What are the humanities in Wudi?

Question 1: What does Wu culture include? Wu culture is the abbreviation of Wu regional culture. It generally refers to all the achievements of material civilization and spiritual civilization created by Wu from ancient times to the present. Wu culture is based on the pre-Wu and Wu culture, and developed through the Warring States, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and reached its peak in the Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties. In the Qing Dynasty and modern times, with the decline of China's feudal society and the development of capitalism, Wu culture began to transform from traditional cultural stereotypes to modern culture.

Historical achievements of Wu culture

Suzhou is located in the Yangtze River Delta and is the historical center of Wu culture. In this unique land, our ancestors used their diligence and wisdom to Created cultural achievements that are admired and noticed by the world. From a material perspective: there is the ancient city of Suzhou, which was called "uncanny workmanship" by the French Enlightenment master Montesquieu, and the water alley style formed on its basis; there is the "Wu Ge" that impressed the famous patriotic poet Qu Yuan; there are the ingenious quilts The classical gardens listed as world cultural heritage include magnificent silks, "Suzhou embroidery" which is one of the four famous embroideries in the country, the simple and dignified "Xiangshan Gang" buildings, and the exquisite and elegant Wuzhong craftsmanship. From a cultural perspective: there is Kun Opera, the "ancestor of all operas", Suzhou Pingtan, which is known as the most beautiful voice in China, Wumen School of Painting, which has numerous famous artists, and peach blossoms, which are historically known as "South Peach and North Yang". Wu wood carving New Year pictures, etc. These dazzling cultural achievements are not only Suzhou's historic and representative contribution to the development of Wu culture, but also Suzhou's unique and outstanding contribution to Chinese culture.

Question 2: Discuss the characteristics of etiquette and customs in Wudi, and give examples of their uniqueness. Wudi is located in the Taihu Basin of the "Yangtze River Delta", with thousands of miles of fertile land. It has the advantage of time and place. For thousands of years, its economy and culture have been relatively developed and prosperous. It has pioneered in many aspects and is at the forefront of the country. "A place with water and soil supports a person." "The folk customs of Wudi have the following main characteristics: the folk customs of Wudi contain, collect, absorb, and integrate multiple cultural elements, making it inclusive and large, and the humanistic spirit more profound and bright. "Wu Zhizhi knew etiquette, and his uncle changed his customs." This is a scientific conclusion made by Wang Chong, a great scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty, in "Lunheng" about the "qualitative" changes in Wu's folk customs. Since Taibo, Wudi has changed its past customs of "valuing martial arts and neglecting death" and began to accept the folk customs of the birthplace of the Central Plains civilization with etiquette as the core, "valuing etiquette and worshiping literature", as well as some other folk customs from outside the region, and tolerated non-local people. Folk custom factors. For example, the Dragon Boat Festival in Wudi folk custom is particularly inclusive. According to Mr. Wen Yiduo's research in "Dragon Boat Festival Examination" and "Historical Education of Dragon Boat Festival", the Dragon Boat Festival originated from the ancient Wuyue people's attachment to dragon totems. For major totem sacrifices, racing on a canoe carved with a dragon is a folk custom to entertain the gods and the body. Mr. Zhong Jingwen also believes in the article "Historical Issues and Future Work of Folklore" that eating rice dumplings, rowing dragon boats, etc. on the Dragon Boat Festival. The custom was originally a witchcraft and religious activity in Wudi to send away plague and evil spirits. It had no significance in commemorating historical figures such as Qu Yuan or Wu Zixu. However, people in Wudi no longer satisfied the purpose of the original festival, so they later commemorated it. The nature of patriotic heroes. Obviously, this is due to the absorption of the humanistic spirit of Jingchu folk customs.

Question 3: What do Wu culture and Wu culture mean? , it generally refers to all the achievements of material civilization and spiritual civilization created by Wu from ancient times to the present. Wu culture is based on the pre-Wu and Wu culture, and developed through the Warring States, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Sui Dynasties. It reached its peak in the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties. In the Qing Dynasty and modern times, with the decline of China's feudal society and the development of capitalism, Wu culture began to transform from traditional culture to modern culture.

Trouble. Accepted, thank you!

Question 4: What is the geographical scope of "Wu" in terms of humanities? Which famous literati and poets appeared in Nanjing (Jinling), Yangzhou, Chuzhou and Zhenjiang both belong to the category of "Jiangnan". The gentry culture they inherited today still has strong Jiangnan Wu cultural characteristics. However, due to the problem of refugees in modern times, the folk customs in these three places have many Jianghuai cultural characteristics. In addition to the dialects, The remaining pronunciation of some Wu dialect vocabulary is basically incompatible with the dialects in central Jiangsu and Huaibei. In addition, the spread of Wu culture can also be determined to the Huizhou and Huangshan areas in southern Anhui. These areas border southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang and have traditionally had similar customs. People mostly travel by boat and take waterways, and residential buildings are built along the water. However, like Ning, Zhen, Chu, and Yang, the influx of immigrants from Huaibei in modern times has also caused many changes in the folk culture of these areas due to provincial disparity since the Yuan Dynasty. Divided by cultural circles, people in the Wu cultural circle in Jiangsu and Zhejiang have very different attitudes toward the land of Wu. Today, when talking about the land of Wu, it generally refers to southern Jiangsu, Suzhou is Soochow, Changxi is Zhongwu, and Wu in Zhejiang The cultural circle is mistakenly called "Yue". In fact, the customs and culture of the ancient Wu Kingdom and the ancient Yue Kingdom have long been lost. The Jiangnan culture that has been handed down now began from the southern crossing of Yongjia, developed in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, took shape in the Southern Song Dynasty, and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Question 5: Why did Wu, a barbarian state, develop into a gathering place of humanity? After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the northern land gradually became bitter and cold, and *** began to move south in small numbers. Since the Three Kingdoms, Wu has been substantially Civilization, pioneering, and later the dynasty's migration to the south (such as the Five Hu Dynasties, the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yuan, and the Ming Dynasty), the ethnic groups here are integrated. In addition, the fish and rice water town is rich in products, has a pleasant climate, and has beautiful scenery. The literati and poets are naturally more inspired< /p>

Question 6: What are the characteristics of Wu culture? 1. Distribution of Wu and Yue culture

The historical facts of Wu and Yue countries can be found in documents, starting from the Spring and Autumn Period. It is recorded in "Spring and Autumn", "Zuo Zhuan", "Guoyu" and other historical books. King Helu of Wu had his capital in Gusu, and King Goujian of Yue had his capital in Kuaiji. This is noted in history books. However, before that, where were the cultural centers of Wu and Yue? Regarding the location of the Wu capital, it is recorded in the literature that Zhou Taibo went to Wu, first settled in Meili, and later in Gusu. Both of these places are between Suzhou and Wuxi and belong to the Taihu Lake area. However, we found that the cultural relics of the Shang and Zhou dynasties in Suzhou and Wuxi do not have very obvious Shang and Zhou cultural elements. However, in the Ningzhen area along the north bank of the Yangtze River and parts of Anhui, we found a large number of Zhou cultural elements from the Western Zhou dynasty combined with local indigenous culture. The remains of Wu culture formed. Such as Suojin Village in Nanjing, Tunxi in Anhui and other places. This shows that the early activity center of Wu culture was not in Su and Wu in the Taihu Lake Basin, but in Ningzhen and Anhui.

From Wujin, Wuxi, Changshu, Suzhou, Wuxian, and Yixing in southern Jiangsu to Jiaxing, Huzhou, Deqing, Lin'an, and Yuhang in northern Zhejiang, and then to Xiaoshan, Zhuji, Cixi, and Shaoxing on the south bank of the Qiantang River. The ridges of Shangyu, Yuyao and other places are densely covered with many stone houses, dating from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Warring States Period. The archaeological community may call it a tomb, a residence, or a military fortress. Whatever their purpose, stone houses of this type are found throughout this large area. Judging from the similarity in shape and unearthed artifacts, they should be cultural relics of the same nature. However, no such relics have been found in the Ningzhen area where Wu cultural relics are densely populated. This shows that the boundary between Wu culture and Yue culture is very clear. The Taihu area belongs to the Yue culture, while the Ningzhen area is the center of the Wu culture.

2. The mutual penetration of Wu and Yue cultures

During the Western Zhou Dynasty, the boundaries of Wu and Yue cultures were clearly defined. By the Spring and Autumn Period, the Wu culture in the Ningzhen area had an obvious Yue culture, and the Wu culture elements in the Taihu area also increased. These changes are reflected in the tombs. Among the mound tombs in the Ningzhen area, a large number of bronze wares were unearthed from the tombs in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Most of these bronze wares were similar to those in the Central Plains region. However, by the Spring and Autumn Period, especially in the late Spring and Autumn Period, bronze wares were extremely rare. In the tombs of the Spring and Autumn Period, although there were more porcelains, there were almost no beans. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the cooking utensils were Li and Ding. In the Spring and Autumn Period, cauldrons and tripods were the main cooking utensils, and Li was rarely seen. Judging from these changes, the Central Plains factors have significantly decreased, while the Yue cultural factors have gradually increased and eventually became dominant. This shows that Yue culture has greatly penetrated and assimilated into Wu culture. Such a drastic change could only have been caused by the invasion of the Yue people. This is consistent with the Wuyue Rebellion mentioned in history books.

Traces of Wu culture can also be found in the Taihu Lake area. The State of Wu began to enter the Taihu Lake area in the early Spring and Autumn Period and advanced to the east. In the late Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Wu occupied Gusu and made it its capital. The archaeological manifestation is that during the Spring and Autumn Period, the number of bronzes in the Taihu Lake area increased. Found in Wujin, Wuxi, Suzhou, Kunming and other places in the Taihu Lake area, these bronzes have the characteristics of Wu culture and were all dated to the late Spring and Autumn Period. Bronze is such a valuable item that only nobles use it more, and it is often a symbol of the upper class nobility. A large number of bronzes with Wu cultural characteristics appeared in the Taihu Lake area in the late Spring and Autumn Period, indicating that the rulers of the Wu Kingdom had already taken control of the area at this time. When did the Wu people establish their capital in Gusu? Judging from the current archaeological discoveries, it should be in the late Spring and Autumn Period, possibly When he was King Helu of Wu. Although Wu State established its capital in Suzhou relatively late. However, the cultures of Wu and Yue had blended together as early as the early Spring and Autumn Period. The founders of Wu culture should be Zhou people. Taibo went to Wu and merged with the local indigenous people, turning them into barbarians and forming Wu culture. What are the local indigenous peoples? According to the literature, he should belong to a branch of the barbarians. They had conflicts with the neighboring Guyue people and fought endlessly with each other. The result was of course the mutual penetration of culture. (Source: "Chinese Yangtze River Culture Series")

Wuyue cultural regional space: mainly in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and a small part of Fujian and Jiangxi.

Wuyue culture, Shanghai culture, Wu culture, Yue culture

Regardless of Wuyue culture, Shanghai culture or Yangtze River Delta culture, most people first focus on grasping the concept of space. In this sense, the use of regional cultural concepts such as "Wudi culture" and "Yuedi culture" should be accurate, and it is necessary to carry out corresponding refined research. In previous cultural studies, there has been an understanding that Wuyue culture is equal to Jiangsu and Zhejiang culture, and there has also been a phenomenon of separating "Wu culture", "Yue culture" and "Shanghai culture" from each other. The reason is that they are subject to administrative divisions. constraint and ignore the identity of culture itself.

Looking back at the long process of historical development, "Wu culture" and "Yue culture" "share the same customs and local customs, share the same spirit and customs", and gradually interact with each other... >>

Question 7: What are the famous Jiangnan towns in my country? Wuzhen, Tongli, Zhouzhuang, Nanxun, Mudu, Xitang

Question 8: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, where was the commercial center of Wudi? There are Suzhou and Hangzhou below. When people think of Suzhou, the first thing that comes to mind is the beautiful scenery and the most amazing gardens in the world. As everyone knows, the land is full of outstanding people, and good landscapes naturally produce talents. Suzhou has been an important commercial center in the south of the Yangtze River during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Suzhou merchants, together with Huizhou merchants, Shanxi merchants, Zhejiang merchants and Guangdong merchants, are the famous "five major business gangs" in history, with a long history and glorious past.

"To get rich, think about the source, and when you are rich, think about progress." Suzhou merchants have been cultivated for hundreds of years under the influence of Wudi culture, and have continued to accumulate rich business humanities.

With the progress of the times, the centuries-old Suzhou merchant culture embodies the spirit of "patriotism and virtue, respecting business and benefiting the people, openness and inclusiveness, pragmatism and innovation", shaping the image of the new Suzhou merchants~

Question 9 : Where is the birthplace of Wu culture? There are different opinions about Wu culture. Some say it was in Meicun, or another theory is that it was in Yancheng, Wujin, Changzhou, but I don’t know where exactly it is! Sorry!

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