Can humans immigrate into space?

With the increasing destruction of the earth's environment and the reduction of resources, the earth may no longer be suitable for human survival in the future, so we are constantly looking for a second home, hoping to find a "second earth", so emigrating from the earth to other planets has become a hot topic.

Among the eight planets in the solar system, Venus and Mars are in the livable zone like the Earth, and Venus is more similar to the Earth. However, due to the harsh environment on Venus, we humans moved our target to Mars. Although Mars is similar to Venus and the Earth, the conditions on Mars are much better than Venus.

Therefore, in the future, we intend to turn Mars into our "second earth". Some scientists think that Mars has the potential to become the second home of mankind. So, is it possible for us humans to immigrate to Mars within 30 years?

launch

In the west, Mars is regarded as the embodiment of the God of War in Mars mythology. But in China, Mars is called "sparkling" because it is like a fire, and its position and brightness are often erratic. In our ancient books, there are also descriptions such as "Mars stays in Antares, and God is responsible for the emperor" and "Sparks are everywhere, leaving confusion and confusion", so people think that Mars can bring people a mysterious and dangerous feeling.

Because the rocks of Mars contain a lot of iron, when the rocks are weathered to form dust, the iron will be oxidized into iron oxide, so the surface of Mars is reddish brown in appearance. The diameter of Mars is about 6,779 kilometers, which is about half of that of the Earth, and its volume is1.6318×10/cubic kilometer, which is less than that of the Earth 1/6. The inclination angle and rotation period of the axis are almost the same as those of the earth, and a circle is about the time of the earth's revolution.

Moreover, it can be said that Mars is a desert planet, and its surface dunes are all covered with gravel, and there is no stable liquid water body. Because its atmosphere is mainly carbon dioxide, it is thin and cold there.

The environment on Mars

Through scientists' continuous research on Mars, we can say that our understanding of Mars has become more and more.

First of all, the atmosphere on Mars is very thin, only 1% of the earth's, so a lot of ultraviolet rays can irradiate the surface of Mars, and it is impossible to store heat, which leads to the extremely low surface temperature of Mars, generally below zero, and the lowest temperature at night can reach 140K(- 133℃, -207℉).

Secondly, Mars is mainly composed of 95.3% carbon dioxide, 2.7% nitrogen, 1.6% argon, 0. 15% oxygen and 0.03% water vapor. We can find that there is almost no oxygen on Mars.

Then we all know that the tilt angle of Mars is similar to that of the Earth. Maybe everyone should think that Mars, like the earth, should have winter to spring and cold to summer. Actually, it is not. Because Mars is farther away from the sun than the earth, and its elliptical orbit around the sun is flatter than that of the earth, this leads to the obvious differences between the four seasons in the northern and southern hemispheres of Mars.

Finally, due to the small gravity of Mars and other factors, the topographic characteristics of the northern and southern hemispheres of Mars are obviously different. The north is full of lava, and the south is an ancient highland covered with craters, separated by obvious slopes.

In fact, the plan of human migration to Mars has already been implemented. It is reported that the United States will prepare to launch a Mars probe in 2020, and even have an immigration plan.

Mars transformation

The first is water. You should know that water is an indispensable part of life. As long as there is water, there is the ability to breed life. Oxygen and food can be obtained from water sources. In order to find evidence of water on Mars, scientists have sent many probes to Mars to find water on Mars. According to the detection and analysis of Mars probe, it is found that there are a large number of glaciers at the two poles of Mars. According to the analysis, liquid water is likely to exist underground on Mars, and the storage capacity is very huge.

But how can we get water?

At present, scientists believe that the correct way is to drill a well on the surface of Mars, melt some ice to form a pool, and then pump the melted water up. However, in this process, it is necessary to continuously extract heat from the underground pool and gradually form a reservoir and a continuous water supply system. The key point is that the technical difficulty required by this method is not high. Our scientists have also carried out some experiments on the earth, which can be said to be a very suitable scheme for taking water in the environment of Mars.

The second is the temperature. Like the Earth, Mars has four distinct seasons, but the lowest temperature on Mars in winter is-133℃, the highest temperature in summer is 27℃, and the average temperature is -53℃. So if you want to immigrate to Mars, the temperature also needs to be changed. When our scientists are studying Mars, they find that the soil in the permafrost zone of Mars contains a lot of solid carbon dioxide, so if we want to make Mars warm, these carbon dioxide will come in handy-it can produce a "huge greenhouse effect" on Mars to make it warm.

Then there is the atmosphere. The atmospheric structure on Mars is similar to that on Earth, such as the existence of nitrogen, but the atmosphere on Mars is even less than 1% thinner than that on Earth, so this is also the key to transforming the atmosphere. Because Mars with atmosphere has certain ability to resist cosmic rays, we need to enrich the atmosphere on Mars. In this regard, scientists believe that carbon dioxide can be produced by burning energy at present, and when the content of carbon dioxide increases gradually, carbon dioxide can be converted into oxygen, making the whole atmosphere rich.

Finally, oxygen. When the temperature on Mars rises, microbes can produce enough organic soil on the surface of Mars and release some oxygen into the atmosphere, so we can bring bacteria and mosses that can survive in extreme climate to Mars to breed, while microbes, algae and mosses may live on the rocks of Mars. At the same time, we can plant some plants on the surface of Mars. The growth of plants means that more oxygen will be produced, and photosynthesis will produce more and more.

abstract

Humans have indeed been trying to transform the environment on Mars, but the ideal is beautiful, but the reality is cruel. Even in theory, it will take us a long time to successfully transform Mars, at least thousands of years, even tens of thousands of years, and these transformations for thousands of years require the efforts of many generations! So at present, the earth is the only planet where human beings can live, so it is faster to protect the earth's environment than to transform Mars.