Distribution of the surname Shi

The Shi family name is a multi-ethnic and multi-origin surname. It ranks 85th on the current surname list. It has a population of about 3.076 million, accounting for 0.19 of the total population of the country. %about.

The Shi surname was official, and all pre-Qin countries had historians. Therefore, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Shi surname was quite widely distributed throughout the country.

During the Western Han Dynasty, there was Shi Gong, a native of Lu, and his grandson Shi Dan moved from Lu (now Qufu, Shandong) to Duling (now northwest of Chang'an County, Shaanxi). Shi Chong, the great-grandson of Shi Dan, moved his family to Liyang (now Liyang County, Jiangsu) in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. The descendants of Shi Dan's grandson Shi Bao of the Eastern Han Dynasty moved to Hexi Jiankan (now Gaotai County, Gansu) during the Yongjia Rebellion in the late Western Jin Dynasty. Another group of Shi Dan's descendants moved to Gaomi (now Shandong), and another group stayed in Jingzhao (now Xi'an, Shaanxi). In addition, at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Shi Cen, a native of Peiguo (now Pei County, Jiangsu), and Shi Li moved to Hepu (now northeast of Hepu County, Guangxi) because of crimes; during the Eastern Han Dynasty, Shi Tongping moved to Qingshen County (now part of Sichuan).

There are Shi surnames in Kaifeng, Luoyang, Zhecheng, and Minquan in present-day Henan; during the Tang and Five Dynasties, there were Shi surnames in present-day Hunan, Zhejiang, Shanxi and other provinces; in the Song Dynasty, there were Shi surnames in present-day Jiangxi and Hebei; in the Ming Dynasty, the Shi surname It is also distributed in some places in present-day Hubei, Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Yunnan and other provinces, and has spread all over the south of the Yangtze River. After the Qing Dynasty, some of the Shi family members moved overseas and lived in Singapore and other countries.

The origins of the Shi family are complex. After taking the official surname as the Shi family, it was widely distributed throughout the country during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. By the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, five counties had been formed in northern China. Wang, the Shi family in Junwang mainly originated from the generation after Shi Dan in the Han Dynasty.

According to research by scholars, the Shi clan originating from Xuancheng, Anhui are all descendants of Cangjie, and the Shi clan branching off from Wuchang, Hubei are descendants of Yin Yi (Shi Yi).

The Shi clan took official as their surname, and all pre-Qin countries had historians. Therefore, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Shi clan was widely distributed throughout the country. Due to various reasons such as politics and war, people from the Shi clan later left. Some Shi clan members who migrated from the Central Plains immigrated and changed their surname to Shi.

In the Western Han Dynasty, there was Shi Gong, a native of Lu, and his grandson Shi Dan moved from Lu (now Qufu, Shandong) to Duling (now Chang'an, Shaanxi). Shi Gong's great-grandson Shi Chong moved his family to Liyang (now Daitou Town, Liyang, Jiangsu) in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. In addition, at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Shi Cen, a native of Peiguo (now Peixian County, Jiangsu Province), and Shi Li moved to Hepu (now Hepu County, Guangxi Province) due to crimes; during the Eastern Han Dynasty, Shi Tongping moved to Qingshen County (now Qingshen County, Sichuan Province). People of the Shi clan can be found in Kaifeng, Luoyang and Minquan in Henan today.

The descendants of Shi Dan, the descendant of Shi Bao, the Marquis of Guiyi in the Later Han Dynasty, moved to Jiankang, Hexi (now Gaotai, Gansu) to avoid the Yongjia Rebellion during the Western Jin Dynasty, and thus formed a prominent local family; Shi Jun, the grandson of Shi Dan, and his son Chong In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he became the governor of Qingzhou and Jizhou and was granted the title of Marquis of Liyang County (today's Daitou Town, Liyang, Jiangsu). Later, he led his descendants to settle in Liyang and formed the famous Liyang Shi family. Sun Shijie, a descendant of Shi Dan, became the minister of the Ministry of Rites of the Tang Dynasty and moved to Gaomi. (today's Gaomi, Shandong), and later formed the famous Gaomi family; one of Shi Dan's grandsons, Shi Kuai, stayed in Chang'an (today's Xi'an, Shaanxi), and one of them became the famous Jingzhao family. During this period, after the Turkic Ashina family changed their surname to Shi, they multiplied in Henan and became a major local surname. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the Shi clan had moved to Guangdong and Guangxi. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, he moved to Sichuan.

The large-scale migration of the Shi clan to the south began in the Wei, Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties. By the Tang and Song Dynasties, they had spread to many places in the south of the Yangtze River. After the Song and Ming Dynasties, the Shi clan people spread all over the country.

The 30th generation Wei Zegong moved from Shandong to Ximaqiao, Yin County, Siming County, Zhejiang Province. It was passed down to the 37th generation Bin Zigong and he moved from Yincheng to Hutian under the persimmon tree of Bujin Temple. Bin Zhigong gave birth to Haoqing and Chuqing. Chuqing married three children and had fourteen sons. Nine of his sons lived in Zhejiang. Five sons, Yu Zhao, Wang, Huo, Jing and Yao, moved from Zhejiang after the war in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. Under the Meili Pavilion in Hengyang Township, North of Guiyang Prefecture, Hunan Province. Duke Zhao established a foundation under the pavilion and gave birth to three sons: Duke Zheng, Duke He, and Duke Xing. Zhenggong descendants moved from Tingxia to Huayuanli in Leiping Township, Tiantang in Qiaoshi Township, Fengshu, and Fenshuiao in Yizhang. Wang Gong gave birth to Gong Can, and Gong Can gave birth to Ke Guan and Ke Geng. The descendants of Guan and Geng wanted to open a new site and moved to Yongxing in the eighth year of the Hongwu period, under the monument of Pinglehu and in Qingshui Cave, Xintian. . Duke Zhuang moved from Tingxia to Beidou Tangtou in Huangtian. Duke Jin moved from the foot of the pavilion to live in Dachong Cave on the back of Yongxingzhai Ridge and other places. Yao Gong moved from Tingxia to his clan, Tangxia, Shantang, Baishiling, Tongjiang, Pozhai and other places. Duke Xang moved from the foot of the pavilion to Shuiwei across the river. Le Gong was transferred from Zhuji County, Shaoxing Prefecture, Zhejiang Province to be the governor of Guiyang Prefecture, and his descendants settled here.

During the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties period, there were Shi surnames in present-day Hunan, Zhejiang, Shanxi and other provinces.

During the Song Dynasty, the Shi family existed in present-day Jiangxi and Hebei.

By the Ming Dynasty, the Shi clan was still distributed in some places in present-day Hubei, Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Yunnan and other provinces, and had spread all over the south of the Yangtze River.

After the Qing Dynasty, some Shi clan members moved overseas and lived in Singapore and other countries.

Today, the majority of the Shi clan are especially in Hunan and Shandong. The Shi clan in these two provinces account for more than 37% of the national Shi clan population.