Ancient Greek civilization has a great influence on the development of human civilization, and there is a saying that "words must be called Greece". Please explain it with historical facts?

After the rise of modern western civilization, with the continuous colonial expansion, it has had a tremendous impact on the world pattern. Let's look back at its source of civilization, that is, ancient Greek civilization.

The geographical scope of ancient Greece includes the present Greek Peninsula, Aegean region, Macedonia and Thrace, as well as the Apennine Peninsula and parts of Asia Minor. The so-called ancient Greeks are a general term, during which there were many nationalities. It is generally believed that they come from Eurasia and speak Indo-European. Influenced by the ancient two river basins and ancient Egyptian civilization, the earliest ancient civilization in Europe produced and exhibited its own characteristics there.

First, the Crete civilization in the eastern Mediterranean islands appeared hieroglyphics in 3000 BC and entered the Bronze Age. Around 1600 BC, this civilization may be destroyed by volcanic eruption or Mycenae invasion. Around 1550 BC, Mycenae and other parts of the Peloponnesus took over the torch of Crete civilization.

BC 1200, a tribe called Dorians invaded and completely destroyed Mycenae civilization. In the next 300 years, Greece fell into a "dark age" of closed poverty. Later, with the arrival of the "Great Migration Era", the civilization here rose again, and a number of city-states appeared, among which Athens and Sparta were more powerful. The city-states fought endlessly, colonized abroad and had a large population.

In the 5th century BC, the Persian Empire began to invade the Greek city-states of Asia Minor, and invaded Athens in 490 BC to win the marathon. 10 years later, the Persian empire attacked again, and the Greek city-states joined forces to resist the enemy, repelling Persia through the battle of Wenquanguan and the naval battle of Salami Bay. The Greek city-states continued to scuffle, first Athens dominated, then the Peloponnesian War broke out with Sparta, and finally Sparta won, but the hegemony was not long.

During this period, Macedonia in northern Greece rose. In 338 BC, Macedonia defeated the Greek allied forces and gained control over the whole of Greece. In 336 BC, Alexander the Macedonian Empire ascended the throne, which quickly quelled the resistance of the Greek city-states. Two years later, he led an army to cross the sea and March eastward. In 33 1 BC, Alexander conquered Babylon, destroyed the Persian Empire, and continued eastward to the Indus Valley. In 323 BC, Alexander died of illness, his huge empire was carved up, and the history of ancient Greece ended. However, with Alexander's journey, Greek civilization entered the Hellenistic era of foreign exchange.

The ancient Greek civilization was relatively developed and made great achievements in philosophy, literature, architecture, democracy, colonization and sports. Later, the ancient Greek region was conquered by the Roman Empire, and its civilization was destructively absorbed into the ancient Roman civilization, that is, on the one hand, Rome destroyed many ancient Greek civilizations, on the other hand, it learned and absorbed some. After the decline of the Roman Empire, the Arab Empire and the Ottoman Empire successively ruled parts of ancient Greece, and Islamic civilization once took its place.

Fortunately, the Eastern Roman Empire stubbornly continued for nearly 1000 years after the demise of the Western Roman Empire, thus inheriting some ancient Greek and Roman civilizations. In the European Renaissance, some ancient Greek and Roman classics were re-valued, which promoted the spiritual enlightenment in Europe at that time and made great contributions to the rise of modern western civilization.