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The Republic of Chile (Spanish: Repú blica de Chile), commonly known as Chile, is a country located in South America.

Chile borders the Pacific Ocean in the west and south, Peru in the north and Bolivia and Argentina in the east. The country is a member of UNASUR, and ranks as the "ABC Power" in South America along with Argentina and Brazil. In addition, Chile and Ecuador are both South American countries that are not connected with Brazil.

Chile is located at the southernmost tip of the American continent, just across the Drake Strait from Antarctica. It is the southernmost country in the world (not counting its claim to Antarctica), so Chileans often call their country "the ends of the earth".

Chile has a population of about 65,438+0,800,000, and its ethnic groups are mostly white and mixed-race. Like Argentina, another country, there is almost no African-American population, and the others are relatively rich indigenous minorities. Chile's education is highly developed, and its education quality and level are generally recognized in developed countries.

Chile has also achieved a high ranking in terms of press freedom, human development index and democratic development, which is comparable to that of southern European countries. Socially, Chile is roughly equivalent to North America and European countries with developed economies. In recent years, many Asian immigrants have made a special trip across the Pacific Ocean to Chile.

Chile is rich in mineral resources, forest resources and fishery resources, and the Escondida copper mine in Antofagasta in the north is the highest open-pit copper mine in the world. The Atacama Desert in its territory is the world's drought pole. In addition, Chile is also the origin of most natural saltpeter mines in the world.

geography

Chile is more than 4,300 kilometers long from north to south, located between the Andes and the Pacific Ocean, but the average distance from east to west is only 200 kilometers (about 400 kilometers at its widest point), which makes its territory look quite narrow, almost becoming one of the narrowest countries in the world. Therefore, Chile also has the title of "the country of ribbons".

Generally speaking, Chile can be divided into three regions:

The north is mountainous, and many peaks are above 6000 meters. Between the two ridges of the Andes is the Atacama Desert. This is the driest place on earth, because it is covered by subtropical ridges, and it often doesn't rain all year round. Nitric acid mine was developed here before, but now it is mainly copper mine. The larger cities in this area are Antofagasta (265,438+09,000 residents) and Iquique.

The climate in central China is Mediterranean. The land in this area is very fertile and has a large population. The capital Santiago (about 6.5 million residents) is here. In addition, Valparaiso (port, 280,000 residents) and Concepcion (industrial and agricultural center, 350,000 residents) are important cities.

The south is vast and sparsely populated with abundant rainfall and frequent storms and thunderstorms. There are many islands and fjords in front of the coast. There is Tierra del Fuego in the southern part of the mainland, with Chile and Argentina accounting for half of it. Cape Horn, an island in front of Tierra del Fuego, is the southernmost tip of Chile and South America. The North Ice Sheet and the South Ice Sheet in this area are one of the largest areas composed of glacier ice outside the polar regions.