Chronology of ancient Egypt

The primitive society of the Egyptians began with the Egyptian Homo erectus 2 million years ago, which was the earliest human being in Egypt. Their ancestors belonged to ancient Egyptian apes, mainly from primitive apes and Egyptian apes in Fayoum depression, Egypt. The homo erectus life in Fayong, Egypt, reflects the earliest human activities in Egypt.

Dynasty society

In the 3rd century BC, Manieto divided the history of Egypt from menes to Alexandria into thirty (or thirty-one) dynasties, and some scholars also divided the history of ancient Egypt into the following periods:

1, I period of Nigada culture (Amrat period, about 4500 BC-3500 BC)

2. The second phase of Nigada culture (Grce period, about 3500 BC-3 BC100).

3. Early dynasty (1-2 dynasty, about 3 BC100-2686 BC)

4. The ancient kingdom period (3-6 dynasties, about 2686-2 18 1 year ago, also known as the pyramid period).

5. The first intermediate period (7- 10 dynasty, about 21865438 BC+0-2040 BC).

6. Middle Kingdom period (11-0/4 dynasty, about 2040 BC-BC 1786).

7. The second intermediate period (15-17 dynasty, about BC1786-BC 1567).

8. New Kingdom Period (18-20 dynasty, about BC 1567- BC 1085, the Egyptian Empire began to form).

9. Post-Egyptian period (21-31dynasty, about BC1085-332).

10 year, Macedonian Greeks and Romans ruled (332 BC-642 AD).

1 4, the slave state was formed and the unified dynasty appeared; 5-7, rebuilding a unified kingdom and establishing an empire; During the period of 8- 10, the slave countries in Egypt declined and fell into foreign rule.

Extended data:

Ancient Egyptian civilization was formed 365,438+050 years ago. Since King Narmer unified the upper and lower Egypt, it has experienced the rule of 365,438+0 dynasties in seven periods: the early dynasty, the ancient kingdom, the first middle period, the middle kingdom, the second middle period, the new kingdom and the late Egypt (see the section on chronology). Among them, ancient Egypt reached its peak in the18th dynasty (before15th century). Upper Egypt in the southern Nile valley is now from Sudan to Ethiopia, while Lower Egypt in the northern delta region, except for part of Egypt and Libya, has its eastern border crossing the Sinai Peninsula to the Canaan Plain.

Ancient Egypt has its own hieroglyphic system, perfect political system and polytheistic religious system, and its ruler is called Pharaoh, so it is also called Pharaoh era or Pharaoh Egypt.

The land of ancient Egypt is closely distributed in the narrow strip around the Nile. The ancient Egyptians achieved great success in agricultural production by controlling and controlling the annual flood of the Nile. During the ancient Egyptian civilization of more than 3000 years, they built huge pyramids, temples and obelisks, and established the most advanced medical system in the world at that time.

Ancient Egyptian civilization had a great influence on later civilizations such as ancient Greece, ancient Rome and Judaism. The study of ancient Egypt has formed a special discipline in academic circles, called Egyptology.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ancient Egypt