Is the Korean War in Liao Dynasty the same as that in Song Liao Dynasty? Why didn't Liao annex Korea?

Speaking of Liao, he actually has a long history in China. It is said that he also fought with Korea and the Song Dynasty. So are these two wars of the same nature? And why didn't Liao choose to annex North Korea? Let's look at these problems together.

After the establishment of the Korean dynasty on the Korean peninsula in 9 18, it adopted the strategy of actively moving northward and expanded its territory on a large scale. 1998, Lu Ye Deguang, Emperor Taizong of Liao moved a large number of Bohai adherents to Liaodong. For a time, the vast old place of Bohai Sea became sparsely populated. Liao's control over the former Bohai Sea area, especially the northern Jurchen area of the Korean Peninsula, weakened, and North Korea began to send troops to compete with Jurchen under Liao's control for the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. The pace of Wang Jian's strategy of advancing northward has never stopped. By the end of his reign, the territory of North Korea had reached as far as Yongxing and the south bank of Qingchuan River south of Jingxian County, and its territory greatly exceeded Silla.

In Wang Jian's overall northward strategy, Pyongyang's important position is worth mentioning. Since the invasion of Tang Jun in 668 AD, Pyongyang has gradually become barren. Wang Jian upgraded Pyongyang to Xijing on the grounds of defending against the invasion of Jurchen, and appointed his younger brother Wang Shilian as a senior official. In the early days of the Koryo dynasty, the governor of Xijing Pyongyang had great power. He is only responsible to the king himself, and the appointment and removal of subordinate officials is entirely up to the governor himself. At the same time, Wang Jian adopted an immigration strategy: moving a large number of people from the south of the peninsula to the north. Wang Jian's measures have strengthened the border defense forces in northern Korea and greatly expanded the land area.

While actively operating Xijing, North Korea built cities such as Tokugawa, Changqing and An Shuo in the north of Qingchuan River, and pushed the border between North Korea and Liao country from Datong River to Qingchuan River as the first line of defense against Liao country. At the same time, actively crusade against jurchen living on the Yalu River and occupy the hometown of jurchen. In order to guard against Liao, South Korea set up a light military division and organized it into 300,000 light troops. Liao set up the Tokyo Military Department and the Military Capital Deployment Division in Tokyo, which has jurisdiction over the four armies of Khitan, Han and Bohai. The Tokyo Military Capital Command Division and Du Wenxiang Division are heavily guarded.

Before the North Korean regime was formally established, Wang Jian intended to make friends with the Khitan. In 9 15, Liao Taizu sent envoys to Qidan to offer "swords" to Liao Taizu. In the year when he established the Korean regime, he sent envoys to pay tribute to Qidan. At that time, Liao Taizu was also willing to have good relations with South Korea. In the seventh year of Shenshu, he sent envoys to North Korea, leaving camels, horses and blankets, and North Korea also sent envoys to apply. However, this diplomatic relationship between Liao and North Korea did not last long, and was soon broken by the territorial dispute between the two sides: after Liao perished in the Bohai Sea in 926, the homeland of the Bohai Sea was brought into the direct jurisdiction of the Liao regime. Wang was very dissatisfied with this, thinking that he had less opportunities to expand his territory, which led to the bikini falling off. In order to expand the power and actively absorb the adherents of Bohai, since March 1928, there have been 60 Bohai people, including "Golden God". Come and vote. "Bohai people flooded into North Korea. Among them, the famous ones are "Prince Daguang of Bohai led tens of thousands of people to vote" in 934, "Bo Hai Pu Sheng voted with more than 3,000 households" four years later, and "Bo Hai voted with tens of thousands of people" in 979.

In 942 AD, the Khitan once again sent an envoy to North Korea to make a final effort to repair diplomatic relations between the two countries. There are more than 30 envoys from North Korea's Khitan and the island. They donated fifty camels under Wanfuqiao, but no livestock died. South Korea's Li Qixian once said: "If the Khitan people live next door to me, it is better to fix it first, and he will send messengers to make peace. I have never hired him because his country is connected with the Bohai Sea and they are suspicious of each other.

During the Lu Ye De light-year period of Emperor Taizong of Liao Dynasty, the Khitan became hostile to the Central Plains. Wang Jian sent envoys to the post-Jin Dynasty, trying to attack Qidan jointly with the post-Jin Dynasty, expand the territory to the north smoothly, and occupy the hometown of Bohai Sea. However, soon after Wang Jian's death, Koryo gave up his plan. On his deathbed, Wang Jian said: "I am the only one in the East. I have always admired tang style and respected its cultural relics, rituals and music; Different places, different human nature, don't have to agree. Qidan is a beast country with different customs and personalities; Dressing system, be careful. "In 960 AD, the Northern Song Dynasty was established, and South Korea sent a special envoy to pay tribute to the goods, which was a response.

In the face of South Korea's openly breaking up with the other side, exiled the Khitan emissary, invited a large number of Bohai survivors, established a "friendly" alliance with the Northern Song Dynasty, and constantly expanded its territory to the north, Liao was once very angry. But at that time, because Emperor Taizong of Liao was busy governing the Central Plains, his successors Sejong, Mu Zong and Jing Zong were not only in constant civil strife, but also had to deal with the Northern Expedition of the later Zhou Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, trying to recover sixteen states and other places, so they had no time to look east, so they had to adopt a tolerant attitude towards North Korea's expansion and were unwilling to go to war with North Korea, leaving themselves in a situation of being caught between Scylla and Charybdis.

In 985, when Emperor Sheng Zong of Liao Dynasty was founded, Xiao Taihou was suspicious of North Korea and a few countries. Song intends to take advantage of the Northern Expedition to restore the secluded Yan State. Song sent envoys to Korea, China, and Korea to plot with the Khitan. Korean king and Wang Zhi "sent troops to the west without delay, while Wang Fabing cleared the weeds". In order to avoid the unfavorable situation of fighting on two fronts, although the relationship between North Korea and Liao country was not harmonious at that time, Liao country still sent envoys to North Korea for peace. Although North Korea does not dare to act rashly at present, Liao decided to strike first in July of that year, "to prepare for the eastward expedition to North Korea." Although the expedition stopped because "Liaoze was too long and the road was impassable", Liao decided to launch a larger expedition in order to relieve his worries.

In 992 AD, Xiao Hengde, who stayed in Tokyo, Liaoning Province, led a large army to March into North Korea, claiming that "the Great Dynasty had already chosen a beautiful old place with a high hook, and now our country has invaded the border of North Korea, so it is impossible to fight for a long time." The princes and ministers of South Korea were stunned. In addition to deploying military forces in border towns to resist, Special Assistant Park Liangrou is the military envoy, Assistant Minister Xu Xi of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is the military envoy, and Assistant Minister Cui Liang is the military envoy. The three armies went to war, and Emperor Chengzong personally supervised the war.

In 993 AD, the Korean army arrived in Anbei County, and the Liao army captured the Korean pioneer Yin. King Koryo proclaimed himself emperor and sent his servant Park Liangrou to apologize and make peace. The main enemy of Liao was Song Dynasty. The crusade against North Korea was only to avoid collusion between North Korea and Song Dynasty, resulting in an unfavorable situation of fighting on both sides. After the deterrence was achieved, the Liao army retreated.

Later, North Korea sent Zhong Jun to let Xu Xi come to North Korea. Please give up the former site of Jurchen east of Yalu River. Liao and Han agreed that Han paid tribute to Liao, broke off diplomatic relations with Song, and Liao gave the old land to Jurchen. North Korea got something it couldn't get on the battlefield.

1004, Song and Liao formed an alliance. Liao worry-free, Korea's nightmare began.

In a.d. 1009, the empress dowager Liao Chengtian collapsed. In A.D. 10 10, Liu Kang of Xijing, North Korea was a master of reciting.

165438+ 10 In June, the Liao army crossed the Yalu River, with Zhao Kang as commander in chief and Li Li and Zhangyan as lieutenants, and led 300,000 troops to war. Zhao surrendered to Tongzhou and rejected the Liao army in the 3rd Battalion. Skin. The Liao right wing defeated the Korean army under the careful planning of the enemy in Lu. Zhao Kang and Li Li were captured and killed. Liao army captured Zhou, Suzhou and Ma Yin, and cleaned up the Chuanjiang River. For Han's surrender, the sage listened to Yao's suggestion-"It's not too late to take advantage of his weakness." Liao army continued to go south, even dropping to Huo, Gui, Ning and other states. The army arrived in Koryo capital to open Beijing, and then sent B to attack Xijing. North Korean emperor Wang Xun abandoned Kaesong and fled, taking refuge in Pingzhou. After the Liao army entered Kaesong, it was attacked by North Korea. Because the front line was stretched too long, Liao retreated for fear of North Korea's counterattack.

Three cases of Liao Dynasty took Longyou, Wang Qi as their headquarters in Tokyo, and built a distant city at Jiajiang mouth of Yalu River. With Yanjing Meng Xiao, two commanders were established, and the city was established and defended. It is under the direct command of Tokyo Commander-in-Chief Disco to strengthen the defense against North Korea.

1065438+In March 2002, North Korea sent Cai Zhongshun to Liao country, begging to be a vassal as before, and Liao country called for pro-DPRK. Wang Xun sent the Heavenly Palace to complain that he was ill. In June of the following year, Lu Zizhong was sent to North Korea by Liao Shengzong, and declared the east of Yalu River as the hometown of Jurchen. Han refused and detained Zizhong.

So, in10/4, Liao ordered his uncle to pacify Xiao's enemies and stay in Tokyo to lead the army against Japan. Liao Jun Bridge crossed the Yalu River, and the bridge crossed the east-west city, but it was not successful. It is unacceptable for soldiers to surround Xinghua City again. Sheng Zongsui appointed Liu Wei, the Prime Minister of the Northern Government, as the viceroy, and the envoys of the Tang Dynasty as the deputy viceroy. Xiao Qu in front of the temple was supervised by a fierce general, and then led troops to attack it. Liao defeated North Korea and defeated enemy generals Zheng, Gao, Ke Dingyuan and Xinghua. In Zhouzhou, the North Korean army suffered a crushing defeat, beheading more than 10,000 people and taking countless prisoners. However, until the South China Sea, when Yeleshi was a good pawn, the Liao army retreated.

In May of A.D. 10 17, the Liao Dynasty appointed Xiao Hezhuo, the messenger of the Tang Dynasty, as the viceroy, and the Han Palace appointed Wang Jizhong as the deputy viceroy, thus defeating Korea and the Liao army was defeated in this campaign. Then in October of the following year, Xiao Pai, the king of Dongping County, was ordered to be the commander-in-chief, Xiao Qulie was ordered to be the lieutenant in front of the temple, and Liu Ye myna, who stayed in Tokyo, was the supervisor, leading a hundred thousand troops to attack Korea. Jiang Hanzan, commander-in-chief of Pingzhang in Korea, and Jiang, deputy general, have 288,300 people. Jiang Zan laid a heavy army in Xinghua City, hoping to spend the rest of his life and annihilate the Liao army in one fell swoop. But Pettitte took it by surprise, bypassed Xinghua City and went straight to Beijing. Although the action was sudden in the battle, due to the congenital deficiency and poor siege ability of the Liao army, Beijing could not be opened in front of the high wall and strong city, but it was looted and returned. The Liao army and the Korean army commanded by Jiang Hanzan met on the Chahe River and Tuohe River. Liao generals hoped that North Korea would cross the two rivers before attacking, but Lu Yebu, the supervisor of the Liao army, said: "If the enemy crosses the two rivers, it will fight to the death. This dangerous road is not between two rivers. " Pie, follow it. In the war, South Korea shot with a strong crossbow, and the stalemate was unresolved. Suddenly, the wind and rain came from the south, and the standard pointed to the north. The North Korean soldiers took advantage of the situation to attack it, and the Liao Division was defeated. Many people drowned in Tian Yun and Youpi. The army, but the account is set in Agoda, Keyugu. The Bohai Sea was set at Gao Qingming, and Tian Yunjun died at sea. The Liao army suffered a crushing defeat in this battle.