The influence of wealth effect on immigrant places

Generally speaking, the influence of immigration on emigration is not conducive to wealth growth in the long run, except in the historical period when economic depression and other reasons have caused great population pressure.

15 After the "geographical discovery" at the end of 2006 and the beginning of 2006, Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, Britain and other countries successively established colonies in various parts of the world and immigrated there in large numbers.

Empirical studies have proved that many suzerain countries' fiscal expenditures in the colonies are not less than the fiscal revenues obtained from the colonies. As far as trade income is concerned, the close connection with colonial economy has indeed opened up the source of raw materials and the market of commodities for the domestic market, thus obtaining huge trade profits. However, as far as long-term immigration is concerned, especially in the case that the above-mentioned colonies have fallen one after another, completely localized immigrants have basically no wealth significance to the original sovereign state.

Undoubtedly, more than 60 million immigrants from Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, Britain, France and other countries have created economic prosperity in most countries, such as Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, the United States, Canada, South America, etc., and at the same time, they have caused inevitable wealth losses in their countries of origin, leaving only some cultural and blood ties.

There are also cases in history in which people are forced to move voluntarily. In Spanish history, Jews were wrongly expelled, and later Moors were also expelled. The persecution of German Nazis also caused many excellent Jews to emigrate to the United States and other countries, which was unfavorable to their wealth and economic growth.

For the sending countries, the real tangible benefit is the so-called remittance income of immigrants to the sending countries. According to the statistics of the World Bank, in 20001year, developing countries received 72.3 billion US dollars of immigrant remittances, accounting for 1.3% of their comprehensive GDP and 42% of the total foreign direct investment of developing countries. The above research only found one aspect of immigrant remittance, and did not compare the wealth value of money carried by investment immigrants and technology carried by skilled immigrants.

As far as China is concerned, in recent years, the accumulated wealth lost by so-called investment immigrants has exceeded $50 billion.

Unlike Mexico and other countries, China's immigration can't alleviate its population pressure. Due to/kloc-0.08 million Mexican-born population, about 8 million people now live in the United States-close to 8% of Mexico's population, which is not only huge, but also dominated by labor. For countries like China and India, the situation is completely different: the real surplus labor force cannot be exported because of the restrictions of immigration laws in developed countries; The serious scarcity of high-tech talents and the wealthy class carrying wealth are the mainstream immigrants in the above-mentioned developed countries.

China has a large population. Although 30 million to 40 million immigrants are not a small number, the proportion is actually very low compared with a big country with a population of 654.38+03 billion. Only the link of China's economic opening to the outside world is not enough to have an obvious negative impact on its wealth when a large number of European people migrate to colonies.

In short, in most cases, population migration is conducive to the optimal allocation of global production factors and the increase of human wealth. But for local regional economy, population migration itself is the loss of production factors, and population migration itself is the increase of production factors. Therefore, in the long run, population migration is more conducive to the wealth growth of population-importing countries, but not to the wealth growth of population-exporting countries.

For developed countries, we should not exaggerate the employment crowding-out effect of immigrants and set too many immigration policy obstacles; For developing countries, the so-called venture capital migration, skilled migration, and the overseas detention of international students have caused the loss of wealth in population output, which is far greater than the meager remittance income. Therefore, we should adjust the export structure of immigrants, encourage the export of labor services and retain the carrier of technology and capital.