What are the development policies of China electric power industry (during the 12th Five-Year Plan period)?

The basic principles for the development of electric power industry are: taking scientific and technological innovation as the driving force, taking the transformation of electric power development mode as the main line, adhering to saving priority, giving priority to the development of hydropower, optimizing the development of coal-fired power, vigorously developing nuclear power, actively promoting new energy power generation, moderately developing natural gas centralized power generation, developing distributed power generation according to local conditions, and promoting green and harmonious development.

Give priority to the development of hydropower. China is rich in hydropower resources, has the conditions for centralized and large-scale development, and has mature hydropower technology. Giving priority to the development and utilization of green renewable hydropower resources is an important support to realize the sustainable development of resources in China. On the premise of adhering to unified planning, strengthening ecological protection, and doing a good job in resettlement, we will speed up the approval to start a number of large and medium-sized hydropower projects, promote the comprehensive development of cascade hydropower stations in key river basins, develop small and medium-sized hydropower stations according to local conditions, improve relevant policies and measures for hydropower, and ensure the full utilization of hydropower resources. Strengthen the development of pumped storage and improve the economy and flexibility of power system operation.

Accelerate the planning, survey and design of hydropower basin to ensure the continuous rolling development of hydropower base. We will continue to accelerate the construction of the 13 hydropower base, focus on the development of large hydropower base power stations in Sichuan, Yunnan and Qinghai, actively carry out basin planning and preliminary work in Tibet, and start construction in due course. Actively develop small and medium-sized hydropower stations, promote the optimization of energy supply structure, and promote the optimal allocation of hydropower resources in a wider range. Implement and strengthen ecological environment protection in the whole process of river planning, survey and design, construction and operation, so as to achieve synchronous planning, synchronous construction and synchronous operation. Combined with the regional, river ecological environment and the actual resettlement, the river development planning scheme will be further optimized and adjusted, and the layout of high dams and large reservoirs and hydropower stations will be moderately controlled. Establish a state-level immigration management institution to co-ordinate and coordinate the national hydropower resettlement work, and be responsible for the coordinated management of hydropower bases with a capacity of 6.5438+million kilowatts, hydropower stations with a capacity of 6.5438+million kilowatts and inter-provincial hydropower stations. Gradually promote the resettlement priority policy, embody the people-oriented development concept, and let the local economy and people really benefit from hydropower development.

Pay attention to the research on the consumption market of hydropower base. On the basis of meeting the local power demand, the hydropower will be reasonably transported to the eastern and central regions with large market demand and high electricity price tolerance. Pay attention to the study of seasonal electricity consumption of southwest hydropower, rely on price and market mechanism, expand the consumption range and minimize the abandonment of water. Strengthen the study of hydropower transmission planning, speed up the construction of transmission channels and promote the coordinated development of power grids. Strengthen the management of hydropower development, rationally open the hydropower investment market, encourage market competition, and accelerate the construction of hydropower bases. Implement the strategy of going global, actively promote the development of hydropower resources in neighboring countries, and transmit electricity to China.

The pumped storage power station will be integrated into the power system for overall optimization and planning layout, and the investment model and pricing mechanism to promote the healthy and orderly development of pumped storage power station will be studied and formulated, so as to increase the development of pumped storage power, improve the economy and flexibility of power system operation and promote the rational consumption of renewable energy power generation.

During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, six large hydropower bases, including Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba, Jinping Cascade and Nuozhadu, can be put into operation, with an estimated production capacity of about 52 million kilowatts. Other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities as well as Sichuan and Yunnan provinces can produce about 35.5 million kilowatts of non-mainstream hydropower, and the national hydropower production scale is about 87.5 million kilowatts. By 20 15, the installed capacity of conventional hydropower in China is expected to reach about 284 million kilowatts, and the degree of hydropower development will reach about 7 1% (calculated by economically exploitable capacity, the same below), in which the hydropower development in the eastern and central regions is basically completed, and the degree of hydropower development in the western region will reach about 54%.

Optimize the development of coal and electricity. Coal is the main primary energy in China, and coal-fired power will exist for a long time as the basic energy for power generation in China. Comprehensively consider the land resources, air pollution, transportation bottleneck, economy and other factors in the central and eastern load centers, optimize the layout of coal and electricity, accelerate the integrated development of coal and electricity in the western and northern coal bases, build pithead power stations, and promote the simultaneous transportation of coal and electricity; Give priority to the development of cogeneration in areas where heating load is implemented; Actively apply advanced clean coal-fired power generation technologies such as large-capacity and high-parameter coal-fired generating units, integrated coal gasification (IGCC) and circulating fluidized bed (CFB) to realize the sustainable development of coal-fired power generation.

Promote the integrated development of coal and electricity, and accelerate the construction of large coal and electricity bases. We will implement the national strategy of developing the western region, speed up the construction of large-scale coal-fired power bases in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Xinjiang and other coal-rich areas, reasonably control the installed scale of coal-fired power in the eastern region, and adhere to both coal and electricity. Promote the integrated development of coal and electricity in coal-fired power bases and develop comprehensive utilization projects of coal gangue in mining areas according to local conditions.

Encourage the development of cogeneration. Coordinate various combustion modes of coal and gas, and combine urban heating pipe network, industrial park construction, small boiler replacement, etc. Unified planning of cogeneration projects with high parameters, environmental protection units and in line with national policies. The construction of enterprise-owned power supply should be integrated with the development of power supply, heat source and power grid in surrounding areas.

Promote the green development of coal-fired power generation and vigorously promote clean coal-fired power generation technology. Large-capacity, air-cooled and supercritical coal-fired units are mainly distributed in the western and northern regions, and large-capacity ultra-supercritical coal-fired units supported by loads are appropriately distributed in the receiving areas in the eastern and central regions. Accelerate the transformation of energy saving and emission reduction of existing units, carry out transformation according to local conditions, and shut down and eliminate small thermal power plants with high coal consumption and heavy pollution.

During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the national planned coal-fired power start-up scale was 300 million kilowatts, of which the coal-fired power base started construction of 65.438+97 million kilowatts, accounting for 66%; The production scale is 290 million kilowatts, of which the coal-fired power base is 65.438+0.5 billion kilowatts, accounting for 52%, and the receiving area in the eastern and central regions is 85 million kilowatts, accounting for 28%. In 20 15 years, the installed capacity of coal-fired power in China is expected to reach 933 million kilowatts.

Vigorously develop nuclear power. With the accelerated growth of energy demand, the cost and price of fossil energy are rising. At present, the power generation cost of nuclear power in China is lower than that of coal-fired power in the load center. Vigorously developing nuclear power, that is, developing nuclear power efficiently on the basis of ensuring safety, is the key to ensuring China's energy and electricity supply and realizing sustainable development.

Attach great importance to nuclear power safety and strengthen the cultural concept of nuclear safety. Adhere to the efficient development of nuclear power on the basis of ensuring safety. Accelerate the formulation and promulgation of technical standards for nuclear power safety, clarify the threshold for nuclear power access, and improve the nuclear power safety mechanism. Give priority to the use of advanced safe nuclear power technology, and establish a high-standard quality assurance system and nuclear safety culture system in the whole process of design, manufacture, construction, operation and decommissioning of nuclear power plants.

Insist on taking me as the main factor, and make clear the technical development route. Adhere to the technical route of PWR-fast breeder reactor/high temperature gas cooled reactor-nuclear fusion reactor. Fully grasp the engineering design and equipment manufacturing technology of the third generation nuclear power, speed up the development of the follow-up projects of the third generation nuclear power, and realize the independent design, independent manufacture, independent construction and independent operation of the advanced PWR in China as soon as possible. Accelerate the construction of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor demonstration project and start the construction of fast breeder reactor demonstration power station. Organize nuclear fusion technology to tackle key problems and strive to be at the forefront of the world.

Unify the technical standard system and accelerate the localization of nuclear power equipment manufacturing. On the basis of digesting and absorbing foreign standards, combined with the national conditions, China's nuclear power technical standard system in line with international standards will be gradually established and improved. Seize the opportunity of introducing the independent project of the third-generation nuclear power technology construction and the batch development of the second-generation improved units, carry out fixed-point joint research on technical problems, realize the production mode of integrated design and manufacturing, and improve the manufacturing technology and ability of complete nuclear power equipment.

Straighten out the nuclear power development system and accelerate the process of marketization and specialization. Give play to the market mechanism, promote diversified owners and specialization, and gradually increase the number of controlling owners of nuclear power construction. Rationalize the mechanism of nuclear power investment, construction and operation, and vigorously promote the professional development of nuclear power planning, project management and operation and maintenance. Cultivate a healthy, orderly, extensive participation and fair competition in the construction market. Do a good job in nuclear power human resources planning and accelerate the construction of nuclear power talent team. Strengthen the construction of scientific and technological R&D platform, and establish a technological innovation system combining Industry-University-Research's application.

Establish domestic and international nuclear fuel cycle systems. Establish a national nuclear fuel company, speed up the construction of a nuclear fuel cycle system that adapts to two kinds of resources and two markets at home and abroad, increase domestic uranium resources exploration, increase resource reserves, strengthen cooperation with foreign uranium resources exploration and development, and improve the three-channel natural uranium resources guarantee system for uranium trade. Accelerate the construction of spent fuel treatment facilities, form adaptability as soon as possible, and improve the nuclear fuel cycle industrial system.

It is planned that by 20 15, the installed capacity of nuclear power in China will be 42.94 million kilowatts, mainly distributed in coastal areas. The first inland nuclear power plant in China started construction on 20 1 1, and the first unit will be put into production on 20 15.

Actively promote new energy power generation. The development of non-water renewable energy should be positive under the conditions of fully considering the affordability of economic and social electricity prices and reasonably maintaining the international competitiveness of the domestic economy. Actively promote the development of renewable energy sources with mature technologies and great development potential, such as wind power generation, solar power generation and biomass power generation. Accelerate the construction of small-scale renewable energy power generation and solve the problem of electricity consumption in remote rural areas. Promote the development of renewable energy technology and industry, and improve the research and development ability and industrialization level of renewable energy technology.

Actively develop wind power generation. Wind power development should combine large, medium and small, decentralized and centralized, and land and sea development. Through the development and construction of wind power, the technical progress and industrial development of wind power will be promoted, the manufacturing of wind power equipment will be independent, and wind power will be competitive in the market as soon as possible. Focus on the planning and construction of large and super-large wind farms in the "Three North" areas (northwest, north and northeast of North China), and combine the regional characteristics to realize bundled delivery with coal-fired power supply. Simultaneously carry out research on wind power development, consumption market and transmission scheme to promote the scientific development of wind power.

It is planned that by 20 15 years, the installed capacity of wind power will be 1 100 million kilowatts.

Promote the development of solar power generation. Give full play to the advantages of solar photovoltaic power generation suitable for decentralized power supply, promote users to use photovoltaic power generation systems or build small photovoltaic power stations in remote areas to solve the power supply problem of people without electricity. Key areas are Tibet, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Ningxia, Gansu, Yunnan and other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). Install solar photovoltaic power generation devices in urban buildings and public facilities, expand the utilization of urban renewable energy, provide the necessary market scale for solar photovoltaic power generation, and focus on building rooftop photovoltaic power generation in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Shandong and other regions. In order to promote the development of solar power generation technology in China and make a strategic reserve of solar power generation technology, large-scale grid-connected solar photovoltaic power station demonstration projects will be built in Dunhuang, Qaidam Basin, Qinghai and Lhasa (or Ali) in Gansu, and solar thermal power generation demonstration projects will be built in idle land such as deserts, Gobi and wasteland in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang.

During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, we will focus on the development of solar power stations in economically developed and solar-rich areas in northwest China, and the planned capacity of solar power generation will reach about 2 million kilowatts in 20 15.

Moderately develop centralized power generation with natural gas. Natural gas is a clean fossil energy with high economic added value. With the rapid growth of people's livelihood, transportation and industrial gas, the gas available for power generation is limited. Natural gas should be given priority to urban and rural residents' lives and non-power industries, and centralized natural gas power generation mainly plays a peak-shaving role in the power grid. Cooperate with the construction of LNG receiving stations in the eastern coastal areas and moderately build gas-fired power stations. Build natural gas power stations in areas rich in natural gas to solve the problem of local electricity consumption.

Develop distributed power generation according to local conditions. Combined with the layout of urban and rural natural gas pipelines, promote the development of distributed combined cooling, heating and power supply and improve the utilization efficiency of natural gas; Encourage the development of small hydropower in areas with water resources; Develop small-scale wind power generation and solar energy utilization in areas with wind or solar energy resources; Promote the development of distributed energy supply system combining distributed power generation and energy storage facilities, and accelerate the research and application of microgrid technology.