Interstellar migration

Contrary to the premise of the problem, Venus will become less and less suitable for living things.

Photo: Comparison between Venus and the Earth.

Venus is very similar to the earth in mass and size, and also has a dense atmosphere, which is not what the subject said. It's just that the atmospheric density is too high, and the atmospheric pressure on the surface of Venus is equivalent to 1000 meters on the seabed of the earth.

The content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Venus reaches an astonishing 96.5%, and the greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide makes the surface temperature of Venus reach more than 400 degrees Celsius. Comparatively speaking, the pressure cooker used in the kitchen is more suitable for life than Venus.

Photo: The surface of Venus

Venus was not born in a hellish environment. Billions of years ago, the environment of Venus may have a global ocean just like when the earth was just formed. Maybe a big impact changed all this. The big impact changed the rotation direction of Venus (opposite to other planets), and it became very slow. It rotates once every 243 Earth Days, which is longer than period of revolution's 224.7 Earth Days.

It may be that the slow rotation changed the internal lava flow, making Venus lose its magnetic field. The solar wind will make lighter gas molecules (hydrogen, etc.). ) escape into space, leaving behind heavier carbon dioxide (Venus is heavier and can retain heavier gas molecules, which is different from Mars). This runaway greenhouse effect destroys the conditions under which life can be born.

Due to the continuous accumulation of helium in the core of the sun, the brightness of the sun is increasing. Almost every 65.438+billion years, the brightness of the sun will increase by 654.38+00%, so the position of the livable zone of the sun will move to the outside. Venus broke away from the livable zone billions of years ago, and the earth will break away from the livable zone about 65.438 billion years later.

Figure: The upper part shows the current location of the livable zone (between Mars and Venus).

The following is the position of the sun when it began to become a red giant (in the orbit of Jupiter and Saturn)

In this way, due to the evolution of the sun, Venus can only become less and less suitable for life.

Venus is the planet in the solar system whose innate conditions are most similar to those of the Earth, but it is also the most regrettable planet.

Venus is close to 90% of the earth's volume and 80% of the earth's mass. It is the planet with the closest mass to the Earth among all known celestial bodies (including extrasolar planets), and Venus has an atmosphere, so it should be a living planet like the Earth.

However, the surface of Venus is like hell, with an average temperature of 460 degrees Celsius. Many metals such as lead and tin can be melted at this temperature. The atmospheric pressure on the surface of Venus is as high as 96 times that of the earth, which is equivalent to the water pressure at the depth of 900 meters in the earth's ocean. Although there are clouds in the sky, it often rains with sulfuric acid, and the sunlight can hardly reach the surface, so the surface of Venus is like hell.

Venus is the planet with the most similar mass and volume to the earth, and its orbit is very close to the livable zone of the solar system, but it is not located in the livable zone, which is the regret point1; Although Venus has an atmosphere similar to the Earth, it has no magnetic field and cannot protect the upper atmosphere. This is the second point to regret. Although Venus has an atmosphere, it has caused a serious greenhouse effect, so that the surface temperature is very high, which is the third regret; Although there is rain on Venus, the atmosphere of Venus is mainly carbon dioxide, and the concentration of sulfur dioxide in some places is not low, so it is all sulfuric acid rain, which is the fourth point that is regrettable.

In the 1960s and 1970s, space powers such as the United States and the Soviet Union were just beginning to understand Venus. They once thought that Venus was as suitable for life as the earth. However, through on-the-spot observation, we found that the surface problems and environmental conditions of Venus were completely different from those of the Earth, so we gave up further exploration.

Astronomers believe that Venus billions of years ago was not what it is now, but similar to the earth today. At that time, the sunshine was not as strong as it is now. Venus is located in the livable zone of the solar system, and there may be life species on it. However, due to the changes of space environment and stellar environment, Venus is no longer a planet suitable for life, and gradually evolved into such a state.

Then, can humans transform Venus in the future, develop it into a surface environment like our earth, and immigrate to Venus? As long as human technology can develop to a high enough level, such a thing is not impossible. But first, it needs to put the moving solar system in a livable zone, and then equip him with a moon-like satellite and its lava activities, thus creating the magnetic field of Venus, and then further changing the atmospheric composition of Venus, so that it can evolve into the earth environment in all aspects, so that human beings can transform it into another earth.

In fact, Venus is also the most ideal planet in the solar system that can develop into another earth, because its innate conditions are too similar to ours. If Venus has the same living environment as the earth in the future, then if we immigrate to Venus to live, you may feel similar to the earth.

Venus has entered the habitable zone of the solar system and the atmosphere is forming. Can humans migrate to Venus?

Whether Venus's present environment is livable or not, list its conditions first, and you will know fairly well!

Venus diameter: 12 103.6 km (the diameter of the earth is about12740 km);

Distance to the sun: about 1. 1 100 million kilometers (the earth is about1500 million kilometers from the sun);

Venus surface temperature: about 464 degrees (the average temperature of the earth is about 15 degrees).

Venus surface pressure: about 90 atmospheres (the earth surface is 1 standard atmosphere).

Atmospheric composition: 96.5% is carbon dioxide! (The proportion of carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere is 0.04%)

1. Does Venus move away from the sun at a speed of 30M every year?

More precisely, all the planets in the solar system are far away from the sun, because in the core of the sun, more than 650 million tons of hydrogen are converted into helium every second, with a quality defect of 4.5 million tons! So the center of gravity of the solar system is gradually reducing its mass, and it is obvious that every planet will be far away from the sun! So how much is it? There will be an outward migration of 1 .4-1.6 cm in about1astronomical unit. Venus is just about 0.7 astronomical unit from the sun, so its orbit will be far away from 1. -Every year 1. 1 cm!

2. Is there a direct relationship between the temperature and the distance of Venus?

The temperature of celestial bodies is directly related to the distance from the parent star, but the temperature of Venus is higher than that of Mercury, which is closer. Obviously, distance is not the key, but the runaway greenhouse effect. There is a layer of sulfuric acid cloud in Venus' atmosphere, and there is as high as 96.5% carbon dioxide, which allows light radiation to pass through, but does not allow infrared radiation on the ground to pass through, just like a quilt, which makes Venus enter a vicious circle of death!

3. Is there liquid water on the surface of Venus?

In theory, there can be no liquid water on the surface of Venus, not to mention the high temperature of 464℃. The water has boiled at 100℃. Of course, you will definitely say that the surface of Venus is nearly 90 atmospheres, which is much higher than the pressure in the pressure cooker. Of course, its boiling point will rise! But don't forget that water won't evaporate at its boiling point. If ice can sublimate in the sun, if it is liquid water, it can evaporate above 0 degrees. Of course, the higher the temperature, the more intense the molecular movement and the faster the evaporation rate! So you think Venus has been in this state for billions of years, and there may be liquid water?

Another thing to be reminded is that Venus has no primary magnetic field that can protect water vapor, but only an induced magnetic field. After the water vapor entering the atmosphere is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen, it is mercilessly stripped in the magnetic sheath of the induction magnetic field. Where did it go? Escape into space!

4. What is the future fate of Venus?

Venus will only get worse and worse, and it is impossible to get better without outside intervention. In fact, Venus is located at the hot edge of the livable zone of the solar system. Theoretically, if Venus can solve the problem that the greenhouse effect is out of control, it can still be saved!

But it is a pity that the climate of a planet cannot be changed at the human level, so for Venus, it can only be studied as a negative textbook at most to avoid the earth falling into a Venus-like hell! Colonial destination, let's look at Mars. Although it is a little far away, in fact, the conditions of Mars can indeed establish a scientific research base, but even so, human beings still need to spend a lot of money to upgrade their technology again, otherwise it will be an impossible task!

Venus' rotation speed of 392m/s forms centrifugal force, and its orbital speed is 35 km/s. In the long years of centrifugal movement, Venus is far away from the sun. Venus followed the footsteps of the earth step by step and began to become the planet of life. The organic matter on the surface of Venus is in the process of formation, and the temperature rise of its surface illumination at 90℃ does not affect the formation of organic matter. At that time, the temperature when the earth generated organic matter was 100℃, which did not affect the formation of organic matter by inorganic substances. Venus affects the formation of water under the influence of complex motion forces, which is similar to the stage of organic matter formation on the earth, except that the surface temperature of the earth is higher when organic matter is formed, but Venus has more gaseous impurities. The highest temperature rise of Venus at high altitude varies from 470℃ to 90℃. With the increase of star evolution time, space impurities tend to decrease, and the temperature rise of solar illumination is also decreasing. On the surface of Venus, the temperature and pressure of impurities increase continuously and then diffuse. The air pressure in the earth's upper air is lower than the surface, while Venus is a continuous high temperature and high pressure, and its mass diffusion is obviously higher than the surface. Venus can't produce high temperature and high pressure on its surface. At night, Venus' high-altitude air pressure drops sharply with the decrease of temperature, as if it suddenly disappears, with no oppressive feeling at all and similar surface. According to the fact that impurities are the chief culprit and the result of sunlight warming, they are not diffused by the high temperature and high pressure of Venus underground at all, so the temperature and pressure of Venus underground are the same as that of the earth underground, so mystification is idealistic. The Soviet Union deliberately exaggerated the facts and wanted to discuss them separately. The underground environment of Venus is suitable for planting, reproduction and bacterial reproduction, and has entered the initial stage of life. The phenomenon of high pressure caused by high temperature is not conducive to the emergence of life, but high temperature and high pressure are caused by too many impurities in the air, which has nothing to do with the existence of the earth's surface, but only with the temperature rise and pressure rise when the sun shines. As long as there is exercise, great changes can take place. Once the impurities tend to decrease, the temperature and pressure will return to the original color. If the detector wants to reach the ground, it must descend quickly to reduce the loss, and sealing is also an important anti-corrosion means. Once on the ground, it is another scene; The surface temperature of Venus rises close to 90℃, and the canyon is lower than 42℃, so water will not boil. As the depth increases, the temperature becomes lower. Because of the low temperature and air pressure in Venus Canyon, the problem became less serious after the probe landed. For the problem of high temperature and high pressure, too slow landing will damage the detector. For example, if a person takes copper coins from an oil pan, his body will burn if he is slow. Venus has a small high voltage range, which is caused by uneven distribution of impurities. The phenomenon of high temperature and high pressure at high altitude does not exist objectively because of the sudden drop of air pressure at night.

The gravity of the livable zone of the solar system plays a supporting role for all moving objects in the galaxy, and also plays a role in resisting the movement of objects. All celestial bodies must overcome the basic resistance of gravity in the process of movement, otherwise they will struggle like people in space and cannot move forward in a short time. The earth has both rotation and revolution in the solar system, which affects the following movement of gaseous substances on the earth's surface and keeps the gaseous substances on the star's surface in a dynamic state influenced by external forces. Dynamics is the fundamental reason for the formation of water after the interaction of substances, and it is also the driving force for life. In the whole evolution process of the earth, the earth will inevitably evolve colorful life, and only after life exists can it really bring endless vitality to the earth, let life evolve forever and eventually evolve into intelligent human beings. The earth was formed in the near orbit of the sun and the orbit of mercury, but there was no mercury; When the temperature was high, it was much higher than Venus. At that time, the earth's orbit was very unstable and it was a comet-like star. In the early days, the earth sometimes dragged a long tail with too many granular impurities. Only with the evolution time, the tail disappeared, entered a stable orbit, and revolved around the sun. According to the fact that the earth rotates, the force after rotation points to the centrifugal direction. No matter how insignificant the centrifugal force is, under the premise of centrifugal force, the orbital speed near the sun is 52km/s, the rotation speed is 392m/s, and the distance speed is 45m/ year, and the centrifugal trajectory will change obviously in slow years. As time goes by, the distance from the earth to the livable zone of the solar system will be closer and closer, and the living conditions will be more and more. When the earth is 65,438+0,654,38+0.7 billion kilometers away from the sun, the earth has entered the livable zone of the solar system. The earth itself will naturally produce a lot of water, and the sky and atmosphere will become thicker and the solid impurities will tend to decrease. Inorganic substances will be transformed into organic substances under the premise of power, and the formed organic substances will be distributed in all parts of the power space. Then, the organic matter progressed to protein, but the original protein was the simplest. Protein is an independent metabolic whole, which can replicate itself. No matter how simple protein was at the beginning, the stage of life evolution has begun, and the miracle of life has appeared. The vitality of life is formed in the process of resistance. Without wind and rain, there is no life. Life forms are various, such as wings are good for flying, legs are good for running, and life forms must adapt to sports. When the earth is 65.438+0.38 billion kilometers away from the sun, the land has been completely covered by water, and only the peaks exposed to the water have become the only land. Algae and invertebrates have evolved in the ocean, with more than 2 million species. There are creatures washed ashore in the sea, animals moved to land in the water, and species with flying skills can also evolve into the air. Complex and active life has filled the whole earth.

Vitality is the result of evolution.

The revolution of the earth's rotation leads to the movement of gaseous substances on the surface, and the power needed for the formation of life comes from power. Natural selection and survival of the fittest are the essence of Darwin's theory of evolution, which is applicable to the existence law of all life. There is a sudden change in the sky, lightning and thunder; The sea is rough and the tide rises and falls; There are volcanic eruptions and earthquakes on the ground; Space has light transmission temperature, light penetration and so on. …………; The motive force of life evolution comes from the spatial motive force acting on gaseous substances, which promotes the evolution of life. If it is a quiet world, it will never produce a moving body with active life. The conditions of life evolution are not static, but in a changing state, which changes with the changes of conditions and never stops. There is climate change on the surface of the earth, and natural disasters caused by small celestial bodies hitting the earth, man-made disasters are wars. The temperature drops suddenly, the mountains rise, the ground sinks, and the conditions of life are constantly changing. According to the law of celestial motion, the general trend of the surface temperature of stars is always decreasing, sometimes suddenly decreasing. As long as the weak bow their heads, they will be brutally eliminated by the laws of nature, and the process of species evolution is also in two States: extinction and mutation.

The specific gravity of the earth's surface is the fundamental condition to determine whether life can evolve. The surface of Mars has a large proportion, so there is no life activity and no evolutionary vitality at present. After the monkeys moved to Mars, they lost the power of evolution because of the high specific gravity on the surface of Mars. Life on Mars now tends to solidify and vitality tends to disappear. Monkeys on Mars not only have no evolutionary motivation, but also tend to perish. Power has an influence on gaseous substances and can form vitality. At present, the proportion of the earth's surface is not the proportion when monkeys evolved into adults. Now that the proportion of the earth has increased, monkeys have lost all evolutionary vitality. According to the proportion of the earth, it will not retreat, so monkeys will never evolve into adults. How can monkeys evolve into adults without evolutionary vitality? However, it cannot be ruled out that artificial ways produce vitality and artificially promote evolution. If monkeys are artificially educated from generation to generation, monkeys still have evolutionary vitality and can evolve into adults. Life vitality is inversely proportional to surface specific gravity, and life stability is inversely proportional to surface specific gravity, but there is an upper limit specific gravity value, that is, 2g/cm? . Evolution is closely related to vitality. It's hard to survive even when you're sick. The resulting vitality and evolutionary power are solidified, which can only naturally bring about self-destruction.

Venus has entered the habitable zone of the solar system, with long orbit1.1.400 million kilometers and short orbit1.200 million kilometers, and has entered the habitable zone of the solar system. Liquid water began to be produced on the surface of Venus, and water was already flowing in the valley. Temperature rise is the temperature rise of impurities, high pressure is the state of high temperature, and solar heat transfer has nothing to do with the surface. The atmosphere in the sky begins to increase in density and range, and impurities tend to decrease, and the original atmosphere will eventually be replaced by a new atmosphere. In terms of existence, Venus is the closest planet to the earth, and people on earth will not feel it because of the different gravity of Venus. The acceleration of Venus is 94% of the acceleration of the earth, that is, 9.2m/s, and Venus has simply become the reappearance of the life environment of the earth. Venus has the same temperature and pressure as the earth at the depth of 10 meter underground. The temperature transmitted by the sun first affects the upper air, and between 470℃ and 90℃, this temperature value does not affect the underground. The sun temperature Venus reaches 140℃ and the earth reaches 120℃, the difference is only 20℃, and the temperature of impurity stone is high. The surface temperature of Venus is very high, ranging from 90℃∽470℃ from top to bottom. Not all places are 470℃, the sun is not so high in the valley, the water is not so high, the ground is not so high, and there is still a temperature difference in famous places. With the evolution of Venus and the complete establishment of the atmosphere, the temperature will become 42℃∽75℃, and the lowest point will be -36℃. Venus's temperate zone and cold zone are suitable for the survival of life on earth. Venus' magnetic field is similar to that of the earth, and its surface specific gravity is close to that of the earth. The soil is 65,438+00% poorer than the earth, so it is not a problem to develop aquaculture, and it is completely feasible to raise fish in the canyon. You can also build a constant temperature bomb shelter. It is said that Venus has no magnetic field, and sometimes it can be measured. Pressure has an effect on the instrument.

Venus' atmosphere contains too many impurities, which is different from that of the earth. When the temperature is high and the pressure is high, the temperature of the surface stone will also rise rapidly, but when the local surface temperature rises by 90℃, the pressure will drop rapidly from top to bottom, and the pressure vector points to a large spatial range. Ten meters underground is the same as the earth's pressure, so it's impossible to say whether to do it or not. This situation should be treated separately. The probe will land on Venus at night and deep in the canyon, which will be smoother than expected. The space layer is the biggest obstacle to landing, but it is not 470℃ in a wide range of high altitude. Only by solving the problem of high temperature and high pressure in space can we reach the ground smoothly, and it will be another happy scene after reaching the ground.

In fact, the probability of moving to Venus is basically zero.

Why do humans have a Mars program but not a Venus program? In fact, all countries are planning to land on Mars, including China. Actually, this is a very strange phenomenon. You know, Venus is actually much closer to the earth than Mars. The most difficult thing to land on Mars is actually to solve the rocket carrying capacity. Venus is shorter, which shows that it can be achieved with less fuel. Why, isn't it strange that no country is doing the Venus project?

In fact, there are only four rocky planets in the whole solar system. Venus is about the size of the earth, and it is indeed near the livable zone, while Mars is much smaller. But scientists don't choose Venus, in fact, because the conditions of Venus are too poor.

First of all, Venus has an atmosphere, which is good. The problem is that Venus' atmosphere is 96% carbon dioxide, so its atmospheric pressure is 92 times that of the earth. Secondly, the surface temperature of Venus is super high, reaching 464 degrees Celsius, which is the highest among several planets.

So, don't say that everyone has gone to live. In fact, even the detection of Venus is enough to drink a pot. With our present technology, it is almost impossible to transform Venus.

Five billion years ago, humans moved from planet X to live on Mars.

2.5 billion years ago, humans moved from Mars to live on the earth.

2.5 billion years later, humans moved from the earth to live in Venus.

Five billion years later, man moved from Venus to the sun.

As Venus slowly moves away from the sun, Venus is also changing, and its atmosphere is also eliminating carbon dioxide and producing oxygen. This is the only way for the development and change of terrestrial planets. Do not believe, wait another 2 billion years, let's have a look.

Please remember:

The universe is infinite and matter is eternal.

Life is always there, and the spirit is boundless.

There is a mistake in this question: Venus withdrew from the livable zone of the solar system1~ 2 billion years ago. And as the temperature of the sun gets higher and higher, the environment of Venus will only get worse and worse, so humans will never move to Venus.

Venus's environment Venus and Mars are also called the sister planets of the earth, but Venus is different from the cold Mars, with a dense carbon dioxide atmosphere on its surface, accounting for 96%, so that its temperature is as high as 500℃. Strong sulfuric acid rain often falls on the surface of Venus, the atmospheric pressure is more than 90 times that of the earth, and the wind speed is as high as 530 km/h. When people go there, they are either poisoned by carbon dioxide, corroded and ossified instantly under sulfuric acid rain, crushed by huge pressure, or blown all over the sky by hurricanes. Moreover, with the passage of time, more and more helium is accumulated in the sun, and the temperature is getting higher and higher, and the energy released will only increase gradually, which will undoubtedly add fuel to the fire in the environment of Venus.

Such a poor Venus, even though its composition and mass are similar to those of the Earth, is frightening and can't be avoided.

Venus' period of revolution is 224.7 days, but its rotation period is longer than period of revolution's, with 243 days, which is really like a year (which is why it has a strong atmosphere). In addition, because Venus' rotation is reversed from east to west, the sun rises in the west and sets in the east when viewed from above. If it's the same on earth, it tastes different. Scientists speculate that it may have been hit by an asteroid billions of years ago.

Once livable Venus In 2006, NASA launched the Venus Express probe and found abundant deuterium in the atmosphere of Venus. Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen, indicating that the surface of Venus once contained liquid water equivalent to that of the Earth, with moderate atmospheric pressure, organic matter and mild climate ... People believe that life once appeared on Venus.

According to detection, 3 billion years ago, the temperature of the sun was rising day by day, and the surface of Venus was also rising rapidly. Water quickly evaporates into water vapor, which is a kind of greenhouse gas, which can lock in the ultraviolet radiation of the sun, and make Venus's atmosphere rapidly evolve into a runaway greenhouse effect, eventually becoming the hottest planet in the solar system. The once life world was also destroyed in this catastrophe of greenhouse effect.

Scientists thought of our earth from the fate of Venus. 1~ 2 billion years later, the temperature of the sun will be upgraded again. The fate of Venus will be the fate of the future earth, and Mars will be the fate of the present earth. Therefore, human immigrants just need, Mars is the best choice, and will never choose a purgatory-like Venus!

A: Venus is located at the inner edge of the livable zone of the solar system. Its diameter is slightly smaller than that of the earth, but its surface environment is extremely bad and it is not suitable for human habitation.

In the early days of the formation of the solar system, the environment of the earth and Venus was very similar, but early organisms such as cyanobacteria appeared on the earth, which improved the atmospheric environment of the earth and controlled the carbon content in the atmosphere to a certain level; On Venus, on the other hand, the carbon dioxide content is completely out of control. At present, the carbon dioxide content is as high as 96%, which has triggered the global greenhouse effect.

After the sun shines on the surface of Venus, the heat is stored in the atmosphere. At present, the average surface temperature of Venus is as high as 460℃, which is enough to melt metal lead. The pressure is as high as 90 atmospheres, and there is strong acid rain all over the sky. Several probes of the former Soviet Union landed on the surface of Venus, all of which were completely destroyed after running.

The most important chemical element for life is water. Under the surface conditions of Venus, water has become supercritical, and its chemical properties have become very active, so it is impossible to help life.

Venus is the closest planet to the earth and belongs to the inner planet, but the environment on the surface of Venus is not suitable for human habitation at all. Some scientists have also put forward the idea of using inflatable balloons to be placed in the atmosphere of Venus. Because Venus' atmosphere is very dense, balloons will be suspended at a certain height in Venus' atmosphere. In a balloon, we can put a detector, and even astronauts can do scientific research in it.

With the current level of human technology, it is still impossible to improve the atmospheric environment of a planet, but for an extraterrestrial planet like Mars, human beings have the ability to establish a Mars base, establish human settlements in a small area, and gradually realize interstellar migration. The United States also has such a Mars program in this century.

Venus, similar in mass to Earth, is a terrestrial planet. But unfortunately, Venus can't give birth to life.

Venus is the only planet in the solar system whose rotation direction is from east to west. If we watch the sunrise on Venus, we will find that the sun rises in the west and sets in the east. Venus has such a strange orbit because scientists speculate that Venus may be hit by an asteroid, causing its rotation to reverse. Venus also has an atmosphere above it, which is denser than the earth. Unfortunately, the atmosphere above Venus is full of acidic gases, such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. So the rain on Venus is not water, but acid water, that is, acid rain. And because it contains sulfur dioxide, it is extremely acidic and corrosive, and life will face a fatal threat on it.

If acid rain is one of the risk factors of Venus, then high temperature and high pressure are the other two risk factors of Venus. Because Venus's atmosphere is too dense, its atmospheric pressure is 100 times that of the earth. The dense atmosphere also prevents sunlight from escaping, so the temperature on Venus is as high as 400-500℃. It can be said that Venus is like a high-pressure reactor, and any carbon-based life will carbonize in life. Basically, Venus is hell, even worse than hell.

Therefore, whether Venus is in the livable zone of the sun, as far as Venus is concerned, it is not suitable for breeding life at all, nor can it breed life.

Judging from the appearance of Venus alone, it is really close to the earth. After all, Venus has always been called the sister star of the earth, but the environment on the surface of Venus is very different from that of the earth.

Venus is only a little smaller than the earth. Venus is one of the eight planets in the solar system, and the second planet in the order from near to far from the sun. It is a neighbor of the earth, and most of the time, it is also the closest planet to the earth (of course, sometimes Mars is closer to the earth). Because its mass is close to that of the earth, it is also called the "sister star" of the earth. After all, Venus is only 300 kilometers smaller than radius of the earth, its volume is 0.88 times that of the Earth, and its mass is 0.8 times that of the Earth.

As a planet, Venus is a terrestrial planet like the Earth, but obviously different from the Earth, Venus is a planet without a magnetic field and the only planet in the solar system without a magnetic field. Besides the moon, Venus is the brightest star in the night sky. It appears in the eastern sky in the morning and is called Qi Ming, and it appears in the western sky at night and is called Chang Gung. From the structural point of view, Venus is very similar to the earth, but when it comes to the environment, it is really a heaven and an underground.

Venus has a high surface temperature and no liquid water on its surface. Coupled with natural conditions such as high air pressure and severe hypoxia, the possibility of life on Venus is very small. As for the birth of life, it is also very difficult. Although Venus is located in the livable zone of planets of the solar system, it also has an atmosphere, but its atmospheric composition is mainly high in carbon dioxide, up to 97%, and carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, so it can be imagined that the surface temperature of Venus is very high.

In fact, the surface temperature of Venus is as high as 500 degrees Celsius, and the atmospheric pressure is 90 times that of the Earth. If a person instantly falls on Venus, atmospheric pressure is equivalent to the water pressure of instantly falling into the 900-meter-deep seabed, which can crush people almost instantly. That's nothing. The high temperature of 500 degrees Celsius will cook people. Venus's future fate can only get worse and worse, and it will not improve itself without external intervention. But for human beings, it is probably very difficult to transform the environment of a planet. After all, we can't even manage the environment of the earth well, so what's the point of moving to Venus?