What is the working principle of heat pump?

As a natural phenomenon, just as water flows from high to low, heat always flows from high temperature to low temperature. But people can create machines, just like lifting water from a low place to a high place and using a pump. Heat pump can be used to pump heat from low temperature to high temperature. Therefore, the heat pump is essentially a thermal supercharging device, which consumes a part of energy, excavates the energy stored in the environmental medium, and improves the temperature level to make use of it, while the work consumed by the whole heat pump device is only one third or less than that of heating, which is also the energy-saving feature of the heat pump.

Extended data heat pump is an efficient and energy-saving device that makes full use of low-grade heat energy. Heat can be spontaneously transferred from a high-temperature object to a low-temperature object, but it cannot be spontaneously transferred in the opposite direction. The working principle of heat pump is a mechanical device, which forcibly transfers heat from low-temperature objects to high-temperature objects in a reverse circulation way. It only consumes a small amount of reverse circulation network work, and can obtain a large amount of heat supply, which can effectively utilize low-grade heat energy that is difficult to apply and achieve the purpose of energy saving.

Because the working principle of heat pump device is consistent with compression refrigeration; Therefore, in small air conditioners, in order to give full play to their efficiency, cooling in summer or heating in winter are all done with the same set of equipment. When heating in winter, the evaporator and condenser in the air conditioner are switched through the reversing valve.

Reference heat pump principle _ Baidu Encyclopedia