When and how will the two Germanys be reunited?

At 0:00 on October 3, 1990, Germany, which had been divided for 45 years, was reunited. At 0:00 on October 3, 1990, for the 80 million people of the Democratic Republic of Germany and the Federal Republic of Germany, it was a At an extraordinary moment, in front of the Reichstag Building in Berlin, accompanied by the national anthem of the Federal Republic of Germany, the black, red and yellow flag of the Federal Republic of Germany was slowly raised on a specially made flagpole. This ceremony announced to the world that Germany, which had been divided for 45 years, was reunited.

After World War II, Germany was divided into two countries: the Democratic Republic of Germany and the Federal Republic of Germany. In 1955, they joined the Warsaw Pact and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization respectively. The two Germanys have been in confrontation with each other for a long time. At the end of 1989, the political situation in the Democratic Republic of Germany underwent drastic changes. In March 1990, de Maiziere, chairman of the Christian Democratic Union, came to power to form a cabinet, and the two German governments formally negotiated the issue of reunification. On May 18, a national treaty on the establishment of a monetary, economic and social union between the two Germanys was signed. It stipulates that from July 1, both Germany and Germany will use the West German mark. The country's economic foundation is a social market economy and West Germany's labor regulations will be implemented. On August 31, a second national treaty on the political reunification of the two Germanys was signed. It stipulates that the nation will restore the five state structures before the administrative division reform in July 1952, East and West Berlin will be merged into one state, and it will collectively join the Federal Republic of Germany on October 3 in accordance with West Germany's "Basic Law".

On September 12, the foreign ministers of the two Germanys signed a treaty with the foreign ministers of the United States, the Soviet Union, Britain and France to finally resolve the German issue, allowing the reunification of Germany to be agreed by the former victorious countries. On October 3, 1990, the Democratic Republic of Germany officially joined the Federal Republic of Germany, and the two Germanys were reunified. On December 2, parliamentary elections were held across Germany. The Christian Democratic Union won and Kohl became the first chancellor of reunified Germany.

Background information: A brief summary of major events in Germany's division and reunification

In the 1970s, the hostility and confrontation between East and West Germany eased. On May 26, 1972, the East and West German governments signed the first inter-state treaty, the General Agreement on Transport and Communications, in Berlin.

On December 21, 1972, West Germany and the Democratic People's Republic of Germany signed the "Basic Treaty on Relations between the Two Countries", which established that East and West Germany would establish normal good-neighborly relations with each other on the basis of equality. Permanent Representative Office" etc.

On September 18, 1973, East and West Germany joined the United Nations at the same time.

In the 1980s, as the world and European situations developed and changed, the relationship between the two Germanys also evolved.

In February 1984, West German Prime Minister Kohl and General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany Honecker met in Moscow and issued a statement, emphasizing that the peaceful coexistence of the two Germanys was beneficial to the development of Europe. effect.

In March 1985, Kohl and Honecker met again in Moscow and stated that the two sides were willing to develop bilateral relations on the basis of the "Basic Treaty on Relations between the Two Countries" signed in 1972 and would never allow War breaks out again on German soil.

In September 1987, Honecker visited West Germany for the first time.

On September 14, 1988, East and West Germany once again reached an agreement including transit and highway expansion to further develop mutual transportation.

On March 30, 1989, the People's Republic of Germany announced that it would relax the conditions for people from the People's Republic of China to travel to West Germany from April 1.

Since August 1989, a large number of German citizens have poured into West Germany.

On October 18, 1989, General Secretary Honecker announced his resignation and Krenz took over as General Secretary. On November 9, Germany announced the opening of the Berlin Wall and the border between the two countries.

On November 28, 1989, Kohl proposed the "Ten-Point Plan" for German reunification.

From December 19 to 20, 1989, Prime Minister Kohl visited Germany and Germany. The leaders of the two countries agreed that they would establish a treaty community with economic cooperation as the core content.

On February 1, 1990, Modelo, Chairman of the Democratic Council of Ministers, proposed a "four-step plan" for the unification of Germany.

On February 7, 1990, the West German government proposed to Germany that negotiations on monetary union and economic reform should begin immediately. On the 13th, Modelo and Kohl held talks in Bonn. The two sides stated that they would achieve the goal of German reunification within Europe. The two countries also reached an agreement on the establishment of an expert committee on monetary union.

On February 13, 1990, the foreign ministers of the United States, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, France and the two Germanys agreed in Ottawa to hold a "two plus four" foreign ministers' meeting to discuss and resolve "external issues" related to reunification.

On February 18, 1990, the Democratic General Election was announced, and the German Alliance won and formed a government. De Maiziere, chairman of the Christian Democratic Union, became prime minister.

On May 18, 1990, the two Germanys signed a national treaty establishing a monetary, economic and social union. On July 1, the treaty officially came into effect. The West German Mark replaced the German Mark. The Democratic Mark fully introduced the current legal system of West Germany in the monetary, economic and social fields.

On August 2, 1990, the two German governments initialed an electoral treaty and decided to hold a German general election on December 2. On August 23, 1990, a special meeting of the People's House of Germany passed the proposal to join the Federal Republic of Germany on October 3, 1990.

On August 31, 1990, the two German governments signed the "Unification Treaty" on the realization of political reunification.

On September 12, 1990, the foreign ministers of the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain, France and the two Germans held the fourth round of "two plus four" talks in Moscow and signed the "Treaty for the Final Solution to the German Question." The treaty made a series of provisions on Germany's borders, military and political status after reunification, the end of the rights and responsibilities of the four major powers towards Germany, and the full sovereignty of a unified Germany.

On September 21, 1990, the two German parliaments approved the Treaty of Unification between the two Germanys.

On October 1, 1990, the foreign ministers of the United Kingdom, France, the United States, the Soviet Union and the two Germanys signed a declaration in New York, announcing that they would cease the exercise of power by the four countries of Britain, France, the United States, and the Soviet Union in Berlin and Germany. .

On October 3, 1990, the two Germanys were reunified.

On October 3, 1990, Vice Premier Wu Xueqian said when meeting with Han Peide, Ambassador of the Republic of Germany to China: "The Chinese government and the Chinese people have always understood, sympathized with and supported the German people's demand for reunification. desire. We respect the choice of the German people and welcome Germany's eventual peaceful reunification." The Chinese government and people hope that German reunification will be conducive to peace, stability and development in Europe and the world. China has had good relations with the two German countries in the past and is willing to strengthen and develop the existing friendly relations between China and Germany on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful International Cooperation with a unified Germany.