The life of Lawrence, a prodigy

In the star-studded history of western literature, his position is just like Rousseau and arthur rimbaud in France, Poe in the United States, or Blake and Joyce in Britain.

He is very controversial, and is regarded as a particularly great geek ......

His books have been criticized and once banned, but he has countless loyal followers and defenders,

His works are deeply influenced by Freud's psychoanalysis. These novels, Sons and Lovers, Women in Love and Lady Chatterley's Lover, all revolve around sexual life. He regards people's sexual desire as the root of all life phenomena, which has aroused a wave of doubts in the literary world at that time.

? Growing experience

In 1885, a miner's family in Nottinghamshire, England welcomed another boy.

"that house is located between a row of miners' houses; Red brick, dirty, two rooms upstairs, two rooms downstairs, only 13 feet wide, a window. "

There are similar sloppy streets and dense houses along the hillside. People here rarely study. Most boys leave school at the age of twelve and become miners, working in the semi-dark environment between rocks and coal.

Lawrence's father, a coal miner who often drinks and has no education.

Mother Lydia was born in a Puritan family, received a good education and worked as a teacher.

Parents with different educational backgrounds, world outlook and values definitely make Lawrence's life full of quarrels.

Fortunately, Lawrence, who is quiet, shy and introverted, grew up peacefully with ardent maternal love and brotherhood of brothers and sisters.

He inherited his mother's sympathy and romantic imagination.

This childhood atmosphere was also written into his literary works-Chrysanthemum Fragrance and the novel Sons and Lovers.

In the spring of p>1898, Lawrence won a scholarship to Nottingham Middle School at the age of 12.

At the end of p>194, he passed the Royal Scholarship Examination and got a free entrance to the Teachers College.

This frail young man worked as a primary school teacher and a factory employee to raise tuition fees. At the age of 21, he entered Nottingham University to study. Finally, he found himself on the road of writing.

? The literary world shines

Lawrence lived only 45 years old. In his short life, he published more than 1 novels, more than 7 short stories, 1 poems, 4 plays, 3 travel notes, 5 theoretical works, a large number of essays, essays and letters, and many paintings.

He especially likes to write about human instinct and the power of nature. This description of the primitive is full of passion, with the purpose of calling people to rebuild modernity from the ruins of civilization in the industrial age.

Because he is natural and primitive, his feelings are sincere and his words are more touching, so he is sought after by many people.

However, he will also be reviled by some people who oppose his ideas.

from the perspective of modern people, all Lawrence's novels highlight the theme he wants to express: "destroying nature and returning to nature".

For example, in the first novel "White Peacock",

The emotional relationship in Lawrence's works often explores the fundamental topic of "people struggling between civilization and nature" through symbolic means.

In p>1913, Lawrence wrote his famous work Sons and Lovers.

The profound feature of this novel is that it created the precedent of Freud's Oedipus Complex in literary expression, and turned this novel into an aesthetic discussion about Oedipus Complex.

The protagonist Paul Morel finally went to the city in the pain of his lover's breakup and his mother's death, and the open ending made readers unforgettable.

In addition, the novel deliberately downplays the plot and characters, and pays attention to depicting the subtle feelings of the inner world.

Virginia Woolf, a famous British woman writer, said after reading Sons and Lovers:

"This novel seems to condense, abbreviate and reduce all kinds of scenes to the simplest and clearest level, so that the characters are directly and naked in front of us. We can't watch for more than a second, we must hurry forward. "

Lawrence rose to fame as soon as he first appeared in Wentang, which had a certain influence on the society. Especially the novel Rainbow published in 1915.

The weight of The Rainbow is equivalent to Ba Jin's Home, Mao Dun's Midnight or Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury in the history of American literature.

This is a typical family chronicle. Through the stories of three generations of Brevins, it reveals the change of British society from traditional rural life to urban model, which is a creative analysis of the internal life of society in the stage of change and collapse.

from 1915 to 1922, it was the middle period of Lawrence's creation. At this time, his works "protested against the cruel, inhuman and distorted capitalist civilization, more strongly than other works".

The characters in his works that are distorted and alienated by suppressing the ID are unforgettable.

His short and medium stories, such as England, My England, Colonel Doll, Fox, etc., are also very wonderful, and his writing style further develops towards modernism.

Rising to the Top

In the early 2th century, there were many schools of thought in English literature, but it was difficult for Lawrence to integrate into any group.

on the one hand, Lawrence had no position in Bloomsbury cultural circle represented by middle-class elites such as Virginia Woolf and T.S. Eliot at that time.

On the other hand, he was out of tune with his birthplace and the living atmosphere in the mining areas in central England.

He broke away from his family, class and culture in a shocking way, and gradually alienated from the working class;

At the same time, he constantly overthrew people's recognition of his status as a poet and novelist, wrote words that his contemporaries hated more than once, and his career was in trouble.

In p>1915, after the novel The Rainbow was banned, Lawrence clearly felt that he was out of touch with "the world that controlled news, publishing and everything".

After World War I, he broke off contact with the British mainland and started a new stage of his life with no hesitation.

? Love legend

In 1912, when Lawrence visited his French professor weekley, he fell in love with his teacher's wife Frieda at first sight.

Lawrence wrote: "The world is incomparable and beautiful, and its beauty exceeds the boldest imagination of mankind. Never, never, never imagine what love is, remember, never. Life is the ultimate beauty, it must be. Thank God, I have proved all this. "

On May 3rd of the same year, they eloped to Frieda's hometown of Metz, which was a disputed Bavarian region on the border between France and Germany and a German military fortress at that time.

Lawrence was mistakenly regarded as a British spy here, and was put in prison. Thanks to Frieda's father's efforts, he was released.

After many twists and turns, they finally reunited in England in the summer of 1914 and tied the knot. Although they have experienced many twists and turns and are very controversial, their feelings are very real and sincere.

However, the war and the difficulty in publishing novels cast a shadow over Lawrence's happy life.

During this period, Lawrence joined the anti-war alliance. During the First World War, because Lawrence advocated peace and his wife was German, the couple were sometimes accused of being German spies and were harassed by officials in Britain.

In p>1919, after the war, they emigrated and lived in exile for more than ten years, which was called "barbaric pilgrimage" by Lawrence.

drift from place to place

In the last ten years of Lawrence's life, he was actually drift from place to place.

After he fled from Britain, which he thought was decadent, he traveled all over Italy, Oceania and America.

He lived in Ceng Zui in the mountains of Western Australia, and once stopped in the primitive and natural Sicily.

He crossed the bleak Alps valley, meditated in the ancient Aztec culture in Mexico, and meditated in the Etruscan civilization in southern Europe.

It is precisely because he is in turmoil that his creative climax is stimulated. During this time, he wrote brilliant travel notes, essays, essays, poems and even began to concentrate on painting.

In p>193, Lawrence relapsed from pneumonia and died in Cannes at the age of 45.

After traveling around the world, his reflection on the essence and existence of life became more profound. The study of Fraser's anthropological masterpiece The Golden Branch and his field trips in southern Europe and South America led to his literary innovation and sublimation.

Lawrence's novels in his later period went beyond the limitation of realism and the category of modernist novels.

With the help of literary and religious symbols, he incorporated human behavior into ancient myths and fables.

He has completed a series of works with American-Mexican-Italian themes, such as Feather Snake, Woman Riding Away, Princess, Sun and so on.

Lawrence really wants to explore ways to save the crisis of modern European civilization from foreign culture, primitivism and natural nature, and to find such an Eden where modern people return to themselves.

Even though he suffered so many setbacks, Lawrence never stopped writing. Before the arrival of death, he also finished the collection of poems The Last Poetry and the collection of Revelation.

After Lawrence's death, the famous writer Huxley and more than a dozen close friends buried him.

People used colorful pebbles on the beach in Cannes to embed Lawrence's favorite pattern-a phoenix-to symbolize this great writer.

His ashes were finally moved to the ranch in Taos, USA, which was the peaceful place he hoped for before.

critic Leavis commented on Lawrence: "In the English language, Lawrence is a genius giant of our time ...

He is a very bold and radical innovator in' form', techniques and techniques,

What drives him to invent and experiment is his serious and urgent concern for life"

No matter whether Lawrence's novels or short stories, ".

Decades later, Doris Lessing, a female writer who won the Nobel Prize in 27, also spoke highly of Lawrence: "He is a genius, living in the center of English literature and has his stable position in world literature."