Chongqing folk customs in terms of diet, etiquette, festivals, sacrifices, local arts, and Chongqing dialect.

Chongqing folk custom Bayu culture is a part of China traditional culture with a long history. "Yanhuang" began in the Yellow River Basin, and from Yu Xia, the legends of our ancestors began to spread southward. Yu was born in three places, all in the Yangtze River valley, namely, Sichuan, Jiujiang, Jiangxi and Anhui. According to a large number of historical records, Yu was born in Guangrao County, Wenshan County, Sichuan Province, and married Tushan in Jiangzhou. Gujiangzhou is Chongqing today. After the Qin dynasty destroyed Pakistan and established Sheba County, Ba people entered the process of sinicization by leaps and bounds. For more than 3,000 years, Chongqing has left the mark of China traditional culture everywhere. At the junction of Chongqing and Hubei, there are the hometowns of Qu Yuan and Wang Zhaojun. Fuling Zhouyi Garden is the birthplace of Neo-Confucianism in Zhu Cheng. Dazu stone carving, which brings together a large number of grotto art treasures in China during the Tang and Song Dynasties; Hechuan Fishing City preserves the ancient battlefield site where Nanjing soldiers and civilians fought against Mongolian invasion. Poets of past dynasties, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Liu Yuxi, Su Shi, Lu You, Guo Moruo, etc. I have written many famous sentences here. Bayu people have formed a folk custom for thousands of years, such as watching lanterns during the Spring Festival, worshipping ancestors during the Tenth Five-Year Plan, enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, hanging wine, catching up with temple fairs, sitting in sedan chairs and flying kites. It covers weddings, funerals, entertainment and games, the concept of ghosts and gods, taboos of sacrifice, seasons and seasons, industrial and commercial transactions, etc., which are similar to those in other parts of China. Chongqing's colorful local dramas, folk arts, paintings, handicrafts and mass festivals can also reflect the customs of Bayu. On New Year's Eve, many people want to play after midnight or stay up all night. At midnight on New Year's Eve, 12, the family will break the small balloon prepared in advance and make a sound like firecrackers to show farewell to the old year and welcome the new year. Those who want to set off firecrackers can drive to the suburbs and have a good time at designated places. Those Chongqing people who have relatives in the countryside will take the opportunity to set off firecrackers and have fun in the countryside. On New Year's Day, Chongqing people stay at home instead of going out. Chen Xuelian, a reporter from Chongqing Evening News, said that sweeping the floor and taking out the garbage at home on the first day of New Year's Day would sweep away all the wealth at home. When they couldn't take a nap that day, the locals became "moldy sleep", which means a bad year. Of course, on this day, adults and children should say auspicious words, not discouraging words, which indicates good luck in the coming year. On the second day of the Lunar New Year, locals call it a "traveler", which means visiting relatives and friends. Chongqing people also like to eat "meals by turns" after the second day of junior high school, that is, relatives take turns to eat, and one family is responsible for the meals for one day. Usually we play cards after dinner, and everyone plays cards and chats. Local people's New Year greetings last until the fifteenth day of the first month-Lantern Festival. Lantern Festival is also the Lantern Festival in China. On the fifteenth day of the first month, the lights in all rooms should be on at night, and every family should eat glutinous rice balls. Folk Craft Qijiang Peasant Prints Qijiang County Peasant Prints Rose 1983. In the past ten years, more and more farmers have actively participated in creative activities, constantly expanded their creative fields, and created and published thousands of fine paintings. The farmer prints of Qijiang were first invited to China Art Museum in 1 month, 1984. In the following ten years, 847 works were invited to participate in exhibitions in more than ten countries, including the United States, Japan, Britain, Canada, Italy and Hong Kong. More than 600 masterpieces have been collected by national museums and individuals; More than 50 masterpieces have won various national and regional awards. Qijiang farmers' printmaking is a wonderful work of China folk art, which is highly praised by the art circles at home and abroad. 1985 Sichuan Provincial Department of Culture, Provincial Artists Association and Chongqing Municipal Government awarded Qijiang County the title of "Hometown of Farmers' Printmaking"; 1Feb. 988, the Ministry of Culture of China named Qijiang County as "the hometown of modern folk painting in China". Rongchang folding fan, also known as paving fan and bone folding fan, is not only a folk handicraft for cooling in summer, but also a decorative handicraft, and an important prop for drama and dance performances. In the Northern Song Dynasty, folding fans were introduced into China from Korea. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, Cheng Zuxi's folding fan was "easy to stretch, so it works", and the production of folding fans was rolled out nationwide. There are not less than thousands of secondary vocational schools. It has been nearly 450 years since Rongchang folding fan was made in the 30th year of Jiajing (155 1 year). Its products are exquisite and elegant and have enjoyed a high reputation since ancient times. Shen Defu (1578- 1642) said in Wan Huo Pian: "Although Jutou Fan comes from outside the Wu Dynasty, Sichuan Fan is the best, which is elegant and elegant, and beautiful. "Folding fans are the first to promote Rongchang in Sichuan. Xie Wuliang once praised the title of Rongchang folding fan: "Haitang is fragrant, and the new painting building is connected with clouds, occupying three columns of romantic scenery; "When a butterfly is a famous worker, it will be cool and cool, and the rivers and mountains will be closed." Rongchang folding fan has become a special commodity and craft treasure because of its exquisite production and exquisite craftsmanship. Since ancient times, Rongchang folding fans have sold well all over the country, and even exported to India, Myanmar and other countries. In recent decades, the production of folding fans in Rongchang has advanced by leaps and bounds, with 345 varieties such as normal brown, all-nan, leather bottom, hard green, string, all-brown, sandalwood, silk noodles, feather and glue. The printing folding fan was born by the painting school and is widely used in tourism and literature and art departments. Tongliang Dragon Lantern began in the Ming Dynasty, flourished in the Qing Dynasty and flourished in the contemporary era. Its development has gone through three stages: dragon, dragon and meat dragon. In the early days, dragons connected their heads and tails with ropes and bamboo baskets. When the dragon dances, the dragon body sets off fireworks, and the atmosphere is warm and the scene is lively. But the dragon has a body and no meat, and its image is not good. In the middle stage, the dragon head has a long neck, and the basket is the festival, and the lamp is used instead of fireworks in the festival. When dancing, the dragon looks up, the lights are winding and the scene is spectacular. But the posture of the dragon is incomplete, and its body is still not very realistic. Finally, the meat dragon is pasted with colored paper, and the dragon body is complete, with bones and "meat". When dancing and playing, the head and tail swing flexibly and the body can stretch freely. The internal lamps and lanterns reflect the dragon body with golden armor and red ridge, which is brilliant and beautiful. Because the meat dragon grows up and twists when dancing, it is also called "climbing dragon". In recent decades, Tongliang Dragon has been innovatively designed on the basis of the traditional meat dragon, integrating lion head, antlers, shrimp legs, crocodile mouth, turtle neck, snake body, fish scales, salamander belly, fish ridge, Tiger Claw, eagle claw and goldfish tail, transforming the traditional closed dragon into a mouth-opening dragon, and adding dragon tongue and mouth treasure to the dragon mouth. The newly-built Tongliang Dragon is full of heroic spirit and great power, and it is very likely to smoke and win the world. The characteristics of Tonglianglong can be summarized into three words: big, long and lively. "Big" refers not only to figure, but also to exaggerated modeling. The artist combines traditional Chinese painting, sketch, paper-cutting, embroidery and other techniques, and refers to the depiction techniques of traditional Chinese opera facial makeup. The colored pen walks the ridge to depict the hairpin, highlighting the temperament of the dragon and making it full and magnificent. The length of the dragon is generally around 24 knots, with moderate proportion and flexible dancing. "Living" is the introduction of mechanical principles into the dragon dance operation, and the development of hand-cranking, clockwork, electric and other methods makes the dragon dance jump and roll more agile and vivid. In recent years, Tongliang has developed various toy-shaped and decorative small climbing dragons, and Tongliang dragons are entering a broader field of people's lives. During the celebration of the 35th anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), nine bronze dragons circled over Tiananmen Square, which once attracted the amazement of domestic hosts. Tong won the gold cup in one fell swoop in the first China Beijing International Tourism Year 1988 Dragon Dance Competition. Now Tongliang Dragon has crossed the national border and flew to Japan, Southeast Asia, Europe and America. Sichuan Opera Karaoke Teahouse was established in 1990. The teahouse covers an area of 345 square meters and has 160 seats. Singing various forms of cultural programs, mainly Sichuan Opera, three times a week has become an important activity for Chongqing tourists. A Brief History of Sichuan Opera In the Ming Dynasty, there was a performance of Sichuan Opera among the people. Yang Sheng 'an, a famous scholar and poet, contributed to the rise of Sichuan Opera. The formal formation of Sichuan Opera was in the middle of Qing Dynasty. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, immigrants from Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other provinces entered Bashu area in large numbers, and other operas enriched the performance form and content of Sichuan Opera, thus producing Sichuan Opera in a strict sense.