Is the temperature of Mars suitable for human habitation?

On Mars, 95% of the gas is carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide warms the earth, but it doesn't warm Mars. Because the atmosphere on Mars is thin, the density is less than 1% of the earth's atmosphere, and there is no way to preserve the heat, so the surface temperature of Mars is very low, rarely exceeding 0 degrees Celsius; In winter, the surface temperature of Mars will even reach-140 degrees Celsius.

At the poles of Mars, even carbon dioxide will turn into ice at such a low temperature. Dry ice forms thick ice sheets at the poles of Mars, just like icebergs at the north and south poles of the earth. These natural conditions constitute the unique climate environment on Mars.

American "Mars Millennium Transformation" Plan

The "Mars Millennium Transformation" plan is divided into six steps:

1. Human astronauts first need to land on Mars and conduct a series of exploration missions on Mars for several years. Every time there is a manned mission to mars, astronauts will build a small living base on Mars.

2. After about 100 years, scientists will release carbon dioxide frozen in the soil by various methods, which will make Mars "global warming". About 3 billion years ago, the surface of Mars was surrounded by a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide, but as Mars became cold, most of the carbon dioxide was absorbed by the soil and frozen. When carbon dioxide frozen in Martian soil and polar ice sheets is gradually released into the air, Mars will gradually form an atmosphere.

3.200 years later, when Mars gets warmer, the carbon dioxide gas released from the surface of Mars is enough to form a certain atmospheric pressure over Mars. At this time, liquid water will flow on the surface of Mars, water will start to evaporate, and weather phenomena such as rain and snow will appear on Mars. Humans can bring bacteria and mosses that are still alive in the extreme climate of Antarctica to Mars to breed, and microorganisms, algae and mosses may all survive on the rocks of Mars.

4.600 years later, when microorganisms produce enough organic soil on the surface of Mars and release some oxygen into the atmosphere, humans will be able to transplant some flowering plants to the surface of Mars, and conifers or temperate forests will eventually take root on Mars. The growth of plants means that more oxygen will be produced on Mars, and photosynthesis will turn more and more carbon dioxide into oxygen.

After 5900 years, mankind will be able to establish a colony on Mars, and build nuclear power plants and wind power stations on Mars to provide a steady stream of energy for the Martian colony.

6. That is, in about 1000 years, humans will be able to immigrate to Mars and there will be many closed cities with domes on Mars. At this time, the average temperature at the equator of Mars has reached 4 degrees Celsius, and the atmosphere of Mars will contain 50% carbon dioxide gas, 40% nitrogen gas, 5% oxygen gas and 5% other gases.

However, due to the low oxygen content on Mars after 1000 years, Martians still need to wear oxygen masks when diving on the surface of Mars.