Where is Cai Lun from?

Question 1: Where does Cai Lun come from? Cai Lun's invention and innovation is not only about papermaking, he "supervised the secret swords and all kinds of instruments, all of which were exquisite and dense, and became the law of later generations". "There is the crossbow of Taifu Cai and the sword of Longting for nine years, which is famous all over the world." Portrait of Cai Lun

Cai Lun was recorded as a "Guiyang native" in the History of the East View and the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, but the dispute over his native place has a long history. At present, there are two main opinions: one is that he is from Guiyang County, Hunan Province, and the other is that he is from Leiyang County, Hunan Province today.

I am from Leiyang, Hengyang City, Hunan Province. You can visit Cai Lun Bamboo Sea and Cai Lun Memorial Park in Baidu. They are all in Leiyang.

Question 2: Where does Cai Lun come from? The weekend edition of Chenzhou Daily published an article entitled "Cai Lun's Two Thousand-Year Festival", arguing that "the Book of the Later Han Dynasty has been clearly recorded and there is no criticism, but later generations put brackets after Guiyang and Cai Lun, or today's Chenzhou people, or today's leiyang city people. It can be said that there are many different names.

Cai Lun is a native of Guiyang. "What about people? Biography of Officials was originally made very clear, but there was a county in Guiyang at that time, and the author Ye Fan didn't say it completely, leaving room for controversy. So, where is Cai Lun from?

According to the Records of Guiyang County in Zhili, "Cai papermaking originated in Luoyang. Now there is Cailun Well in the south gate of Honshu, and Yun Chuan's former residence is unfathomable. There are tunnels below, rocks are tortuous, and there are many carvings on the side ... "Wang Yun, a scholar of the late Qing Dynasty, always usurped, thinking that" there is no need to make paper, lest Cai Hou's old tomb ". Cai Lun papermaking, "originated in Luoyang", even if it is made in my hometown, there is no need to bend the pool. What's more, Cai Lun committed suicide by taking poison because of political problems, and was finally declared "Chinese exclusion". It is obviously impossible for him to be buried in his hometown after his death. It can be said that Cailun Well is the hometown of Cai Lun, but the evidence is insufficient. It is said that there is also the Kuixing Building, which is the Cai Lun Temple dedicated to incense. Unfortunately, it no longer exists.

Cai Zichi, Cailun Tomb, Shijiu (used to smash our cloth and fishing nets), Paper Bridge (Zhou Jia Wharf by Leiyang River, known as Cai Lun Paper Mill in history) and Ding Yu in Leiyang County were all built by later generations to commemorate Cai Lun. The former residence of Leiyang in Cai Lun is said to have existed before Tuoba's family in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Whether it is a real old house or the setting of later generations, as a relic, it should definitely be the oldest.

Chen lives in the south county of ancient Jingzhou, which is divided into 36 counties and Chen lives in Changsha County. Guguiyang County was a first-class administrative unit established in the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu (202 BC), and it was one of the 103 counties in the early Han Dynasty. At first, it reaches Hengshan in the north, Yingde in Guangdong in the south, Quanzhou and Guanyang in Guangxi in the west, spanning the vast areas under the jurisdiction of Chenzhou, Hengyang, Shaoguan, Qingyuan, Yongzhou and Guilin, while the county seat is located in Chenxian County, Chenzhou City. Later, Lingling County and Shixing County were separated from Guiyang County, with different jurisdictions, but the name of Guiyang County continued until the Song Dynasty, stretching back and forth for more than a thousand years.

Cai Lun was the East * * *, and when Emperor Hanming entered the DPRK, Emperor Zhang built junior high school as Xiaohuangmen. In the ninth year of Yongyuan (AD 87), he supervised the secret sword and various instruments, all of which were carefully crafted, which was the law of later generations. Use bark, hemp head, cloth and fishing net as paper; In the first year of Yuan Xing (A.D. 105), the ability to spread the emperor was good, so it was inevitable to use it. In the third year of Andiyuan (A.D. 1 14), Long Ting was blocked; In the second year of Andi Yongning (AD 12 1), he committed suicide by drinking medicine.

Cai Lun lived and worked in the Eastern Han Dynasty. If Guiyang in that era refers to Guiyang County, it should be Lian County, Guangdong Province, which is indisputable, but Lian County has no documentary basis. If it refers to Guiyang County in Chenzhou today, and this place was called Pingyang in ancient times, it is the territory west of Chenzhou County. In the era of Cai Lun, there was no sign of Pingyang, let alone Guiyang. Old Guiyang is not, and neither is New Guiyang County. Then, Leiyang, Chenxian, Lanshan, Zixing, Yongxing, Rucheng, Yangshan, Qujiang, Hanyang and Mianyang are all possible. So, where does his hometown Guiyang County refer to in the Eastern Han Dynasty?

When Ye Fan, the author of the Biography of Officials, wrote about the birthplace of Thirteen Officials, he wrote: "Sun Cheng, a native of Xincheng, Zhuo Jun; Shan Chao, a native of Henan; Cai Lun, a native of Guiyang; Zuo Xian, a native of Pingyin, Henan ... "The native place of these thirteen officials is only ***4 people to write a place name, and ***9 people to write two place names. For example, Shan Chao's Henan People only writes the name of the earth; Zuo Xian, a native of Pingyin, Henan Province, wrote two place names, one big and one small. Writing only one place name is obviously the name of the earth, and the name of the earth must be added before writing a small place name. Because the name of the earth is more famous than the small place name, it is certain that Guiyang, which is also a "Guiyang person", should be the name of the earth, not the small place name Guiyang County.

In fact, Cai Lun is also a native of Guiyang County, and recognized Zhu very early. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Li Daoyuan pointed out in the Notes on Water Classics: "The old county of Leiyang is also named after water. Wang Mang changed his name to Nanping Pavilion, with leishui in the east and Cai Zhou in the northwest. In the west of Cai Lun's hometown of Zhou Xi, there is a Cai Zichi. Lun, Han Huangmen, the world, smashed the fishing net into paper, used it simply, and followed it. "

It is pointed out here that "Leiyang Old County", "East leishui", "Cai Zhou" and "West Cailun House, with Cai Zichi next to it". How specific, subtle and clear, this is the earliest and most authoritative identification that Cai Lun is from Leiyang County, Guiyang County.

Cai Lun is the chief inventor of four great inventions in ancient China and a world cultural celebrity. His existence is ... >>

Question 3: Where is Cai Lun from? I heard that Cai Lun was from Guiyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and now he is from Leiyang ... So I guess he is both from Guiyang and Leiyang. ....

Alas ` ~ ~

Question 4: Who is Cai Lun, the reformer of papermaking in four great inventions of ancient china?

Cai Lun (paper reformer in four great inventions of ancient china)

Cai Lun (6 1 ~ 12 1) was born in Guiyang County (now Guiyang, Hunan Province) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Reformer (non-inventor) of papermaking in four great inventions of ancient china. As an ancient eunuch, he used to write on expensive silk and bamboo boards, but he reformed papermaking and pressed it into paper with bark, fishing nets and bamboo. The invention of papermaking completely rewrote the history of China and even the world, and made Cai Lun stand among the outstanding figures at all times and in all countries.

Cai Lun was born in the fourth year of Yongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 6 1) and died in the first year of Jianguang (AD 12 1).

After Emperor Liu (56-88 AD) ascended the throne, he often went to various counties to select young children to enter the palace. In the 18th year of Yongping (AD 75), Cai Lun was elected as the eunuch of Luoyang Palace, when he was about 15 years old. He can read and write and get excellent grades. In the first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China (AD 76), he was appointed as Xiaohuangmen (Little Eunuch).

Statue of Cai Lun

). After that, he served as assistant minister of Huangmen, responsible for conveying official business inside and outside the palace, guiding the king to meet and arranging seats.

Dou Taihou, the imperial palace, had no children. Cai Lun framed Song Guiren, the princess of Zhang Di, and ordered her to commit suicide. Liu Qing, the son of Song Guiren, was demoted to the king of Qinghe. Dou Hou also ordered people to send "flying letters" (anonymous letters) to frame Liang Guiren, the concubine of Emperor Zhang, and seized his son Liu Zhao as his adopted son, making him a prince. In 88 AD, Emperor Zhang died, and he succeeded to the throne at the age of 10, and Dou Taihou was in charge. Cai Lun was promoted to be a constant servant because of his work, accompanying the young emperor, participating in state secrets, and earning a salary of 2,000 yuan, which is equal to Jiuqing.

In the ninth year of Yongping (AD 97), Dou Taihou died, and the emperor personally stepped out. In the 14th year of Yongyuan (A.D. 102), Cai Lun immediately took refuge in Empress Deng after Emperor Deng Sui was made Queen. Deng Sui likes dancing and writing, and Cai Lun is willing to condescend to serve as an official, in charge of the royal palace vessels and the royal palace manual workshops.

During this period, he summarized the paper-making experience since the Western Han Dynasty, improved the paper-making technology, extracted high-quality paper from raw materials such as bark, rags (linen), hemp heads, fishnets, etc., and reported it to the court in the first year of Yuan Xing (A.D. 105), which was praised by Emperor He and promoted the development of paper-making technology. The paper he supervised was called Cai Hou's Paper.

In the same year, the 100-day baby born to He Di and Deng Hou acceded to the throne and died in less than two years. After Deng, 13-year-old nephew Liu Hu (AD 94 ~ 125) succeeded to Andi. Liu Hu is the son of Liu Qing, the king of Qinghe. However, due to the fact that Empress Deng was still in charge of the political affairs in the early days of her accession to the throne, Cai Lun continued to be reused and was named "Dragon Pavilion Hou" (the fief was now in Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province), and she has since stepped into the ranks of aristocrats.

About the fifth to sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty (A.D.11119), Cai Lun was promoted to be a teacher of Changle, equivalent to an older age, and became the chief servant of Empress Dowager Deng, who was flattered by hundreds of civil and military officials in the Qing Dynasty. At the height of his power, in the first year of Jianguang (A.D. 12 1), Empress Dowager Deng died and Andi succeeded to the throne. Cai Lun was tried and investigated for being instructed by Dou Hou to participate in persecuting Song Guiren, the grandmother of Qin Shihuang, to death and depriving his father Liu Qing of the right to inherit the throne. Cai Lun knew that the death penalty was inevitable and committed suicide.

Cai Lun served as an official in the imperial palace all his life, served four young emperors, took refuge in two queens, rose step by step, lived the life of a marquis, and was honored as a minister with nine grades there, but ended in tragic death. However, he promoted the development of handicraft industry when he respected Fang, and was called a scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty. So it will be remembered by future generations and won the praise of historians.

[4] According to "Were? Biography of Cai Lun records that during his administration, he "supervised secret strokes and all kinds of documents, all of which were exquisite and secret, and became the law of later generations". Modern archaeology

Cai Lun bust.

The excavated objects have also been proved to be true. Shang Fangling was originally an official of a small court, in charge of the manufacture of various palace utensils such as swords, which was out of proportion to Zhong Changshi's high position. But Cai Lun tried his best to please, and everything the emperor and queen liked was refined in the square. Deng Houxi likes writing, history, paper and ink, which once made all counties pay tribute to paper and ink. Therefore, Cai Lun became a key figure in promoting the development of papermaking in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Because of its location, Cai Lun was able to observe and get in touch with production practice. Every time he is free, he closes the door and goes to the workshop for technical inspection to learn and summarize the rich experience accumulated by craftsmen for many years. Coupled with his own ingenious innovation, it played a great role in promoting the development of metal smelting, casting, forging and mechanical manufacturing processes at that time. For example, the steel knife at that time was made of fried iron, and after many forging, it became steel. The artifacts made at that time were indeed made by seiko in quality, performance and appearance, and future generations can imitate them.

However, Cai Lun's most outstanding contribution to technology is still in papermaking, roughly ... >; & gt

Question 5: Where is Cai Lun from? Cai Lun is from Guiyang County.

Guiyang County governs eleven counties in southern Hunan and northern Guangdong, including Chen, Linwu, Bian (now Yongxing), Nanping (now Lanshan), Leiyang, Guiyang (now Lianxian), Yangshan, Qujiang, Han, Mianyang and Yinshan, and governs Chenzhou, Hunan.

Cai Lun (? -12 1) from Guiyang county in the eastern Han dynasty. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Yongping entered the palace as a minister. In the second year of Zhanghe (AD 88), Cai Lun was promoted to be a constant servant for his meritorious service to the Empress Dowager, and Cai Lun also served as an official as your respectful name Jiuqing [2]. Cai Lun summed up people's paper-making experience in the past, innovated the paper-making technology, and finally made "Cai Hou Paper". In the first year of Yuanxing (A.D. 105), it was reported to the court, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered the popularization of his papermaking method.

Question 6: Where did Cai Lun, the four great inventors of ancient times come from? Generally speaking, Cai Lun was born in Guiyang County today. At the foot of Baoshan, it is commonly known as Cai Ziping. The Official History of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Book of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the Book of the Later Han Dynasty written by Ye Fan, a Southern Song Dynasty, all recorded that "Cai Lun is respectful and faithful, and Guiyang people also respect him". The Genealogy of Cai's Family, now preserved in Hongxi Village, recorded this evolution and continued the sequence of eight years of Kangxi: "Yu's ancestor was named as Houqilun in Long Ting and lived in the south of Guiyang." Tongzhi records in Qing Dynasty: "There is Cailun Well in the south gate of this state, and the former residence of Chuan Yunlun is also" [1 1].

However, there are still some problems for a long time, especially the two former territories of Guiyang County are arguing endlessly about the specific location of Cai Lun's hometown. Chen County and Leiyang County in Guiyang County may also be the birthplace of Cai Lun [17].

Question 7: When did Cai Lun come from China and what was his name? Cai Lun (eunuch of the Eastern Han Dynasty, inventor of "Cai Hou Paper") and Cai Lun (? -12 1) from Guiyang county in the eastern Han dynasty. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Yongping entered the palace as a minister. In the second year of Zhanghe (AD 88), Cai Lun was promoted to be a constant servant because of his meritorious service to the Empress Dowager, and Cai Lun was also an official as your respectful name Jiuqing [2]. Cai Lun summed up people's paper-making experience in the past, innovated the paper-making technology, and finally made "Cai Hou Paper". In the first year of Yuan Xing (A.D. 105), it was reported to the imperial court, and Han and Emperor ordered the popularization of his papermaking method. In the first year of Jianguang (A.D. 12 1), he committed suicide because of a power struggle.

Cai Lun's papermaking is listed as the "Four Great Inventions" in ancient China, which has made outstanding contributions to the spread of human culture and the progress of world civilization, and has been respected by people for thousands of years. It is regarded as the originator of papermaking and the "paper god" by papermaking workers.

Question 8: Who is Cai Lun? Cai Lun (inventor of papermaking in four great inventions of ancient china)

Cai Lun (6 1 ~ 12 1) was born in Guiyang County (now Guiyang, Hunan Province) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Paper-making reformers in four great inventions of ancient china! As an ancient eunuch, he used to write on expensive silk and bamboo boards, but he reformed papermaking and pressed it into paper with bark, fishing nets and bamboo. The invention of papermaking completely rewrote the history of China and even the world, and made Cai Lun stand among the outstanding figures at all times and in all countries.

Cai Lun was born in the fourth year of Yongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 6 1) and died in the first year of Jianguang (AD 12 1).

After Emperor Liu (56-88 AD) ascended the throne, he often went to various counties to select young children to enter the palace. In the 18th year of Yongping (AD 75), Cai Lun was elected as the eunuch of Luoyang Palace, when he was about 15 years old. He can read and write, and his grades are excellent. In the first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China (AD 76), he was appointed as Xiaohuangmen (junior eunuch). After that, he served as assistant minister of Huangmen, responsible for conveying official business inside and outside the palace, guiding the king to meet and arranging seats.

Dou Taihou, the imperial palace, had no children. Cai Lun framed Song Guiren, the princess of Zhang Di, and ordered her to commit suicide. Liu Qing, the son of Song Guiren, was demoted to the king of Qinghe. Dou Hou also ordered people to send "flying letters" (anonymous letters) to frame Liang Guiren, the concubine of Emperor Zhang, and seized his son Liu Zhao as his adopted son, making him a prince. In 88 AD, Emperor Zhang died, and he succeeded to the throne at the age of 10, and Dou Taihou was in charge. Cai Lun was promoted to be a constant servant because of his work, accompanying the young emperor, participating in state secrets, and earning a salary of 2,000 yuan, which is equal to Jiuqing.

Question 9: Is Cai Lun from Hunan? Cai Lun (6 1? ~ 12 1) Zhong Jing, Han nationality, was born in Guiyang County in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The inventor of papermaking among the four great inventions in China. As an ancient eunuch, he wrote on expensive silk and bamboo boards, but he invented papermaking, which was pressed into paper with bark, fishing nets and bamboo. The invention of papermaking completely rewrote the history of China and even the world, and made Cai Lun stand among the outstanding figures at all times and in all countries.

Guiyang County governs Chenxian County, which is now Chenzhou, Hunan Province, and governs southern Hunan and northern Guangdong. Chenzhou has a long history. The bones found in Guiyang county in the late Paleolithic period show that primitive people lived and developed in Chenzhou as early as 10 thousand years ago. The word "Chen" belongs to Chenzhou and was first seen in the Qin Dynasty. It is a seal character "Chen", which is synthesized by the words "Lin" and "Yi", meaning "the city in the forest". The word "Chen" is found in historical biography, and it is the Historical Records written by Sima Qian in Han Dynasty, in which it is recorded that (Xiang Yu) "moved Yidi to Chen County, Changsha". Since then, the word "Chen" has been written on paper. Chenzhou has a written history of more than two thousand years. In 22 1 year BC, Qin Shihuang unified the world and divided it into 36 counties. In Hunan, it is located in the middle of Guizhou (the Qin bamboo slips unearthed in Liye, western Hunan prove that the middle of Guizhou is purely a clerical error of the author of history books, which should be Dongting County) and Changsha County, and Chenzhou area is located in Chenxian County, which belongs to Changsha County; In the Western Han Dynasty, Changsha Nanjun was divided into Guiyang County and led the county eleven; In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Song, Qi and Liang were called Guiyang Country, and Chen was also called Guiyang County. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty opened for nine years, and once abandoned Guiyang County and set up Chenzhou. The first year of Tianbao in Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, also known as Guiyang County; Song called Guiyang County and Chenzhou, and set up a knowledge army; Yuan changed Chenzhou Road and set up a general manager; In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, it was diverted and set up Chenzhou Prefecture and Magistrate. The Qing Dynasty was Zhili Prefecture, which was well known for its establishment. The Republic of China changed the state into a county. All previous dynasties were in Chenzhou.

Question 10: Which dynasty did Cai Lun belong to and what was the real Cai Lun like? Cai Lun (? -12 1 year) from Guiyang county in the eastern Han dynasty. After Cai Lun was promoted to Zhong Changshi (the emperor's close minister) for his meritorious service to the Queen Mother, he became a party official with the honour of nine ministers. Cai Lun summed up people's paper-making experience in the past, innovated the paper-making technology, and finally made "Cai Hou Paper". In the first year of Yuan Xing (A.D. 105), it was reported to the imperial court, and Han and Emperor ordered the popularization of his papermaking method. In the first year of Jianguang (A.D. 12 1), he committed suicide because of a power struggle.