The Origin and Evolution of Late Surnames

Chi is the 238th most populous surname in China, which is concentrated in Shandong and Northeast China. Nowadays, people with late surnames account for about 0.026% of the national population, with a total population of about 330,000.

Late names and totems

Late, the original meaning is to March smoothly and slowly. Bow, I am slow but not in a hurry. Not sooner or later. Being late is related to slow action, indicating that the late clan is located in a remote geographical location. Late, meaning to wait for a long time, was often used as a name by the ancients, and finally a late surname appeared.

The Origin and Evolution of Late Surnames

Chi Yuanyuan has two branches, Gu Shengxian and Ji surname. The first comes from a person's name. 0 said: "Chi's family was in Taiyuan, and later Yin took office late." This Chi family has a history of more than 3,000 years.

The second expenditure comes from Ji's surname. Xu Fan was a retainer of Luji family and a disciple of Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period. His name was Chichi, also called Chichi. Later, he took the hippo chef as his surname. The history of Ji's surname Chi is about 2500 years.

Inflow of foreign genes

Chi's lineage has always been relatively simple. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the blood of different nationalities began to melt into people. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the surname of Wei Chi of Xianbei nationality was late. In the early Qing Dynasty, the Eight Banners of Manchu took Jia and Shi as surnames, and later they were collectively referred to as late. Today, there are late surnames in Manchu and Mongolian, which have become an important part of late surnames in Northeast China.

The Distribution and Migration of Surnames in Late History

In the pre-Qin period, the late surname originated in Shandong, and in the Ming Dynasty, Shandong was still the main gathering place. Then moved north, when Hebei was an important immigrant place. Into the Qing dynasty, broken into the northeast.

Distribution and Atlas of Late Contemporary Surnames

At present, there are about 330,000 late surnames, which is the 238th largest surname, accounting for 0.026% of the national population. The distribution of late surnames in China is mainly concentrated in Shandong, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia, accounting for 75% of the total population of late surnames in China, followed by Jilin, Hebei, Hubei and Beijing. Shandong is the largest province with late surname, accounting for 19% of the total population of late surname.

The Schematic Diagram of the Distribution Frequency of Late Surnames in the Population shows that in most areas of Shandong, Hebei, northern Jiangsu, Beijing, Tianjin, Heijiliao and eastern Inner Mongolia, the proportion of Late Surnames in the local population is generally above 0.05%, and in the central region it can reach above 0.4%. The coverage area of the above areas accounts for about 17.2% of the total area of China, and about 79% of the late surnames live there.

Traditional culture of the deceased's surname

Wang's county name is Taiyuan. Taiyuan County was established in the early Qin Dynasty. Jinyang, the old city is in the southwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi. The jurisdiction is equivalent to the area of Wutai Mountain, south of Guancen Mountain and north of Huoshan Mountain in Shanxi today.

There are three important couplets about the surname of the deceased:

The motto is to inherit the old, be good at politics and spread the new.

Seek the old adage and stay behind forever; Reform and good governance spread all over eastern Hunan.

Ji Zhugang said easily that the world admired him. Those who punish thieves live, and the people call it salty.

At present, libraries in the United States, Japan and other countries have two genealogies of deceased surnames.

Celebrity frequency and family sages

0 earned four late names, accounting for 0.009% of the total number of celebrities, ranking 574th in the celebrity surname list; Famous writers with late surnames account for 0.0 1% of the total number of writers in China, ranking 325th. Famous artists with late surnames account for 0.02% of the total number of artists in China, ranking 277th.

Important figures with late surnames in history are: Jiaqing Jinshi in Ming Dynasty and Chi Fengxiang, assistant minister of the Ministry of War; It is too late to supervise the empire; Liaocheng magistrate was in the late Qing Dynasty.

Late surname blood group

The total distribution of blood types of people with late surnames is: O type accounts for 30.7%, A type accounts for 27.8%, B type accounts for 3 1.6%, and AB type accounts for 9.9%.