Agricultural immigrants from Tasmania

Basic introduction Chinese name: Acheson, Topeka, Santa Fe Railway mbth: ATC Hison, Topekaan, Santa Fe ailway System Code: ATSF Established Time: 1959 Railway Introduction, History, Passenger Service, Railway Introduction Acheson, Topeka, Santa Fe Railway (ATC Hison, Topeka, Santa Fe Ailway, System Code ATSF). SF, 1959, a large-scale first-class railway company that once existed in American history, was chartered. Although this railway is called "Santa Fe", due to the terrain, its main line does not really pass through Santa Fe, New Mexico, but enters Santa Fe from Lamy through a branch line. 1873, the line extends to the state boundary between Kansas and Colorado, and then continues to expand westward. 1876 extends to Pueblo, Colorado. Santa Fe Railway has set up a real estate business in the western region, sold agricultural land according to the Homestead Law, and stimulated railway transportation demand through these new farms.

In the history of 140 years, Santa Fe Railway is famous for its innovation. It started a multimodal freight service, combining railway transportation with tugboats (Santa Fe Railway Tugboats) and air transportation (short-lived Santa Fe Airlines). In terms of passenger transport, bus lines are also set up as a supplement to the railway, and ferry services are operated in the San Francisco Bay Area to connect with cruise transport in the Pacific Ocean. 1996 65438+February 3 1, Santa Fe Railway is no longer an independent railway company, and the whole and Burlington North Railway are merged into Burlington North and Santa Fe Railway (BNSF). The historical railway concessions of Acheson, Topeka and Santa Fe were established on February 1859, 1 1 to build a railway system connecting Acheson, Kansas, Topeka and Santa Fe, New Mexico. The construction of this railway has made great contributions to the development of Kansas. Most of its early profits came from the transportation of wheat products in Kansas and cattle from Texas to Wichita and Dodge.

The Santa Fe Railway does not directly go south to Dodge City, but enters New Mexico through Ruitong Pass in the southwest to open up the coal transportation market in Trinidad, Colorado and Ruitong, New Mexico. At that time, the Denver and Rio Grande railways also intended to pass through Swiss customs, and the two railway companies launched tit-for-tat competition. 1878 one morning, the construction workers of the Santa Fe Railway took advantage of the breakfast of the railway workers in Denver and Rio Grande, stepped up the construction with shovels and picks, and finally arrived in Ruiguan ahead of schedule. When two railway companies built the "Royal Canyon" (also known as "Arkansas Grand Canyon") next to the classic city of Colorado, a physical conflict finally broke out. This was later called the Royal Valley Railway War. The federal court finally intervened in the conflict and announced an out-of-court settlement with 1880 on February 2. The Royal Valley Railway continued to be built and completed by the Denver and Rio Grande railways, and the Santa Fe Railway was paid US$ 6,543,800+4,000 to compensate the sections and facilities already built by the Santa Fe Railway. In addition, after the completion of the line, Denver and Rio Grande Railway Company leased the line to Santa Fe Railway Company. The two sides also reached an agreement that the Denver and Rio Grande railways do not pass through Santa Fe, and the Santa Fe railway does not pass through Denver and Ledeville, Colorado. This agreement is also called "Boston Agreement".

There are no technical problems in building railways in Kansas and East Colorado. Naturally, this area is a Ma Pingchuan with almost no obstacles (compared with the western mountainous areas). However, the railway company found that these places are sparsely populated and scattered, and it is difficult for the railway to make a profit. Therefore, after the implementation of the Homestead Law, Santa Fe Railway set up a real estate department at 1863 to sell the land acquired under the Homestead Law. Passengers who are interested in buying land and personally going to the west from the east to survey the land will get certain preferential tickets. And there are also greater concessions on land prices. This has promoted the population growth of residential areas along the railway and contributed to the development of land in the west.

1880, the Santa Fe Railway reached Albuquerque, the largest city in New Mexico. However, due to terrain constraints, the main line does not pass through Santa Fe, but is connected with the main line in Lamy through branch lines. 188 1, the line continues to connect Deming with the South Pacific Railway, then the railway goes south, passes through Benson and Nogalice to the US-Mexico border, and is connected with the Sonora Railway in Mexico. In addition, the Santa Fe Railway Company is continuing to build a line to the Mexican port of Gua Imas. Passenger service in the United States In the first half of the 20th century, Santa Fe Railway was one of the most famous railway passenger services, and there were many innovations in passenger service. 189 1 year, Santa Fe Railway Company was the first railway company to adopt dining cars, and then North Pacific Railway Company and Union Pacific Railway Company adopted them one after another, which became the practice of railways in various countries. The dining car on the Santa Fe Railway was famous for its exquisite food at that time. In addition, Santa Fe Railway Company is the first railway company to adopt sightseeing bus with glass roof. 195 1 registered as "Entertainment sightseeing bus" on its Super Chief from Chicago to Los Angeles, and then used double-decker cars and large sightseeing dining cars on 1954 on the Elca Pitan. In addition, the Santa Fe Railway also cooperated with the famous Harvey Hotel at that time to open railway hotels at major stations along the route to provide catering, private seats and accommodation services for passengers.

Trains on the Santa Fe Railway usually name a pair of trains with the same name, but there are exceptions: Chicago people and Kansas City people refer to the same pair of trains (Chicago people are from west to east, Kansas people are from east to west), and Orient Express and West Texas Express also refer to the same pair of trains. The terminal of Chicago Railway System is dearborn Station, and the terminal of Los Angeles was originally Lagrande Station. 1939 After the Los Angeles Union Station was completed in May, it was used as the main station.

In order to serve a series of small residential areas along the route, Santa Fe Railway also purchased several single self-powered Bader internal combustion railway buses to connect the main stations and residential areas. In addition, the Santa Fe Railway also has its own public transport system as a supplement to railway passenger transport. These small commuter trains usually have no names and are distinguished only by the number of trips.