What are the records of Huguang filling in Sichuan in history, who and where?

Huguang filling Sichuan refers to two large-scale migration waves of residents from Hunan, Hubei (namely Huguang Province) and Guangdong (mainly Hakka) who moved into Sichuan at the end of Yuan Dynasty, early Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. According to research, there are also residents from more than a dozen provinces such as Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangxi. In the early years of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Dedi, the governor of Sichuan, went to Luzhou via Chongqing. He patrolled along the way and traveled by boat for many days. Zhang Dedi was surprised to see that there were not many people. Where did all the locals go? The waiter replied: they are all dead. It turns out that during the 30 years from the end of Ming Dynasty to the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Sichuan suffered from frequent wars, famines and plagues, which led to a sharp drop in the population of Sichuan. According to research, the population of Sichuan in the early Qing Dynasty was only about 500,000, and there were only a few hundred households in Chongqing (now Chaotianmen to Qixinggang Tongyuanmen). There are only a dozen people left in the counties under the jurisdiction of Chongqing! Dedi Zhang promptly reported the situation to the court. Kangxi ordered to encourage large-scale immigration to Sichuan (including Chongqing), and the Qing government also promulgated a series of preferential immigration policies for this purpose. Immigrants from Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Henan and other provinces flooded into Sichuan, and the decades-long migration activity of "Huguang filling Sichuan" began. Sichuan Tongzhi: "Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, there have been many toothed fireworks in Shu. After the war in the late Ming Dynasty, Dingkou was as rare as the morning star. " According to the population statistics in the twenty-four years of Kangxi, the population of Sichuan Province, which experienced large-scale wars, was only over 90,000. During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the Sichuan Basin after the war finally calmed down, and a number of new local officials began to take office. In the eyes of these ambitious officials, I don't know how rich Sichuan is. However, when they rode to the new official residence, they found that the legendary land of abundance was so desolate, broken and riddled with holes. In the seventh year of Kangxi, Dedi Zhang, the governor of Sichuan Province, played Emperor Kangxi with great anxiety, showing a strong sense of hardship. He said: "I am honored to be appointed as the highest local official in Sichuan by the emperor and come to this war-torn place to show my great ambition. But now, when I stand in the devastated past, I can't increase my income, and it's hard to collect taxes, which makes me feel embarrassed, unable to eat or sleep. I was sent by the emperor, but I am loyal to the country and the court. After a few days of thinking, I feel that there seems to be no other good way to attract immigrants to reclaim land and rebuild their homes. " Historical materials of Ming and Qing dynasties, title book of the Ministry of Housing. Governor Zhang also mentioned some immigration methods in his memorial. For example, local officials in neighboring provinces of Sichuan can be ordered to check those Sichuanese who left their homes because of the war and register them, and then Sichuan can "send officials to take over them" or the government can directly introduce immigration policies and move people from densely populated provinces to Sichuan through administrative means. Emperor Kangxi, sitting on the dragon chair in the Forbidden City, is also struggling with the taxation and reconstruction of the whole country. He received memorials from local officials in Sichuan, called relevant departments to listen to relevant reports, officially promulgated an imperial edict entitled "Recruiting People to Fill Sichuan in the Thirty-third Year of Kangxi", and ordered large-scale immigration from Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong and other places to Sichuan. The word "Huguang" originally refers to the "Huguang Province" established by the Yuan Dynasty, which is equivalent to parts of Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi, Guangdong and Guizhou. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, due to years of war, Huguang area was deserted and its population decreased. The Ming government moved people from Jiangxi and other provinces to Huguang, allowing them to "plant flags and occupy land". In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Sichuan, which had experienced war, was desolate and sparsely populated. Sichuan has experienced seven great migrations in history. For the first time, after Qin destroyed Shu Ba, thousands of Qin immigrants entered Shu, about 40 thousand to 50 thousand; The second time, from the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the population of northern China moved southward. During this period, a large number of immigrants from Shaanxi, Gansu and other places adjacent to Sichuan entered Sichuan from Qinling. The third time, in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, northerners moved south all over the country. At this time, Shaanxi and Gansu immigrants entered Sichuan; The fourth time was at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, southern immigrants mainly from Hubei entered Sichuan. The fifth time, Yu Sheng immigrated to Sichuan in early Qing Dynasty. The largest number of immigrants this time were Hubei and Hunan (at that time, the administrative region was called "Huguang Province", and part of Guangxi was also under its jurisdiction), and the immigrant population reached more than 6.5438+0 million. Now the folklore "Huguang fills Sichuan" is a great migration when the blood and tears of Laochuan people are about to run out, which is a specific historical concept. The sixth time was the early liberation of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression to the whole country, and many people fled or settled in Sichuan. The seventh time was the Three Gorges immigrants from the end of 20th century to the beginning of 2nd/kloc-0th century, and many people settled in Sichuan.