Skilled immigrants from Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan is a country with harmonious and sustainable development in the world, which is rich in history, culture and natural resources. Azerbaijan is called "the country of fire" by Zoroastrians in Suo Luoya, and it is the largest country in Transcaucasia, adjacent to the Caspian Sea. Azerbaijan belongs to Eastern European countries, which is located between Europe and Asia. It is a bridge between the two continents and has an important geographical position.

As the crossroads of the Silk Road between the East and the West, Azerbaijan has lived in harmony with all ethnic groups and religions since ancient times, creating valuable cultural, artistic, historical and economic heritage for future generations. During the period of 1858- 1859, the famous French writer alexandre dumasfils visited Azerbaijan and was impressed by the charm of Azerbaijan. In his later book Le Caucase, he praised Azerbaijan's rich natural resources and food resources.

Azerbaijan belongs to an ancient country of grape cultivation and wine-making industry. Azerbaijan is one of the major wine producers in the Caspian Sea region. Grapes were planted in Azerbaijan a long time ago, and many archaeological sites can prove this. Like the whole Transcaucasia, Azerbaijan is one of the ancient regions of grape cultivation and processing.

The wine industry in Azerbaijan has a long history. According to the fermentation and storage containers of grape seeds and stone wine discovered by modern archaeologists from human sites, the history of growing grapes and brewing wine in Azerbaijan can be traced back to 5,000 years ago. According to many archaeological studies, as early as a long time ago, the chiefs of Azerbaijan led their people to grow grapes. Nowadays, grapes are everywhere from the foothills of the Caucasus to the beaches of Apsheron.

Before the Soviet Union ruled in the 20th century, the wine industry there was already a relatively developed industry. The ancient Greek geographer Strabang described the wines of Azerbaijan in 1 century BC. Arab historians and geographers Abu Fei Da, Al-masudi, Ibn Hokar and Al-Mu Kadasi described the extensive cultivation of grapes in Azerbaijani Zhan Jia and Balda in the literature around the tenth century. However, in ancient and medieval times, the wines produced in Azerbaijan were not similar to modern wines. At that time, this wine was as sweet as honey and people had to dilute it with water.

More than ten years ago, people found a huge ancient ceramic jar left over from ancient times in Baku, Azerbaijan, which contained wine with very strong aroma and strong syrup. Most experts believe that the cradle of wine brewing should be located somewhere in the Caucasus mountains, where grape varieties naturally grow in the valley at the foot of the mountain. However, the specific origin of wine has always been controversial. Many archaeological evidences point to Georgia, Iran, Turkey and Azerbaijan, and it has gradually emerged in the wine industry recently.

Until today, this industry has experienced several stages of evolution and development. /kloc-In the second half of the 20th century, as Azerbaijan entered the international market, the wine processing and brewing industry recovered and gradually became the pillar of domestic industry. Due to the excellent quality and exquisite craftsmanship of local raw materials, Azerbaijan has become one of the centers of brandy production in the Caucasus, and its products have been listed in the world brand catalogue. At the beginning of 1980s, wine-making in Azerbaijan experienced its best period. It was at this time that the wine brewing industry in Azerbaijan became an independent and sustainable industry. 1984 Grape harvest reached a new high, with 2 million tons of grapes harvested. The total area of vineyards is 280,000 hectares. Wineries have been built all over the country. In the 1980s, Azerbaijan's National Grape Cultivation Committee ranked first in terms of profit, surpassing the oil industry.

Historically, the most famous and oldest wine producing area in Azerbaijan is Touuz region in the northwest. Since 1820- 1830, the region has attracted many foreign investors to invest in wine production, including many German immigrants and investors, which further influenced and promoted the development of wine industry and brewing technology in Azerbaijan.

The per capita consumption of wine in Azerbaijan is not low. 20 12 years per capita consumption of wine 10.24 liters, showing that Azerbaijan has a rich drinking culture.

During the period of the former Soviet Union, the wine production in Azerbaijan accounted for one-fifth of the national wine production in the Soviet Union. 1970 The authorities of the former Soviet Union made ambitious plans to invest in increasing wine production, and planned to produce 3 million tons of grapes every year in Azerbaijan by 1990. Based on the implementation of this plan, in 1982, the grape production in Azerbaijan reached nearly 2,654.38+million tons, and the grape planting area reached 2.74 million hectares. During the Soviet rule, most of the wines produced in Azerbaijan were exported to Russia, Belarus and Baltic countries, but in the 1980s, due to Gorbachev's crackdown on alcoholism, wine exports slowed down. By 1985, due to the introduction of the new policy,160,000 hectares of vineyards were eradicated for other agricultural production.

Since the independence of 199 1 Azerbaijan, various fields and the brewing industry have been in a stage of sustained and stable development. Of course, it is impossible to achieve results without the support of the state. In 200 1 year, the Parliament passed the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan on Grape Planting and Brewing. In the same year, the President signed the decree on Developing Grape Planting and Brewing Industry. In 20 1 1 year, the National Development Plan for Grape Planting in Azerbaijan was signed, which was adopted in May this year.

Of course, the result is not waiting. At present, grape planting and wine brewing are recovering as important industries in the agricultural field. The presidential decree decided to build 500-800 hectares of grape plantations in Shamakh, Kabala, Hanlal, Shamkir, Tuuz and Ismaili every year.

The total capacity of the winery is about 4.7 million barrels. However, the output of 20 17 is only 1 10,000 barrels, of which 375,000 barrels are export share.

At the same time, it should be emphasized that 90% of the wines are exported to Russia, and now Azerbaijani wines are exported to Europe, Vietnam, Japan, the United States and Belarus. At present, 7% of the wine is exported to China.

Azerbaijan is the origin of many grape varieties, with more than 200 kinds of white wine grapes and table grapes. For example, white grape varieties include Bayanshira, Ganja, Aghshany and Aghkis Mishi, and red grape varieties include Madrasa, Shirvanshahi and Khindogny. Galashani, Shamak, Meredith, Hamasala, Gala Kemys.

Since 20 16, Azerbaijan has taken an important step towards this goal. In order to promote Azerbaijani products in foreign markets and encourage enterprises to create exports, the brand promotion plan of "Made in Azerbaijan" is being implemented. Due to the implementation of these measures, the grape planting and wine-making industries in Azerbaijan have developed rapidly in recent years. Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the independence of Azerbaijan in the 1990s, the wine industry in Azerbaijan is moving towards industrial modernization.

At present, the wine producing areas in Azerbaijan are mainly concentrated in the hilly areas of the Caucasus Mountains and the Kula River near the Kul-Alaz lowland. In this century, Sha Make, Zhan Jia, Karabakh, Ismaili, Kabala, Silwan and Nakhichevan have become the central regions of Azerbaijani wine production. Vineyards in these areas account for about 7% of cultivated land. At present, the main wine producing areas in Azerbaijan are concentrated in the northeast of northwest China. There are more than 120 wine producers in China, including about 10 large wineries. The largest is Vinagro, which was founded in 2006 (formerly known as Goygol Winery founded by German immigrants in 1860).

At present, all the wines in Azerbaijan are brewed by single or two mixed grape varieties, both of which are native Azerbaijani grape varieties or French grape varieties, with high quality and good taste. Modern grape cultivation in Azerbaijan has made the country among the emerging producers in the old world, which can be said to be a great revival.

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