly overflowed in a few minutes, which later proved to be natural gas. He said: For millions of years, plants and animals deposited on the seabed here have rotted and fermented, forming a large area of gas fields and oil fields. Under the special conditions of high pressure and extreme cold in this area, water molecules and natural gas molecules in seawater combine under pressure to crystallize into ice-like hydrate and store it on the sea surface, water and seabed. When the pressure decreases slightly or the temperature increases slightly, the hydrate will dissolve and release a large amount of natural gas instantly. As hydrate expands during melting, seawater boils, and air clouds cover the sun. When the ship passed by, the seawater whose specific gravity suddenly decreased could not bear the weight of the hull and sank to the bottom of the sea. When the plane was over the Bermuda Triangle, due to the massive release of natural gas, the engine lacked oxygen and gradually turned off. The exhaust gas with Mars discharged from its tail will ignite the natural gas rising from the sea surface, making the falling objects suddenly turn into flames.