What is the influence and significance of the recovery of Xinjiang by the left?

1. time: the battle of the Qing army to recapture Xinjiang, from the first year to the third year of Guangxu in China (1875- 1878).

2. After that:

In May of the first year of Guangxu (1875), Zuo Tang Zong [3] was appointed as an imperial envoy, supervising Xinjiang military affairs, serving as the commander-in-chief of Urumqi and assisting Xinjiang military affairs. According to the situation of the enemy and ourselves and the geographical conditions of Xinjiang, Zuo formulated the strategic policy of slowly advancing into an urgent battle, first going north and then going south. It took nearly two years to raise the salary, collect and deliver rations, reorganize the army and improve equipment, and completed the operational preparations for recovering Xinjiang.

On April 7, 1876, Zuo moved from Lanzhou to Suzhou, ready to launch an attack. At that time, some troops of the Qing army were stationed in Hami, Balikun, the ancient city, Talbahatai and other strategic places, and they were at loggerheads with the enemy. At the end of April, Zuo ordered the Prime Minister to handle affairs, and the 25th battalion of the "Ma bu" or horse stance just look led by the leader of Xiang entered Xinjiang in batches and went to Marcand via Hami. Up to now, the Qing army has a total strength of more than 80 battalions, with about 60,000 to 70,000 people. According to the policy of north before south, the Qing army decided to recover Urumqi, the transportation hub of northern and southern Xinjiang.

When Agubai learned of the news of the Qing army's westward advance, he quickly arranged defense, so that the centaurs could get it. Ma Ming and Bai Yanhu were equally guarding Urumqi, Changji, Hutubi, Manas and Gumudi to prevent the Qing army from going south. The main force was deployed in Turpan and Toksun, and Agubo himself supervised the war in Toksun. Its total strength is about 40,000.

In July, 1876, Liu Jintang led his troops to Balikun and stationed in the ancient city. At the end of July, he met Jin Shunbu in Jimsar and attacked the ancient pasture. In mid-August, the Qing army entered the east and northeast of Zhagu Ranch and bombarded the solid city wall with a big flower. /kloc-in August of 0/7, after several days of fierce fighting, the Qing army occupied the ancient pasture and annihilated nearly 6,000 people.

Liu Jintang learned from the captured enemy letters that the Urumqi garrison was empty, and decided to leave two battalions to guard the ancient pasture, and the main force quickly advanced to Urumqi. At dawn on August 18, the Qing army set out. Ma Rende and Bai Yanhu, who were guarding Urumqi, didn't expect the Qing army to move so fast. Hearing the guns, they abandoned the city and fled in the direction of Daban. The Qing army recovered Urumqi, Dihua House and the pseudo-imperial capital. Enemies entrenched in Changji, Hutubi and Manas North City are like frightened birds. They abandoned the city and fled, without waiting for the Qing army to attack, only the enemy in the south of Manas resisted. On September 2nd, Jin Shun Department of the Qing army, together with Liu Jintang Department and General Rongquan of Yili, stormed Nancheng Manas and conquered it on10.6. So far, all the enemy-occupied points in northern Xinjiang except Yili have been recovered. At this time, winter came, and the mountains were blocked by heavy snow, which was not convenient for large-scale military operations. The Qing army decided to suspend the attack, take a rest, and then March into southern Xinjiang when spring came.

According to the enemy's situation, Zuo drew up a plan to recover southern Xinjiang in early June. Agubo deployed heavy troops in Daban, Turpan, Toksun and other places to strengthen defense, and he himself took command of Karashar. In view of this situation, Zuo proposed a three-way battle plan: the three cities of Guangdong, Guangdong, land prefect, registered prefect Xu Zhanbiao, Daban, Turpan and Toksun, opened the gateway to southern Xinjiang, and then marched westward to recover all the lost land. The specific deployment is: Liu Jintang attacked Dabancheng from Urumqi to the south, which is the North Road; Zhang Yao's department goes west from Hami, which is East Road; Xu Zhanbiao went out of Rem, crossed Tianshan Mountain, and went south, which was the northeast road. Zhang and Xu joined forces to capture Turpan and immediately attacked Toksun after their success.

1On April 4, 877, after several months of full preparation, the Qing army began to March into southern Xinjiang. Liu Jintang led the main force of 1000 people and the flowering artillery team from Urumqi to the south, and entered the periphery of Daban on April 6 16, and quickly completed the siege of Urumqi. On April 18, the Qing army beat back enemy reinforcements and built more forts outside Daban. In April, 4 19, the fortress was built, and the Qing army shelled the battlements of Dabao, Yuecheng and Collapse City with fireworks, hitting the enemy ammunition depot. The enemy suffered heavy casualties and tried to break through, but was intercepted by the Qing army. The enemy defenders had to surrender in the face of the powerful offensive of the Qing army, and Dabancheng was recovered. In this battle, the Qing army annihilated more than 2000 enemy troops and captured more than 1000 enemy troops. At the same time, after Gala Buhe and Xu Zhanbiao joined forces in Yanchi, on April 2 1 day, seven grams of tengmu were exhibited on April 22, and on April 25, they defeated Jintai and advanced into Turpan. On April 26th, Liu Jintang occupied Toksun. Subsequently, Zhang and Xu recovered Turpan with the assistance of Luo Changyou's Xiang army. At this point, the Qing army went hand in hand and recovered the three cities in less than half a month, creating conditions for completely defeating Agubo. The people of southern Xinjiang rose up against Agubo's reactionary rule. Agu met with the tide and fled to Korla in late May to commit suicide. His son, Burke Huli, became king in Kashgar and continued to fight.

1in September, 877, the Qing army took advantage of the crisp autumn and began to deploy the battle to recover eight cities in southern Xinjiang. Liu Jintang led the 32nd Battalion of "Ma bu" or horse stance just look as the forward, and Zhang Yao led the "Ma bu" or horse stance just look 16 Battalion as the guard team, with more than 20,000 people, advancing westward. The enemy defenders abandoned Kalashar and Korla West and fled to Kuqa. According to the situation that the enemy fled Kuqa to the west and the situation was unstable, Liu Jintang decided to pursue his elite troops. 65438+1October 65438+May, Liu Jintang led 2000 troops to Bougourd (now on the platform), and defeated the enemy 1000. 10 10 18, after chasing outside Kuqa, a large number of enemy troops were found. After the subsequent follow-up team arrived, Liu Jintang captured Kuqa and the enemy was defeated. Bai Yanhu led the rest to the west. Qing army recovered Kuqa.

1June 19, Liu Jintang continued westward, arrived in Baicheng on June 2 1 June, and defeated Bai Yanhu Army and Burke Hu Lijun in the copper factory on June 22. On the 24th, the Qing army left and Ke left Aksu City. Number 26, Keush. At this point, the Qing army traveled 1000 kilometers a month, connecting four cities in the eastern part of southern Xinjiang (Kalashar, Kuqa, Aksu and Wushi).

The destruction of bamboo forests by the Qing army frightened the enemy forces entrenched in four western cities (Yerqiang, Yengisar, Hotan and Kayegar). Huang An rebel Yersi surrendered to the Qing army and led troops to besiege Yeerqiang. Burke Huli led troops from Kashgar to reinforce Yeerqiang and defeated Nias. However, He Buyun, the former garrison of Kashgar, will take the opportunity to lead hundreds of Manchu soldiers to occupy Kashgar Seoul anyway. Burke Huli hurried back to help Kashgar. He Buyun sent someone to Liu Jintang for help. Liu Jintang made a decisive decision and decided not to wait for the arrival of the whole army of Zhang Yao, so the soldiers were divided into three ways: all the way, because Hoon led the 5 th battalion to ride from Aksu via Barchuk (now Bachudong) and went straight to Kashgar as a regular army; A route led by Huang and Zhang Jun led six battalions of cavalry and three battalions of infantry, crossed the border of bulut via Wushi and left Kashgar as a surprise soldier. It is agreed that two roads 65438+February 65438+August will arrive in Kashgar. Liu Jintang led Barchuk to attack Yeerqiang and Ingeer Shaer directly, and jointly won Kashgar. 65438+February 17, Yu Huen, Huang and other departments arrived in Kashgar, and recovered the city in one fell swoop that night. Berkhouli and Bai Yanhu led the remnants into Russia. 65438+February 2 1, Liu Jintang recovered Yeerqiang and Yengisar on the 24th. 1878 65438+1October 2, the Qing army recovered in Khotan. At this point, the whole territory of Xinjiang has been recovered except Yili. The Qing army won a great victory in the battle to recover Xinjiang.

3. Results:

188 1 year, China recovered Ili through Sino-Russian negotiations.

4. Impact and significance: China's territorial integrity was safeguarded, and the British and Russian attempts to dismember and embezzle Xinjiang were crushed.

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