Seek the answer to the first question in the third grade group of Dr. Small Earth Geography Science and Technology Competition.

The first part of the multiple-choice question: Of the four options in the following question, only one is correct.

1. The vastness of the universe is beyond people's imagination. Astronomers use a unit to measure the distance of the universe.

Astronomical unit b billion kilometers c the distance between the sun and the earth d light years.

We can cook in ordinary pots in plain areas. However, when mountaineers cook in ordinary pots on high mountains, it is difficult to cook even if the water is boiling. Cooking can only be done with a pressure cooker. The reasons for this phenomenon are: D

A.the temperature on the mountain is too low. B. Pressure cookers are high in technology.

C. the air pressure is higher on high mountains. D. the air pressure is low on high mountains.

Environmental protection should start with me and the little things around me. What an outing should do is: B.

A. climb your favorite flowers and branches. B. bring your own drinking water, not mountain spring water.

C. throw the plastic bags containing food into low-lying places D. chase and play happily on the grass

The mountain on the right is a sea of clouds, strange rocks, strange pines and hot springs, which are all wonders of the world. The mountain is: D.

A. Emei Mountain B. Taishan Mountain C. Lushan Mountain D. Huangshan Mountain

5. The following four pictures are landscape maps of four geographical areas in China. Describe the scenery in North China: C.

A B C D

6. The architectural features of the residential building on the right reflect the local climate characteristics. This area is: C.

A. Hot and arid desert

B. perennial cold areas

C. Hot and rainy climate

D. High plateau

The temperature in the city is higher than that in the suburbs, which is the so-called "urban heat island effect". For example, the annual average temperature in Shanghai is higher than that in the suburbs 1. 1℃, Berlin 1.0℃, and Moscow is 0.7℃ higher. The causes of "urban heat island effect" are: C.

The buildings in a city are mostly white, which has a strong ability to reflect solar radiation heat.

B There are good drainage facilities in the city, so there is little heat loss from evaporation.

C. Urban buildings have high density and strong ability to absorb solar radiation heat.

D. the population density of cities is much higher than that of suburbs.

8. The Tropic of Cancer runs through the central part of Taiwan Province Province. Taiwan Province Island is surrounded by the sea and is influenced by the maritime monsoon. The climate is pleasant all year round, with no severe cold in winter and no heat in summer, and the trees are lush all year round. On the other hand, the main peak of Yushan Mountain is covered with snow all year round. The reasons for this contrast are: D.

A. Yushan is located in the north of the Tropic of Cancer.

B. The temperature decreases with the elevation of the terrain (Yushan is 3997 meters above sea level).

C. Yushan is surrounded by mountains, so warm air can't get in.

D. Yushan is easily affected by cold current because of its high terrain.

9. When you go up the mountain by car, you sometimes feel the eardrum swelling and buzzing, but after going down the mountain, the symptoms naturally disappear. The reasons for this phenomenon are: D.

A.this car is too fast. It's the wind.

B.passengers with eardrums need to go to the hospital quickly.

C. the reason why passengers are thin.

D. In the process of climbing the mountain, the air pressure will gradually decrease, resulting in imbalance of air pressure inside and outside the eardrum, resulting in discomfort and buzzing.

10.04 in March 2004, the American rover Opportunity discovered that Mars may have a suitable living environment, based on: C.

A. fossils showing the origin and evolution of life

B. A large number of craters hit by meteoroids

C. signs of water infiltration

D. Atmosphere suitable for life breathing

1 1. Eco-tourism is a kind of tourism activity with dual responsibilities of protecting the natural environment and maintaining the lives of local people. It aims to protect the natural environment and biodiversity and maintain the sustainable development of resource utilization. The following do not meet the requirements of: d eco-tourism

A. Pursuing the display and protection of environmental resources and cultural integrity

B. selectively meet the requirements of tourists and have a planned spatial layout.

C. Sharing benefits among developers, tourists, local communities and residents

D. based on pleasure, tourism first, everything.

12. In order to produce green food, the following measures are correct: 2.

A. use low-toxic pesticides to control pests and diseases B. introduce excellent varieties resistant to pests and diseases.

C, adding whitening preservatives into foods such as flour, and d, using natural enemies of crop pests and diseases to control pests and diseases.

( 1)A、C (2)B、D (3)B、C (4)C、D

13. Meteorological elements include air pressure, temperature, humidity, wind, precipitation, evaporation, radiation and sunshine. When listening to the weather forecast, we are usually most concerned about two factors that have a direct impact on our daily life. They are: c

A. sunshine and rain B. wind and precipitation C. temperature and precipitation D. rain and snow

14. In the hot summer, Xiaoming's family went to the seaside for a holiday. He found that the temperature of seawater was lower than that of sand at noon; At night, the temperature of sea water is higher than that of sand. The reasons that can correctly explain the above phenomenon are: a.

A. The specific heat of seawater is higher than that of sand, and it absorbs heat slowly and releases heat slowly. B. The specific heat of seawater is higher than that of sand, and it absorbs heat and releases heat quickly.

C. The specific heat of sand is higher than that of seawater, and it absorbs heat slowly and releases heat slowly. D. The specific heat of sand is higher than that of seawater, and it absorbs heat and releases heat quickly.

15. Landscape is the synthesis of natural factors and social factors on the earth's surface. The following landscape matches its corresponding area, and the correct one is C.

A. Water Town-North China Plain B. Tea Garden-Shandong Mountain

C. Linhai Xueyuan-Daxinganling D. Beach Coconut Forest-Xishuangbanna

16. In order to protect the natural environment and natural resources, especially rare animal and plant resources, people set aside certain areas for protection and management, which is the nature reserve. The following descriptions of nature reserves are incorrect: D.

A. In a sense, nature reserves are natural treasures of species resources and ecosystems.

B. nature reserves are natural laboratories established in nature.

Nature reserves are natural museums and natural forums that educate the public about environmental protection.

D nature reserves can provide natural attractions for tourists to enjoy and entertain.

17. Disposable consumer goods are convenient and fast, but they also act as an "accelerator" to turn resources into garbage, causing pollution to the environment. The attitude we should adopt towards this kind of consumer goods is: B.

A. it's more convenient. I advocate using it B. I don't need it myself, and I advise others not to.

C. as long as I don't use it, I don't care if others use it. D. it doesn't matter

18. Weather refers to the atmospheric conditions in a short time. The following statements about the weather are incorrect: C.

A: It's sunny today. B: Affected by the cold air in the south, there will be a cooling phenomenon in the next few days.

C.july is the hottest month of the year. D. The maximum daytime temperature tomorrow is 12℃, accompanied by dust.

19. Fishermen use GIS technology to find fish quickly and accurately, which will increase the catch of fish. If this technology is overused, it may appear: b

A. the catch is increasing.

B. overfishing in some sea areas leads to the gradual depletion of fishery resources.

C. increased the production cost of fisheries.

It will only promote fishery production, increase the development and utilization of fishery resources and improve the living standards of fishermen.

20. A correct understanding of the composition of resources helps people to better arrange their own production and life. The following figure is a schematic diagram of the relationship among natural resources, water resources and energy, in which D can correctly express the relationship between them.

2 1. Religion is a social and historical phenomenon, and there have been many different religions since ancient times. Judaism, Christianity and Islam all originated from: A.

Middle east b southern Europe c India d western Europe

22. Both Hanzhong City and xi 'an City are located in Shaanxi Province, but Hanzhong City is located at the southern foot of Qinling Mountain and Xi 'an is located at the northern foot of Qinling Mountain, which makes them very different in natural landscape. Read the picture and judge that the following description of the difference between them is incorrect: C.

A. The average temperature in Hanzhong in January is above 0 degrees Celsius, and that in Xi 'an in January is below 0 degrees Celsius.

B. Paddy field crops are the main crops in Hanzhong area, and dryland crops are the main crops in Xi area.

C. The vegetation in Hanzhong is mainly broad-leaved forest, and that in Xi is mainly shrub.

D. The annual precipitation in Hanzhong is above 800 mm, and that in Xi Miko Wu is below 800 mm.

23. When climbing Mount Everest with a torch, the most likely factor that causes the torch to go out during the summit: D.

A. the temperature decreases with the increase of height.

C. Air pressure decreases with height.

24. In order to protect the life activities and working ability of astronauts, people have developed various spacesuits. There are many plastic pipes in the underwear of the spacesuit, and there is a liquid in the pipes, which can radiate the heat of the human body and keep the body at a proper temperature. If the main function of the spacesuit fails, the display and control device installed in the spacesuit will give an alarm and indicate how to troubleshoot. The following spacesuit functions are incorrect:

Structure diagram B of the space suit in Shenzhou VI cabin developed by China.

A, the spacesuit has the function of adjusting temperature. B, the spacesuit has the function of pressurizing the human body.

C the spacesuit has the function of self-detection and troubleshooting. D spacesuits can be used to gain weight to reduce the feeling of weightlessness.

25. It is the duty of every citizen to save water and protect water resources. The following practices are incorrect: C.

A. industrial water is discharged after reaching the standard. B. Encourage residents to use water-saving faucets and toilets.

C, discharging domestic water into the sea d, watering gardens or agriculture with sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation.

Due to the rising sea level, Tuvalu, a Pacific island country, will face a "catastrophe", and its government has officially announced that it will immigrate to New Zealand. The environmental problems affecting immigrants in this country are:

A. frequent earthquakes B. global warming C. marine pollution D. serious acid rain

27. There is an ozone layer with high ozone content in the stratosphere, which can absorb and filter harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun and effectively protect the survival of life on earth. Due to ozone depletion, it will:

A. due to the increase of solar radiation, crop yield has increased. 2. The incidence of skin cancer and cataract has increased.

C. it is beneficial to the health of animals and plants in the sun. There are more kinds of creatures in the ocean.

Although there is a lot of water on the earth, most of it can't be directly used by people. What we usually call water resources is water resources in a narrow sense, which can be directly used for human production and life. Among the following options, C can be directly used by humans.

A. Sea water in the East China Sea B. Lake water in Qinghai Lake C. Antarctic Glacier D. Groundwater in the city

29. Traditional settlements are an important historical and cultural heritage left by early humans. In order to protect them, UNESCO adopted the Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1972. One of the following is not listed in the world cultural heritage list: d.

A. Toledo, the ancient Spanish city B. Lijiang, Yunnan, China C. Venice, Italy D. New Delhi, India

30. Among the following measures to solve the water shortage problem, D is wrong.

A. building reservoirs B. seawater utilization and desalination C. wastewater treatment and reuse D. exploiting groundwater as much as possible.

When the earthquake comes, we should seize every opportunity to escape. The correct one of the following shock absorption measures is a.

If there is an earthquake in class, hold your head, close your eyes, curl up and quickly hide under the desk.

(2) When a moving car is used for shock absorption, you should hold the handrail tightly and get off after the earthquake.

(3) When absorbing vibration outdoors, you should choose to squat or get down in the open space.

(4) In places that need shock absorption, such as theaters and gymnasiums, you should squat down or lie under the row chairs and block your head with things you carry with you.

A ①②③ B ①②④ C ①③④ D ①②③④

32. The Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is a project of great strategic significance to alleviate the serious water shortage in northern China. Its starting point is: B.

A. Three Gorges of the Yangtze River B. Danjiangkou Reservoir C. Gezhouba Water Control Project D. Sanmenxia Reservoir

33. In1910, a person discovered that the continental contours on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean were concave and convex, and made a field trip. Later, it was proved from the aspects of paleontological fossils and stratigraphic structure that Africa and South America were connected before, and the "continental drift theory" was put forward. This man is C.

A. Copernicus Columbus Wei Gena Magellan

34. There is a fast-growing forest in a certain area, and the growth cycle of trees in this area is 15 years. What do you think is the reasonable way to meet the local timber demand without damaging the forestry development? B.

A. according to the local demand for wood, cut down trees.

B. Divide the forest land into 15 areas, and cut down one area every year.

C. according to the market demand, if one is needed, cut one and fill another.

D. Cut down mature trees appropriately, and then plant new seedlings.

Cashmere is very expensive in the market. Goatskin, goat's mutton and goat's milk are all very popular commodities in the market. As a result, many areas in China began to vigorously develop goats. Some farmers may have solved the problem of food and clothing by raising several goats. However, a few years later, people found that goats had the habit of eating grass with grass roots, which made the grassland that goats "patronized" barren. According to what you have learned, judge the following statement, and the correct one is D.

A. Develop goat breeding industry in the west to help farmers get rid of poverty and become rich as soon as possible.

B develop southern goat breeding industry to help farmers get rid of poverty and become rich as soon as possible.

C resist high consumption and try not to buy cashmere products.

The local government strictly restricts the development of goat industry to prevent ecological damage.

36. Some people think that there are three basic levels of a harmonious society. The first level is the harmony between people, the second level is the harmony between people and society, and the third level is D.

A.b. Harmony between urban and rural areas

C. Harmony between the rich and the poor D. Harmony between man and nature

37. Green consumption is a new consumption behavior and process characterized by moderately controlling consumption, avoiding or reducing environmental damage, advocating nature and protecting ecology. The more important concept of green consumption concept than traditional consumption concept is C:

A. Care about personal health and safety B. Care about economic interests

C. Concerned about the impact on the environment D. Concerned about social equity

In a restaurant, what you should refuse to spend is: D.

A. meatless B. chicken C. mutton D. frog meat

39. The typhoon brought plenty of rain to a large area, but it also caused various damages. Because of its sudden and destructive power, it is one of the most serious natural disasters in the world. When encountering a typhoon, the following practices are incorrect:

A. When crossing a narrow bridge or high place, bend over and crawl forward.

B when traveling in low-lying areas along the seashore and estuary, you should try to take refuge in solid hotels and typhoon shelters far away from the coast.

C. If you take refuge in the wild, evacuate the shelter immediately after the strong typhoon.

D If you have to go out during the typhoon, you should try to huddle up and wear colorful and tight clothes and pants.

40. The figure below shows the wind direction frequency circle of a city. The city plans to build a new coal-fired power plant, and the most suitable location should be in Area A of the city.

A. Northeast B. Southwest

C. southeast and northwest

The second part is the writing of scientific papers.

Why does the river in my hometown turn black?

Paper points: Take a river in my hometown as an example.

(1) What harm does the black river in my hometown bring to my life?

(2) What are the reasons for the blackening of rivers in my hometown? What are the ways to prove it?

(3) Try to put forward some solutions that you can do to make the river in your hometown clear again.

Please write a short article on the topic of "protecting the rivers in your hometown". Requirements: clear, accurate and reasonable. The number of words is between 400 and 600.