When Mexico's immigration problem comes from Americans crossing the border,

In the two centuries when Mexico and the United States * * * had a border, the accusation that immigrants were out of control and Mexican immigrants threatened American security was often the main content of American politics, and it was also the source of friction and worry. But this worry is two-way. After Mexico's successful war of independence from Spain, Mexican officials were frightened by illegal immigrants from the United States. By the end of the 1920s, from 65438 to 2009, the border situation of Sabine River (now separating Texas from Louisiana) seemed to have reached a crisis stage.

Not all immigrants from the north are illegal. Starting from 182 1, Stephen F.Austin, later known as the "father of Texas", brought hundreds of American immigrants to Texas, Mexico with the explicit approval and support of the Mexican government. In order to settle in this sparsely populated province and build a fortress against Indian attacks, the government promised immigrants that they would own far more land than most immigrants got in the United States. When a farm in Tennessee may occupy a quarter of the land, that is, 160 mu, the standard award of Austin Texas colony is alliance, that is, more than 4000 mu.

Huang Jinguo in the Dream: Huang Jinguo in the Historical Dream of the American West. H.W. Brands tells a thrilling panoramic story of the American West Colonization. He took us from john jacob astor's fur trade outpost in Oregon to the Texas Revolution, from the California gold rush to the Oklahoma land fever. He shows how immigrants' dreams drive them to achieve feats of courage and perseverance and humiliate their left-behind cousins, and how these same dreams drive them to commit atrocities against indigenous people and others.

American farmers are most worried about their children. When they come of age, they have to move their farms. The lack of land is one of the main forces driving the American westward movement. In Texas, an American colonist can get enough land for all children and their children to use. Mexican law makes many princes who may be poor in the United States become

But many Americans who came to Texas did so with the support of Mexican law. At first, a few, then dozens, and then hundreds of Americans illegally flooded into Texas. They confiscated all the unoccupied land and turned it into their home. Mexican officials are rare in Texas, and they are distracted by the turmoil that disrupted Mexican politics after the Spanish War. Before the government issues a notice, the residents of these shanty towns may live for months or years. At that time, the illegal occupiers thought the land was their own, and they did not hesitate to defend it with deadly force.

Within a few years of Austin's arrival in Texas, the situation in Texas was getting out of Mexico's control. The government appointed a delegation to investigate the Texas issue; Its head is Manuel Demir Ritland, a general of the Mexican army, a former government minister, a member of the Mexican Congress, an engineer and a scientist. Tylan arrived in Texas in the spring of 1828, and in the following months, he traveled in the settlement. He visited San Antonio, which is still entirely Mexican. But further east, American influence began. His team crossed the Guadalupe River. Tran wrote: "There are six wooden houses on the east bank of this river. The construction of these wooden houses shows that the people living in them are not Mexicans. " . "Although the house is a whole, there are two rooms, one high and one low. Among the latter are the storage room and kitchen, and its chimney stands outside, and in the higher part are the bedroom and living room.

Americans seem cold at first. "I approached a hut, hoping that its owner would provide me with shelter, but it was in vain," Tran wrote. "Later, I learned that Grant in North America? How to stop the invasion? Tyrone can't see the simple answer. " Nature tells them that the land is theirs, "Tran wrote," because, in fact, everyone can have something that does not belong to anyone or is claimed by anyone. "When this happens, they will demand irrefutable preemption." Tran admitted that legal immigrants in Austin colony are different from illegal immigrants in border areas. But he is not sure whether this will make the future of Mexico and Texas safer. "I must say frankly that everyone I have talked to here who knows the national conditions and is committed to protecting the country believes and makes me believe that the industriousness and economy of these colonies have been praised in this way, which will be the reason why the Mexican Federation lost Texas unless measures are taken soon.

What kind of measures? First, strengthen the military presence. "There is a conspiracy on the border," Tran wrote. Mexico needs more soldiers in Texas to avoid a plot to cause rebellion. Second, immigration should be suspended until the immigration problem is controlled. It is necessary to maintain border security and expel illegal immigrants. Third, and most importantly, Mexico needs to make Texas a real Mexico before the Americans turn it into an irreversible America. "The land in Texas, or at least the navigable east of its main rivers, should be left to Mexican settlers," Tran declared. He does not advocate expelling legal immigrants like Austin colony, but any new immigrants must come from Mexico, not the United States. Tran suggested that the government provide incentives to attract 5,000 Mexicans to Trinity River as a barrier against Americans. Tran admitted that his plan was expensive. But he had no choice. If the current trend continues, Texas will disappear.

Adapted from Huang Jinguo's Dream: A History of the American West by H.W.Brands. Copyright? 2019 h.w.brands.1the basic books are available on October 22nd 10. "