The Original Text and Appreciation of Pengzhou Wang Yuanliang

Go to Pengzhou to drink, leaving Confucianism desolate.

Nine halls cross the river to return to dust, and three palaces are covered with snow and frost.

The avenue is empty, and the rise and fall are sad.

This trip has gone through a lot of hardships, and the moon is in the sky.

Pengzhou, namely Pengcheng, is now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province. In the second year of Song Gongdi Deyou (1276), in March, Bo Yan, commander-in-chief of the Yuan Army, captured Lin 'an and captured Zhao Disong. Queen Tai Huang, Empress Dowager Cixi, * * *, ladies-in-waiting, courtiers, music officials, etc. To the north, the poet Wang Yuanliang was one of his entourage. This poem was written while passing through Pengzhou.

At the beginning of the poem, point out the topic directly. The legacy of Confucianism refers to the courtiers of the Song Dynasty. On their way north, they arrived in Pengcheng to drink to relieve their fatigue. "Desolation" is their topic, and it is also the poetic eye that always leads the whole poem.

Zhuan Xu's "crossing nine halls to return to dust, leaving three palaces to sit in the snow and frost" is a concentrated summary of all their bleak words. After the difficulty of Jingkang (1 127), Zhao Gou, King of Kang, succeeded to the throne and established the Southern Song regime. "Nine Temples", the ancient emperors set up seven temples to worship their ancestors, and Wang Mang added the ancestral temples of Huangdi and Zhaozu, and the * * * Nine Temples. After the Southern Song Dynasty made Lin 'an its capital, it took 150 years, and the foundation established by ancestors was destroyed. What is even sadder is that Miyako was captured in the cold area outside the Great Wall and suffered from ice and snow. "Three palaces": in the past, it referred to the emperor, empress dowager and empress, and here it refers to Emperor Zhao Song who was exiled to the north. Empress Xie Daoqing and Empress Quan's family.

Necklace couplets changed from narrative to lyrical: "Tao is empty, rise and fall are sad." On the way forward, Yuan's metropolis is just ahead. I don't know what to do when I get there, how good it will be and how bad it will be. It's completely unimaginable. It is sad to think of many ups and downs in history and all kinds of events that lead to ups and downs.

Tailian "This trip has gone through a lot of difficulties, and the bright moon is red." "Jinxiang" is the abbreviation of "Yi returned to his hometown", which refers to Pengcheng. Xiang Yu once built Pengcheng, the capital city, called Xichu. He once said that "wealth does not return to his hometown, like a night trip", so he replaced Peng Cheng with the benefit of Jinxiang. These two sentences mean that this long journey, along the way, is difficult and difficult, and I finally got to this prosperous and good place. I should stay for a few more days. It seems to be pretending to talk, but it is actually very bitter. Jinxiang is good, but it's just passing by. With the escort of Yuan soldiers, the future is boundless. Even if this place is bustling everywhere, what's the use? It contains deep love for the homeland and strong patriotic feelings, which makes people sad to read!

The poem is full of tears, expressing the grief of national subjugation. Those who have not personally experienced the suffering of national subjugation, such as Wang Yuanliang, can't write such poems.