The Historical Evolution of Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico was originally inhabited by the Indian Tyno tribe.

Christopher Columbus sailed here in 1493 165438+ year1October, and named it San Juan in memory of John the Baptist.

1508, Spanish J. Pang Sai Delean established a colonial stronghold on the island, and was appointed governor the following year.

1509 became a Spanish colony. The indigenous Indians on the island became slaves and were driven to work on farms and gold mines.

1509, the administrative center of Puerto Rico was built. 152 1 year, the local government renamed the island Puerto Rico, and the capital was renamed San Juan.

15 1 1 year, the Taino people launched an uprising under the leadership of their leader Gua Ibana, which was suppressed by the colonial authorities and 6,000 Indians were massacred.

/kloc-In the middle of the 6th century, the Tylenol people were wiped out, and the colonists brought black people from Africa as slaves to grow sugar cane. Since then, Puerto Rico has been harassed by pirates and attacked by Britain, France and the Netherlands.

/kloc-in the middle of the 0/8th century, immigrants and black slaves increased continuously, and coffee became the main export material.

1869 On September 23rd, the Puerto Rican people, under the leadership of r. Emeterio betan ces, staged an uprising in Lares Town (known as "Lares Call" in history), and declared a republic on the 24th, which was later suppressed by the Spanish colonial army. After a long struggle, Puerto Rico was finally granted local autonomy by Spain. However, it was only one year from then until the island became an American colony after the Spanish-American War.

1898 Spanish-American War broke out and Spain was defeated. According to the Paris Treaty, Puerto Rico was ceded to the United States. The administrative jurisdiction of the United States over Puerto Rico initially took the form of a military government. During the two years of ruling the island, the military government established schools, roads, railways, hospitals and health facilities. 1900, the us congress established civilian control on the island. The Governor, the Cabinet and one of the two houses of the Puerto Rican legislature are appointed by the President of the United States. Puerto Ricans elect the other house of the legislature and a commissioner of the capital, who will represent the interests of the island in Washington, D.C., and have a voice in Congress, but no right to vote. Puerto Ricans are also exempt from paying taxes to the United States.

19 17, the U.S congress passed the Jones act, imposing "American citizenship" on the Puerto Rican people.

1937, the Puerto Rican people launched an independent uprising in Pang Sai by P. Albizu Campos, leader of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, but it was suppressed again.

1947 the us congress allows the election of governors.

1 950165438+101day, Puerto Rican national heroes Oscar Colazzo and Grissom Torresola failed to assassinate the president of the United States, and other Puerto Rican nationalists opened fire in the corridor of the House of Representatives, causing several members of Congress to be injured.

1950, 10, 10 On October 30th, the Puerto Rican people revolted again and announced the establishment of the Republic of Puerto Rico. 1October 30th 3 10 failed, 100 people were arrested.

1952, the United States granted Puerto Rico the status of a free Federation and exercised autonomy, but important departments such as foreign affairs, national defense and tariffs were still controlled by the United States.

Since 1972, the United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization has repeatedly reaffirmed the inalienable right of the Puerto Rican people to self-determination and independence.

1977 U.S. President Gerald Rudolph Ford submitted the statehood bill of Puerto Rico 1977 to Congress, claiming to turn Puerto Rico into the 5th1th state of the United States.

1982165438+10 President ronald wilson reagan issued a statement in support of Puerto Rico becoming a state of the United States.

1993165438+10 In October, Puerto Rico once again held a referendum on its relations with the United States. Therefore, most people still advocate maintaining the status of the United States as a free Federation.

2012165438+1October 6, Puerto Rico held its fourth referendum again. A referendum consists of two rounds of voting. In the first round of voting, Puerto Ricans voted whether to change the status quo of their relations with the United States. 654.38+08,000 people were eligible to vote, 65,000 people gave up the first round of voting, and 54% of the voters supported changing the relationship. Later, Puerto Ricans made choices about how to make changes. Voters had three options: "becoming a state of the United States", "expanding autonomy" and "full independence". In this round of voting, only 6,543.8+3,000 people voted, 665.438+0% supported becoming a 565.438+0 state in the United States, about 33% hoped to expand autonomy, and only 5% supported complete independence.