In ancient times, people said: What do piano, chess, calligraphy and painting refer to?

Qin, chess, calligraphy and painting This refers to the four ancient artistic cultural relics or techniques of qin, chess, calligraphy and painting. Qin, chess, calligraphy and painting all originated from the "Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors" period known in the literature.

The Qin and Se. According to literature, Fuxi (2400 BC-2370 BC) invented the Qin and Se. The harps are all made of sycamore wood with hollow cavities and silk ropes as strings. The Qin originally had five strings, but later it was changed to seven strings; the harp had twenty-five strings. It can be seen from the number of strings that the volume of the zither is larger than that of the qin. The main difference between qin and zi lies in the different occasions on which they are played. The qin is played in front of distinguished guests. The guests do not speak and concentrate on watching the playing and listening to the sound of the qin. This is a formal concert occasion. The harp is used for playing background music. The se was placed behind the screen, and the guests sat around the table, chatting, eating and drinking amidst the sound of music. This is a social occasion. Of course, the harp and the harp can be played together. The harp is in front of the stage, facing the guests; . Before the harp starts to play, there is the sound of drums to guide the performance. The purpose of the ancients inventing and using the harp was to smoothen the yin and yang energy and purify the human heart. Therefore, the invention of Qinse was between 2400 BC and 2370 BC, and the place of invention was in the capital of Fuxi, present-day Huaiyang City, Henan Province.

Go, according to literature, was invented by Yao and Shun (2205 BC-2110 BC). Go was called "Yi" in ancient times, which means "you throw a piece and I throw a piece." The name "Go" means "a chess game that uses encirclement and counter-encirclement tactics to determine the outcome." Go reflects the history of the development of western Shandong and eastern Henan during the Longshan Culture era of the Central Plains. Today's fertile, vast and densely populated Huanghuaihai Plain was a large swamp area before 2600 BC, which was called the "Great Wilderness" in the Classic of Mountains and Seas, and was basically uninhabited. Starting from 2600 BC, residents of the Dawenkou Culture entered this area from the east, residents of the original Hongshan Culture entered this area from the north, residents of the Yangshao Culture entered this area from the west, and residents of the Liangzhu Culture entered this area from the south. At the beginning when immigrants from all over the country poured into the no-man's land, because there was a lot of open space, they basically concentrated on enclosing the land and there was no conflict between them. It's like the beginning of Go, with both sides seizing the ground. With the increase in immigration, there are fewer and fewer unowned open spaces, and the settlements of various ethnic groups have begun to border each other, and even intersect with each other, resulting in a complex situation where I am surrounded by you, and you are surrounded by me. In order to consolidate the territory and expand the living space, Various ethnic groups have launched a long-term competition between encirclement and counter-encirclement, annexation and counter-annexation, strength versus strength, and intelligence versus intelligence. The basic principle of the contest is to win with more, to win with less, to rely on local numerical superiority, and to rely on siege to determine the number of people. Ownership of land (land disputes between two villages in modern rural areas are also resolved by fighting, and the larger village with more people has a better chance of winning). This is the basic game method of Go. A major feature of Go that is different from chess is that its chess pieces have no differences in status or status. This is exactly the characteristic of the immigrant world. In today's immigrant country, the United States, tens of thousands of immigrants from various countries pour in every year. These immigrants have different original identities. After arriving in the United States, they all become the same. Generals will wash dishes with hawkers in a restaurant, because they all have different identities. It's an immigrant. Therefore, Go is a simulation of the early history of the western Shandong and eastern Henan regions, a historical memory in the Central Plains culture, and a way to relive the fierce competition of intelligence and strength in the form of entertainment. Ancient documents claim that the purpose of Yao and Shun in inventing Go was to appease their respective eldest sons Danzhu and Shangjun. Due to the abdication system, they could not ascend to the throne and personally perform the national history, so they used Go to simulate and evolve the national history. Satisfy the desires of their hearts. If the place where Yao and Shun lived is taken as the place where Go was born, then this place is today's Linfen City, Shanxi Province.

Calligraphy is a unique art form in the Chinese character culture circle. Calligraphy emerged after the invention of Chinese characters. According to literature, Chinese characters were invented by Cangjie, the historian of the Yellow Emperor (2337 BC-2307 BC). There are three possible places where Chinese characters were invented: Liangcheng Town, Qufu, and Xinzheng in Rizhao, Shandong Province, and most likely Qufu. Therefore, Chinese calligraphy as an art must have appeared after 2300 BC, in the Central Plains region.

Painting was produced before the invention of writing, and may also appear at the same time as calligraphy (the ancients said that "calligraphy and painting have the same origin"). The earliest professional painter mentioned in the literature is "Huoshou", the sister of Emperor Shun (2162 BC-2110 BC). If "group head" is used as the symbol of the emergence of painting art, then she may have lived a little later, 200 years after the invention of Chinese characters. And the place where he lived is difficult to determine. To sum up, the four major art categories of music, chess, calligraphy and painting are all based on the era of Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, that is, the Longshan Cultural Era of the Central Plains, and are all located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.