Brief introduction to the campaign in northern Jiangsu: a classic example of the liberation war to annihilate more than 2 1000 enemy troops.

The first and second columns of Shandong Field Army, the eighth and seventh divisions of Central China Field Army, and the ninth column. Chen Yi and Su Yu, teachers of the 69th and 11th Divisions of the Kuomintang Army; After the national civil war broke out, Dai and He wiped out more than 265,438+0,000 enemies. The Kuomintang ruling clique headed by Chiang Kai-shek, relying on the advantages of military and economic strength, adopted the strategic policy of all-round attack and quick decision, mobilized 193 brigade10.6 million troops, and equipped with aviation, artillery and tank soldiers. According to the strategic steps of first closing and then closing, it is attempted to occupy and liberate within 3~6 months. East China, including Shandong and Jiangsu-Anhui liberated areas, is the key direction of the Kuomintang army and the largest battlefield with the largest number of troops, the fiercest fighting and the largest scale. Chiang Kai-shek invested 25 reorganization divisions and 68 brigades in the East China battlefield, under the unified command of Xue Yue, a confidant and director of the Kuomintang Xuzhou appeasement office. By 1946, 1 1 month, the Kuomintang troops occupied parts of the central Jiangsu, Huaibei and southern Shandong liberated areas at the cost of more than 65,438+10,000 people, and opened the Ji Jiao railway, forming an arc-shaped semi-enclosed situation from Dongtai in central Jiangsu to Shexian in southern Shandong for more than 1,000 miles. On this curved front, Xue Yue deployed four battle groups, 12 integrated divisions, 28 brigades and more than 200,000 troops. Among them, Ou Zhen, commander of Yanfu Corps, has 83 divisions and 44, 25 and 70 divisions, which are distributed in Dongtai area. Li Yannian, commander of Huailian Corps, has jurisdiction over the 28th Division, 74th Division and 17 1 division of the 7th Army, and is stationed in Huaiyin and Huai 'an areas. Feng Zhian, commander of Yilin Corps, has jurisdiction over 77th Division, 26th Division and 1 Fast Column, and is based in Jixian area. Hu Lian, commander of Suxin Corps, has jurisdiction over 69 divisions, 4 1 brigade and 3 brigades, and is stationed in Suqian area. At this time, after the two field armies in Shandong and Central China destroyed the enemy, Xiahou _ the effective forces on the battlefields in Huaibei and Suzhong, respectively, gradually shrank and retreated, and stationed in the north of Huaiyin to rest and replenish, ready to fight again. 165438+ In mid-October, the Kuomintang government held a national convention. In order to build momentum, Chiang Kai-shek transferred five armies and 16 brigade from the rear of the civil war to the front, and continued to attack the liberated areas in an all-round way, with the focus still on the battlefield in East China. Therefore, from the sequence of Zhengzhou appeasement office, the elite main force 1 1 division was transferred to Xuzhou appeasement office. Under the unified command of Xue Yue, he immediately organized a large-scale offensive against northern Jiangsu, and ended the war in northern Jiangsu within half a month after the offensive was launched. Xue Yue naturally did not dare to neglect Chiang Kai-shek's orders, and immediately drew up a battle plan of about 200,000 people in 25 and a half brigades, and attacked northern Jiangsu from Dongtai, Huaiyin, Suqian, Zaozhuang and Shexian in four ways: five brigades of Yanfu Corps attacked Yancheng and Funing from Dongtai; Huailian Corps, one of the five main forces of the Kuomintang army, reorganized five brigades, including seventy-four divisions, and attacked Lianshui from Huaiyin. Nine brigades, including the first express column of Yilin Corps, invaded Linyi from Jixian area; Six and a half brigades of the new Corps, including the 11th Division of the BGF, one of the five main forces of the Kuomintang Army, were commanded by Wu Qiwei, deputy director of the appeasement office, and headed for Shuyang and Shinjuku qianan town. The fourth army, with Suqian and Huaiyin as the main forces, tried to occupy northern Jiangsu first, destroy the main forces of Shandong Field Army and Central China Field Army assembled in the east of Shexian County and Yancheng and Lianshui areas respectively, or forced them to withdraw northward, and then fought a decisive battle with them in Shandong. At the beginning of 65438+February, Xuzhou appeasement office issued a battle order: in order to quickly defeat the main force of the * * * army south of Longdong and then pursue it.

After all, 200,000 enemy troops, including 74th Division and 1 1 Division, were attacked by five main forces of the Kuomintang army from three sides, forming a semi-encirclement situation. To turn disadvantages into advantages and passivity into initiative, we must quickly find a breakthrough. The most important question before them is: which enemy should be chosen as the first target. On February 6th, 65438, Chen Yi, commander of the New Fourth Army, commander of the Shandong Field Army and political commissar, was reorganized as 1 1 division, and was advancing towards Suqian, preparing to jointly attack Shuyang with the reorganized 69th division, and immediately put forward the best operational assumption of protecting Shuyang and annihilating1division to the Central Military Commission. On the 7th, Chen Yi sent a telegram to the field army in Central China: concentrate on fighting the enemy invading Lianshui from Huaihe River and then concentrate on Shan Ye and Hua Ye to fight the enemy invading Shuyang. After receiving the telegram, Su Yu, commander of the Central China Field Army, who was directing operations in the south of Yancheng, thought that from Suqian to Xiangyang and Xin 'an was the biggest threat among the four enemy lines. Only by concentrating on destroying the enemy on this route can we turn passivity into initiative. At that time, because the main force of the Central China Field Army was fighting in Yannan, it was impossible to stop the invasion of Shuyang and New Oriental. After consulting with Tan Zhenlin, political commissar of the Central China Field Army, Su Yu decided to call Chen Yi jointly: Suggest that the main force of the Shandong Field Army should go south quickly, at least to the side of Longhai Road, so as to reach Suqian and Shuyang within two days. 9, Chen Yi wired, agreed to lead the main force of Shandong Field Army to move to the dock at the junction of Sulu and yi river at night. On June 1 1, Su Yu, who had just commanded the counterattack in Yannan, arrived at Zhangji, the resident of the Central China Military Region at the junction of Lianshui and Shuyang, day and night to meet Chen Yi from southern Shandong. On June 5438+02, under the auspices of Chen Yi, a combat meeting attended by the main leaders of the Shandong and Central China field armies was held to study the action plan. The meeting held that although the enemy attacked in four directions, the offensive front was more than 600 miles wide, with a big gap and great difficulty in support and coordination. Among them, the enemy troops in Dongtai, Huaibei and Yizao were hit by our army and acted cautiously. Only the enemy forces in Suqian thought that the main force of our army was still in southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu, and they took advantage of their weaknesses to stand out and be sandwiched between the two field armies in central Shandong, which was convenient for nearby mobile troops to panic in. Accordingly, it was decided to concentrate the first and second columns of Shandong Field Army, the eighth and seventh divisions of Central China Field Army and the 24th regiment of the ninth column to meet the enemy sent by Suqian. 13, the reorganized 69th Division and 1 1 Division set out from Suqian, and the troops were divided into two roads, attacking north and east. Among them, the headquarters of the 69th Division led a regiment of the 60th Brigade and the 92nd Brigade, commanded three and a half brigades of the 57th Division, and prepared to attack the new town together with the 3rd Brigade of the 26th Division and the 4 1 Brigade. One occupied Xiaodianzi, Fengshan and Zhang Shan points of Su-Xin Highway, and the other occupied Luo Zhuang, Fujiahu, Shaodian and Renhewei areas east of the highway. 1 1 Division was reorganized into the right wing and attacked Shuyang. In the face of the enemy's aggressive offensive, Chen Yi, Su Yu and others. According to the analysis, the right-wing reorganized 1 1 division is well-equipped and arrogant. Just transferred from the battlefield in the Central Plains, I am not familiar with the terrain, climate and people's feelings in Huaibei. The 69th Division of the Left Wing is composed of three brigades with different organizational systems, with many internal contradictions and average combat effectiveness. Besides, Commander Dai is incompetent in military command and extremely reactionary in politics. He is a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and a new lieutenant general. He will be insatiable and aggressive. So he decided to take it by surprise, concentrate his forces and defeat the weak enemy first. First, the panic in the reorganization of the 69th Division in Suqian, Shuyang and Xin #0.

In this combat order, the name of the East China Field Army was used for the first time, and it was signed by Chen Yi, commander and political commissar of the East China Field Army, Su Yu, deputy commander, Tan Zhenlin, deputy political commissar, and Chen Shiju, chief of staff. On June 4th, 65438, Chen Yi and Su Yu telegraphed the Central Military Commission about their operational deployment. After the order was issued, Chen Yi and Su Yu established forward command posts in Ye Zhuang, northeast of Suqian and west of Yin Ping. This is an independent family house, with three thatched cottages facing south and a small courtyard surrounded by earth walls in front. Zhang, then secretary of the Third County Party Committee of the Central Committee and detachment leader of the third detachment of Huaihai District, was ordered to go to the front command post to see with his own eyes the scene of Chen Yi and Su Yu commanding the battle of northern Jiangsu. It is described as follows:/kloc-One morning in February, 2005, Zhang walked into the thatched cottage and saw the walls covered with maps. Su Yuzheng, the deputy commander, is standing on a bench, with a map in one hand and a microphone in the other, talking to the frontline commander. Sometimes he said a few words to Commander Chen Yi standing on the left. Chen yi nodded and continued to talk to the front. About half an hour after talking to the front line. Commander Chen Yi turned to Zhang, saying that this time we arranged a pocket array, and the 69th Division was completely surrounded by our army. He smiled and pointed his right hand at the pocket of the uniform and said, This battle is a turtle in a jar, and we are absolutely sure to destroy it in a week! 15 night, the battle of northern Jiangsu started. From the north of Longhai Railway to the war zone, 1 The 8th Division suddenly attacked from northwest to southeast and caught the enemy off guard. 1 Column 1 Column is inserted near Caojiaji, which is the headquarters of the reorganized 1 1 Division. After an hour of fierce fighting, most of the engineering barracks and cavalry battalions were destroyed and Cao Jiaji was captured. The 8th Division first concentrated its forces and launched an attack on the commanding heights of Fengshan, the overall battle between Zhangshan Town and Xiaodianzi. The peak is about 500 meters high, and there are independent group fortifications at the foot of the mountain that can support each other. A walled village on the top of the mountain is surrounded by a trench 6 meters wide and 3 meters deep, and fortifications such as Abatis and barbed wire are set outside the trench. Defending the enemy is a reinforced battalion of the third brigade. The Eighth Division of Shandong Field Army is a force that is good at tackling key problems. In order not to miss the fighter plane, the 8 th Division rushed to the battlefield on 15 after six days of emergency March. That night, the 23rd and 24th regiments will attack Fengshan from southwest and northwest. The 23rd Regiment 1 Battalion, which attacked from the southwest, organized three consecutive storms and once broke into the trench outside the top of the mountain. Because of the depth and width of the trench, it was seriously killed by the enemy, and the attack was blocked by the intensive firepower of the US military. At this point, the day will break, 1 Zhang Mingzhong, deputy political instructor of the battalion, immediately organized the remaining 40 cadres and soldiers in the whole battalion, braved the blazing fire of the enemy, re-selected the assault route and organized the fourth assault. The 23rd Regiment also concentrated all light and heavy machine guns for fire cover. 1 Battalion chooses hidden terrain to meet the enemy, quickly destroys Abatis and barbed wire, jumps into the peripheral trench and climbs up the ravine by ladder. With the cooperation of the twenty-four regiments attacking from the northwest, they finally captured the main position of Fengshan before dawn and wiped out the defenders. In order to save the unfavorable situation, the 60th Brigade and the 3rd Brigade of the Kuomintang Army, under the cover of planes and artillery fire, repeatedly fought back against Fengshan, all of which failed. The 8th Division firmly controlled the commanding heights of Fengshan, which not only cut off the connection between Zhangshan Town and Xiaodianzi Kuomintang Army, but also directly threatened the flanks of Kuomintang Army in eastern Shandong, creating favorable conditions for the smooth development of the campaign. At this point, the 1 column has occupied Gaojiawa, Santaishan and other places, cutting off the retreat of the reorganized 69th Division.

Wu Qiwei made Dai shrink his troops and stick to each village; Please cross the Liutang River and get close to Mr. Dai. Hu Lian has sent 1~2 regiments to the north to reinforce, but they were stubbornly resisted by 1 3 brigades. Without reinforcements, the 1 1 8 brigade of the integrated division quietly retreated near the headquarters of the 69th integrated division and south of Wei. Alas, Miss Dai is really unimaginable! After the war, the U.S. Department of Defense of the Kuomintang government commented that the retreat of the reorganized 1 1 division failed to be notified in time, which caused great losses to the reorganized 69th division. In order not to give the enemy a breathing space, the Luzhong Field Army cooperated closely and attacked and annihilated the BGF 69th Division surrounded by Renhewei, Miao Zhuang, Luo Zhuang and other villages with lightning speed. 17 at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, Chen Yi and Su Yu ordered 9 to be under the command of 2, and today they concentrated on solving the enemies of Renhe and Wei. The second and ninth columns quickly adjusted their deployment and maneuvered to meet the enemy, but they didn't attack until 0: 00 on 18. Chen and Su ordered: Be sure to attack the people and the market before dawn on 18! Ministries were ordered to launch an attack. However, due to insufficient preparation and the remnants of enemy fortifications and fierce firepower, many attacks failed. Later, Su Yu mentioned many times that in the battle command of the liberation war, he had three most tense battles, and the battle of northern Jiangsu was one of them. He recalled: I helped Comrade Chen Yi to command the northern Jiangsu campaign, and I felt very responsible and nervous. This campaign is the first coordinated operation between Shan Ye and Hua Ye after joining forces, and it is also the key battle to turn passivity into initiative on the battlefield in East China. Most of the troops directly participating in the war belong to the Shandong Field Army, and the command organ is also the headquarters of the Shandong Field Army. I am not familiar with the commanding organs and participating troops and I am at a loss. The Central Military Commission has long demanded that the two armies win the first battle. How to complete the operational command task assigned by the CMC and handle the relationship between the upper, lower, left and right is a thorny issue that has to be seriously considered. However, considering the overall interests of the war and the great trust of the Central Military Commission, we are determined to dispel all concerns and fight this battle well. /kloc-on the night of 0/8, after full preparation, the ministries launched a general attack. Seeing that reinforcements were hopeless, Dai ordered the troops to try their best to break through the camera to get rid of the fate of being wiped out by the whole army. But it's too late. By the time of 19, the field armies in Shandong and Central China had annihilated and reorganized the headquarters of three and a half brigades of the 69th Division. Dai committed suicide, Rao Shouwei and Zhang Dongyi, chief of staff, were captured. This campaign wiped out the 69th Division of the Kuomintang Army, dealt a heavy blow to the 11th Division, and wiped out 21,000 people from seven infantry regiments and an engineering corps. This is the first battle to wipe out the most enemies since the liberation war. It was also the first victory after the Shandong Field Army and the Central China Field Army joined forces, and initially gained the experience of coordinated operations of large corps. Su Yu wrote in his memoirs: The Battle of Subei was the first time that two field armies fought side by side. The victory of this battle helps to strengthen mutual trust between brothers; It is also conducive to the mutual trust between the new leading organs and subordinate units after the merger of the two field armies; It is conducive to the ideological turn of the Central China Field Army withdrawing from northern Jiangsu to Shandong, and has accumulated experience for fighting a large-scale annihilation war. Therefore, the battle of northern Jiangsu is a major turning point in the battlefield in East China. When the good news came, Mao Zedong called to congratulate him: the war was won, and the whole Sulu war situation improved.