The wartime period in Canadian history

At the beginning of the 20th century in Canada before World War II, when the leader of the Liberal Party, W laurier, was in power, the capitalist economy in Canada developed rapidly. With the completion of the transcontinental railway trunk line, a large number of immigrants flocked to the west to set up farms. The population in the west has increased sharply, the agricultural area has been expanding and the grain output has doubled. The grassland area in the west has become one of the largest barns in the world. Modern industries, including mining, electric power, steel, railway equipment, agricultural machinery manufacturing and other industrial sectors have developed rapidly. A national transportation network dominated by railways began to take shape. Many new cities have appeared along the railway. Montreal and Toronto have become the national economic and cultural centers.

When World War I broke out, Canada declared war on Germany after Britain. During the war, the state mobilized nearly 600,000 troops and undertook a large number of military supplies. After the war, the domestic economy declined, the people lived in poverty and the workers' movement developed. 19 19 A general strike broke out in Winnipeg (see the general strike in Winnipeg).

192 1 year, the leader of the liberal party, W.L.M King, came to power. Canada's capitalist economy has experienced a prosperous period. Agriculture has entered the stage of mechanization. From 65438 to 0920, Canada's total exports to the United States exceeded its total exports to Britain. American investment in Canada has also grown rapidly. The relationship between Canada and the United States is getting closer and closer.

After World War I, Canada stepped up its struggle for autonomy, especially diplomatic autonomy. For the first time, Canada participated in the signing of the post-war Paris Peace Treaty as an independent country and joined the League of Nations. 1926, the British Empire Conference declared that Dominion was equal to Britain, and acknowledged that Dominion had a completely independent position in internal affairs and foreign affairs. 193 1 year, the British Parliament passed the Westminster Act, and Canada became an independent country and a member of the Commonwealth.

The capitalist world economic crisis that broke out in the late 1920s also hit Canada hard. In order to tide over the crisis, the Conservative government of R.B. Bennett 1935 urged the Parliament to pass the New Deal Bill of Canada, and took measures such as raising tariffs and distributing unemployment benefits, but failed to extricate the people from their predicament. During the crisis, political parties and organizations such as the "Civilian Cooperation Alliance" headquartered in the west and the Social Credit Party in Alberta seem to be promoting social reformism.

After the outbreak of World War II and the post-war period, Canada declared war on Germany on September 9, 1939. 1940 In August, the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Canada reached an agreement in Odensburg, announcing the establishment of the Canada-US Joint Defense Standing Committee. 1941April, the two countries decided to provide each other with resources in order to maximize the production of military products.

During the war, Canada mobilized about 6,543,800 troops. The Canadian army took part in the battle to defend Hong Kong and fought on the European battlefield. Canada provided financial funds to Britain, produced a large number of weapons and equipment, and provided military supplies to Commonwealth member countries and other participating countries. Dr. H.N. Bethune, a Canadian internationalist, devoted himself to the cause of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression of the people of China.

1949, Canada joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 1958 signed the North American air defense agreement with the United States, which further expanded the capital export and commodity export of the United States to Canada, and formed a situation in which Canada relied on the United States. Since the 1960s, the Canadian people have opposed foreign capital control, safeguarded national independence and taken measures to accelerate their own economic development.