Appreciation of the original text of "Ascending Xian Mountain with the Scholars"

Appreciation of the original text of "Climbing Xian Mountain with the Scholars" 1

Original text of "Climbing Xian Mountain with the Scholars"

Tang Dynasty: Meng Haoran

< p> Personnel has its own metabolism, and exchanges become ancient and modern. The mountains and rivers have left traces of their beauty, and we will come again in this generation.

The fish beam is shallow when the water falls, and the dream is deep when the weather is cold. The Yanggong Monument is still there, and I shed tears after reading it.

Translation and annotations

Translation

Everything in the world changes, and the coming and going of time forms the past and the present.

We can now climb and visit the scenic spots and historic sites preserved throughout the country.

Yuliangzhou is exposed on the river due to the falling water, and Yunmengze is misty and deep due to the cold weather.

The Yanghu Monument still stands majestically. After reading the inscription, my clothes were wet with tears.

Notes

Xianshan: A Xianshou Mountain, located south of today’s Xiangyang City, Hubei Province. Zhuzi: refers to several friends of the poet.

Metabolism: alternating changes.

Coming and going: the old goes, the new comes.

Re-entry: For Yang Hu once climbed to Xian Mountain. Climb: Climb a mountain to watch.

Yuliang: The name of the sandbar, located in the Mianshui River of Lumen Mountain in Xiangyang.

Mengze: Yunmengze, ancient Daze, is now Jianghan Plain.

Word: One is "Shang".

Yanggong Monument: Built by later generations to commemorate the famous Western Jin general Yang Hu 67. When Yang 67 and Hu 67 were guarding Xiangyang, they often went to Xian Mountain with their friends to drink wine and write poems. They felt sad that despite the country's history, their lives were still short-lived.

Brief analysis

This is an emotional piece that touches the scene. Xian Mountain is a famous scenic spot in Xiangyang. Meng Haoran paid tribute to the past and the present here, and expressed his gratitude for his life experience. He once again expressed the ancient theme of feeling sad about the times.

The first couplet "People change, and exchanges become ancient and modern" is an ordinary truth. From the change of dynasties to the rise and fall of a family, as well as people's birth, old age, illness and death, joys and sorrows, human affairs are always changing, and no one has not felt it. Human society is always developing and changing. The waves behind the Yangtze River stimulate the waves ahead, and a new generation replaces the old. This is an irreversible law of nature. Everything in the past is gone, and everything today will soon become the past. From ancient times to the present, year after year, day after day, cold and summer, spring and autumn, time will pass by ruthlessly. The two sentences in the first couplet were written out of thin air, seemingly without a title, but they reveal the poet's confusion and infinite melancholy, and are full of a deep sense of vicissitudes of life.

The chin couplet closely follows the first couplet. "The scenic spots left in the country" are inherited from the "ancient", and "I will come again" are inherited from the "present". "Significant sites" refer to the Yanggong Monument on the mountain and Yuliangzhou at the foot of the mountain. The author's sad mood comes from today's arrival. When you climb Xian Mountain, the first thing you see is the Yanghu Temple and the Monument of Tears. Yang Hu had considerable political achievements in guarding Xiangyang and won the hearts of the people. After his death, the people of Xiangyang missed him and erected a temple and a monument in Xian Mountain. "Everyone who looks at his monument sheds tears. Du Yu named it 'the monument of tears'." The poet. Looking at the monument, I was filled with emotion, thinking of the legacy of my predecessors and my own obscurity, which made me feel sad.

Neck couplets write about what you see while climbing. Looking from a distance when climbing the mountain, you can see the water is falling, the vegetation is withering, and it is a depressing scene. The author captured the unique scenery of the place at that time and extracted it, which can not only show that the time sequence is severe winter, but also heighten the sadness of the author's mood. "Shallow" refers to water. Due to the "water falling", more of Yuliang Island is exposed to the water, so it is called "shallow". When you see Yuliangzhou, you will naturally think of the hermit Gao Xian Pang Degong who was friends with Sima Hui and Zhuge Liang and refused Liu Biao's invitations several times. "Deep" refers to the farther distance, the endless, vast and far-reaching Yunmengze unfolds before our eyes. The weather is cold, the water is clear, and the air-conditioning is eerie, which makes the lake even more "deep". In ancient times, "Yunmeng" was collectively called "Yunze" in the south and north of the Yangtze River in Hubei Province. The south of the Yangtze River was called "Mengze" and the north of the Yangtze River was called "Yunze". Later, most of it was silted into land. Today, dozens of lakes such as Honghu Lake and Liangzi Lake are all Yunmeng Ruins. Mengze cannot be seen in Xianshan, but it is used to refer to general lakes and swamps. These two lines of poetry describe a depressed and desolate mood, used to set off the context. When the poet climbed up to Xian Mountain, he could not help but feel the withering of late autumn, which made him lament that "how much life is there" and "the past days have been so bitter". Another year has passed in the blink of an eye, and he has no talent but nowhere to display it.

The last couplet reinforces the word "Xianshan" in the title. "The Yanggong Monument is still there", the word "Shang" is very powerful and contains the poet's extremely complex emotions. Yang Hu guarded Xiangyang in the early Jin Dynasty, but Meng Haoran wrote this poem in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. There were more than four hundred years between them. The change of dynasties and the changes in personnel were very huge. However, the Yanggong Monument still stands on Xianshou Mountain, which is admirable. At the same time, it also contains the author's sad emotions. More than 400 years ago, Yang Hu served his country and did some good things for the people, so his reputation will be passed down through the ages. Thinking that he is still a "commoner", doing nothing, and will inevitably disappear into obscurity after his death, this monk "Shang" In the "Yang Gong Monument", the two are compared. Self-injury cannot be like the Yang Gong who loves the world and is as immortal as the country. Therefore, it is inevitable to "cry after reading it".

Looking at the whole poem, this is a sentimental work that touches the scene and makes people sad. This poem is sincere and profound in its plainness. The first two couplets of the poem have a certain philosophical quality, and the first four sentences of the poem summarize Yang Hu's words. "Personnel affairs", characters and their deeds, are subject to metabolism. One generation passed away, and another generation took over.

This became ancient and modern. The landscape is still a scenic spot today, but it is our generation’s turn to visit it. The last two couplets not only describe the scenery, are rich in images, but also are full of the author's passion, making it a poem of a poet rather than a poem of a philosopher. "Annihilation into obscurity" is a true portrayal of the poet's own experience. The scene evoked emotion, made him feel sad, and made him shed tears. Thinking that I have no ambition, I feel extremely sad and my clothes are wet with tears. The whole poem feels the shortness of life and expresses the sadness of unrecognized talents. At the same time, the language is easy to understand, the emotions are sincere and touching, and he is known for his simplicity and profoundness. Shen Deqian of the Qing Dynasty commented on Meng Haoran's poems: "I got it from quiet enlightenment. The words are light but the taste is not thin." This poem does have such interest. Appreciation of the original text of "Climbing Xian Mountain with the Scholars" 2

Climbing Xian Mountain with the Scholars

Meng Haoran

Personnel changes, and exchanges become ancient and modern.

The mountains and rivers have left traces of their beauty, and we will come here again.

The fish beam is shallow when the water falls, and the dream is deep when the weather is cold.

The Yanggong Monument is still there, and I shed tears after reading it!

Translation

Things in the world are subject to change, and the coming and going of time forms the past and the present.

We can now climb and visit the scenic spots and historic sites preserved throughout the country.

Yuliangzhou is exposed on the river due to the falling water, and Yunmengze is misty and deep due to the cold weather.

The Yanghu Monument still stands majestically. After reading the inscription, my clothes were wet with tears.

Word explanation

① Personnel: refers to things in the world.

②Metabolism: alternation.

③ Past: refers to the past.

④Lai: refers to later.

⑤Relics: the monuments left by our predecessors. This refers to the "Tears Monument" on Xian Mountain (in the south of today's Xiangyang, Hubei Province) commemorating Yang Hu of the Western Jin Dynasty. "Book of Jin·Yang Hu Biography" records: When Yang Hu was in Jingxiang, he often went to Xian Mountain to drink and compose poems. He once said to his fellow travelers: "Since the universe has existed, there has been this mountain. Since then, wise and wise men have climbed here to look into the distance." There are so many people like me and you! They are all lost to obscurity, which makes people sad!" After Yang Hu's death, the people of Xiangyang remembered his virtues and built monuments and temples in Xian Mountain, and held sacrifices every year. "Everyone who looked at his monument shed tears. , Du Yu was named the Monument of Tears. ”

Personnel changes, and exchanges become ancient and modern.

The mountains and rivers have left traces of their beauty, and we will come here again.

These four sentences mean that society is constantly changing, cold and summer come and go, and time passes, which constitutes the history from ancient times to the present; Yang Hu has also left beautiful traces to the country, and when we come here, I just feel that as time goes by, what can I leave behind for future generations? The poet feels sad when he sees things, pays tribute to the past and present, and expresses his grief and anger of being unmet. These four lines of poetry have a certain philosophical meaning. The language is popular, the feelings are sincere, and he is known for being plain and profound.

Poetry Appreciation

"Climbing Xian Mountain with the Scholars" is a landscape poem written by Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem was written because the author was depressed when he failed to get an official position. The poet climbed to Xian Mountain, paid homage to the Yanggong Monument, missed the past and regretted the present, and expressed his emotions. Thinking that he had no ambition, he felt extremely sad and wet his clothes with tears. The whole poem draws on ancient times to express feelings, integrating scene description, lyricism and reasoning. The feelings are sincere and deep, and the profoundness is seen in the plain.

The Yanggong Monument is located on Xianshou Mountain south of Xiangyang, Hubei Province today. According to the "Book of Jin·Yang Hu Biography", when Yang Hu was in Jingxiang town, he often went to this mountain to drink wine and chant. Once, he sighed to his fellow travelers: "Since the beginning of the universe, there has been this mountain. Since then, sages and sages have climbed up here to see from a distance like me and you. There are many of them, but they have all been destroyed and unknown, which makes people sad!" Yang Hu had political achievements during his lifetime. After his death, the people of Xiangyang built monuments and temples in Xian Mountain. "Every year, they have feasts and sacrifices. Everyone who looks at the monument sheds tears." The poet climbed to Xian Mountain and paid homage to the Yang Gong monument. He expressed his sadness in the situation. I sighed, thinking that I had no ambition, I felt extremely sad, and my clothes were wet with tears. This poem is sincere and profound in its plainness.

This is a poem that mourns the past and hurts the present. The so-called memorial to the ancients refers to the Yanggong Monument on Xianshou Mountain. According to the "Book of Jin·Yang Hu Biography", when Yang Hu was in Jingxiang town, he often went to this mountain to drink wine and chant. Once, he sighed to his fellow travelers: "Since the beginning of the universe, there has been this mountain. Since then, sages and sages have climbed up here to see from a distance like me and you. There are many of them, but they have all been annihilated and unknown, which makes people sad!" Hu had political achievements during his lifetime. After his death, the people of Xiangyang built monuments and temples in Xianshan Mountain. "Every year, they have feasts and sacrifices. Everyone who looks at the monument sheds tears." The author climbed to Xianshou Mountain and saw the Yanggong Monument. He naturally thought of it. Yang Hu. I can't help but sigh about my own life experience because I feel sorry for the past.

It is an ordinary truth that "people have their own metabolism, and the comings and goings become the past and the present." From the change of dynasties to the rise and fall of a family, as well as people's birth, old age, illness and death, joys and sorrows, human affairs are always changing. Who hasn't felt it? Cold comes and summer comes, spring passes and autumn comes, and time keeps passing by. Who doesn't feel this? The first couplet was written out of thin air, seemingly without a title, but it brought out the author's vast thoughts.

The second couplet closely follows the first couplet. "The scenic spots left in the country" are inherited from the "ancient", and "I will come again" are inherited from the "present". The author's sad mood comes from today's arrival.

The third couplet writes about what you saw while climbing. "Shallow" refers to the water. Due to the "water falling", more of Yuliangzhou is exposed to the water, so it is called "shallow"; "deep" refers to Meng Ze, the vast Yunmeng Ze, which stretches as far as the eye can see and makes people feel profound. Looking from a distance when climbing the mountain, you can see the water is falling, the vegetation is withering, and it is a depressing scene.

The author captured the unique scenery of the place at that time and extracted it, which can not only show that the time sequence is severe winter, but also heighten the sadness of the author's mood.

"The Yanggong Monument is still there", the word "Shang" is very powerful, and it contains complex content. Yang Hu was guarding Xiangyang in the early Jin Dynasty, but Meng Haoran wrote this poem in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. There were more than four hundred years between them. The change of dynasties and the changes in personnel were so huge! However, the Yanggong Monument still stands on Xianshou Mountain, which is admirable. At the same time, it also contains the author's sad emotions. More than 400 years ago, Yang Hu served the country (referring to the Jin Dynasty) and did some good things for the people, so his reputation will last forever and be passed down from generation to generation. Thinking that he is still a "commoner" and has done nothing, he will inevitably be lost after his death. It is said that the contrast between this and the "still existing" Yanggong Monument is sad, so it is inevitable that I will "cry after reading it".

The first two couplets of this poem have a certain philosophical quality, while the last two couplets not only describe the scene, are rich in images, but also are full of the author’s passion, which makes it a poem of a poet rather than a poem of a philosopher. . At the same time, the language is easy to understand, the emotions are sincere and touching, and he is known for being plain and profound. Shen Deqian of the Qing Dynasty commented on Meng Haoran's poems, "I got it from quiet enlightenment, so the words are light but the taste is not thin." This poem does have such interest. Appreciation of the original text of "Ascending Xian Mountain with the Scholars" 3

Original text:

People and affairs change over time, and exchanges make the past and the present.

The mountains and rivers have left traces of their beauty, and we will come here again.

The fish beam is shallow when the water falls, and the dream is deep when the weather is cold.

The Yanggong Monument is still there, and I shed tears after reading it.

Poetry appreciation:

This is a poem that pays tribute to the past and hurts the present. The so-called memorial to the ancients refers to the Yanggong Monument on Xianshou Mountain. According to "Jin Shu·Yang Hu Biography", when Yang Hu was in town in Jingxiang, he often went to this mountain to drink wine and chant. Once, he sighed to his fellow travelers: "Since the beginning of the universe, there has been this mountain. Since then, sages and sages have climbed up here to see from a distance like me and you. There are many of them, but they have all been annihilated and unknown, which makes people sad!" Hu had political achievements during his lifetime. After his death, the people of Xiangyang built monuments and temples in Xianshan Mountain. "Every year, they have feasts and sacrifices. Everyone who looks at the monument sheds tears." The author climbed to Xianshou Mountain and saw the Yanggong Monument. He naturally thought of it. Yang Hu. I can't help but sigh about my own life experience because I feel sorry for the past.

It is an ordinary truth that "people have their own metabolism, and the comings and goings become the past and the present." From the change of dynasties to the rise and fall of a family, as well as people's birth, old age, illness and death, joys and sorrows, human affairs are always changing, and no one has not felt it. Cold comes and summer comes, spring passes and autumn comes, time is passing by non-stop, and no one has not felt this. The two sentences in the first couplet were written out of thin air, seemingly without a title, but they elicited the author's vast thoughts and were filled with a deep sense of vicissitudes of life.

The two chin couplets closely follow the first couplet. "The scenic spots left in the country" are inherited from the "ancient", and "I will come again" are inherited from the "present". The author's sad mood comes from today's arrival. The "scenic spots" mentioned here refer to the Yanggong Monument on the mountain and Yuliangzhou at the foot of the mountain.

The two sentences on the neck couplet describe what you see while climbing. "Shallow" refers to the water. Because of the "water drop", more of Yuliang Island is exposed to the water, so it is called "shallow"; "deep" refers to Meng Ze, the vast Yunmeng Ze, which stretches as far as the eye can see and makes people feel profound. Looking from a distance when climbing the mountain, you can see the water is falling, the vegetation is withering, and it is a depressing scene. The author captured the unique scenery of the place at that time and extracted it, which can not only show that the time sequence is severe winter, but also heighten the sadness of the author's mood.

The two sentences at the end of the couplet solidify "Xianshan". "The Yanggong Monument is still there", the word "Shang" is very powerful, and it contains complex content. Yang Hu guarded Xiangyang in the early Jin Dynasty, but Meng Haoran wrote this poem in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. There were more than four hundred years between them. The change of dynasties and the changes in personnel were very huge. However, the Yanggong Monument still stands on Xianshou Mountain, which is admirable. At the same time, it also contains the author's sad emotions. More than 400 years ago, Yang Hu served the country (referring to the Jin Dynasty) and did some good things for the people. Therefore, his name will be passed down through the ages. However, thinking that he is still a "commoner" and has done nothing, he will inevitably disappear into obscurity after his death. , the contrast between this and the "still existing" Yanggong Monument is sad, so it is inevitable that I will "cry after reading it".

The first two couplets of this poem have a certain philosophical nature, while the last two couplets not only describe the scenery, are rich in images, but also are full of the author’s passion, which makes it a poem of a poet rather than a poem of a philosopher. . At the same time, the language is easy to understand, the emotions are sincere and touching, and he is known for being plain and profound. Shen Deqian of the Qing Dynasty commented on Meng Haoran's poems: "I got it from quiet enlightenment. The words are light but the taste is not thin." This poem does have such interest. Appreciation of the original text of "Climbing Xian Mountain with the Scholars" 4

The poem is like a fish beam in the water, but a dream in the cold weather.

Origin from "Climbing Xian Mountain with the Scholars" by Meng Haoran of the Tang Dynasty

It means that when the water comes out, the Yuliang Island is clear and shallow; when the weather is cold and the trees fall, the Yunmeng Ze is vast and boundless.

Complete poem

"Ascending Xian Mountain with the Scholars"

.[Tang Dynasty].Meng Haoran.

People have their own metabolism and come and go. Into the past and present.

The mountains and rivers have left traces of their beauty, and we will come here again.

The fish beam is shallow when the water falls, and the dream is deep when the weather is cold.

The Yanggong Monument is still there, and I shed tears after reading it.

Appreciation of the whole poem

Xianshan Mountain, also known as Xianshou Mountain, is located in the south of Xiangyang County, Hubei Province.

"Book of Jin·Yang Hu Biography" records that when Yang Hu was in Jingxiang, he often climbed this mountain. He once lamented to his fellow travelers: Since the universe has existed, this mountain has existed. Since then, sages and wise men have climbed here and looked far away like me and There are many people of this generation, and they are all annihilated and unknown, which makes people sad!" Meng Haoran wrote this poem, which actually replayed Yang Hu's theme of lamenting that the country is still the same and life is short.

The first four parts of the poem This sentence alludes to the story of Yang Hu back then, and it does not stick to the story itself, but uses it to create new ideas. , should refer to the "Tear of Tears" on Xian Mountain and so on. It is said that after Yang Hu's death, the elders of Xiangyang erected a monument in the temple in Xian Mountain. "Everyone who looks at the monument will shed tears". His successor Du Yu named him " "Monument of Tears". When the poet climbed to Xian Mountain, he was not immune to its influence, but his feelings were different from those of Yang Hu. They were not that simple and contained some new factors. The next two sentences were "The water is shallow and the weather is cold." The dream is deep. "Yuliang, the name of the continent, is in the upper reaches of the Han River. Mengze, that is, the ancient Yun and Meng Ze, are located in the north and south of the Yangtze River in Hubei Province. Jiangnan is Meng and Jiangbei is Yun. In later generations, most of them were silted up into land, so they were both called Yunmeng Ze. These two sentences should describe the extremely spectacular scenery of Jingchu when you climb Xian Mountain. However, Yin Fan said that Haoran's poem "remembers the original reality regardless of the appearance" ("Heyue Yingling Collection"). Xingxiang is nothing more than the author expressing his feelings through the scene, and the story actually becomes a deeper meaning. Therefore, it can be said that these two sentences are not only the description of the scene, but also permeated with the author's ideological understanding. "Note" records: "There is Yuliangzhou in Mianshui River, where Pang Degong lives. "Pang Degong was a scholar of the Eastern Han Dynasty. "Book of the Later Han·Yi Min Biography" says: "Pang Gong was a native of Xiangyang, Nanjun. ... Liu Biao, the governor of Jingzhou, invited him several times, but he could not give in. ... Later, he took his wife to Lumen Mountain, but he could not return because he was collecting medicine. Meng Haoran refers specifically to Yuliang here, which may also involve his admiration for Taoist scholars. The last two sentences are "The Yanggong Monument is still there, and I shed tears after reading it." "Yang Hugui was the commander-in-chief of the Jin Dynasty, and was ordered to plan the plan to pacify Wu. Although he had sighs about the universe and life, he had nothing to do with the hermit after all. But Meng Haoran was different. He climbed to Xian Mountain , while lamenting the past and present of the world, his own emotions are also caught in a complex entanglement - he admires the hermits in ancient times, but he is not a complete hermit, so the author's personal sadness is injected into it Emotion.

Yan Yu of the Song Dynasty said that Meng Haoran's poems are "just wonderful insights" ("Canglang Poetry·Poetry Analysis"). Meng Haoran can get direct feelings from natural life, and his emotions are reflected in the outside. , written as a sound poem, it is often ethereal, with a vague and non-existent meaning, but it also contains profound and inexhaustible meanings. What you said is exactly right.

("My generation" sentence) The word "My generation" is so conceited, but it is especially wonderful when it is said on the top.

("Shui Luo") (2 sentences) After climbing the mountain, looking down from above, I saw the water falling in the river and the fishing beams were shallow, and I briefly said that they were exposed; from near and far, I saw that the sky was cold, and the cold made the water dry up, but I felt that the dream lake was deep, deep and deep. It is said that he is in the dark.

(Two sentences of "Yang Gong") Haoran said that Yang Gong loved to climb this mountain, and the people behind him built monuments. I hope that my visit here will be forgotten in the future, and so will the future generations. Does anyone know that our generation has arrived? Reading the inscription, I can’t help but shed tears. (Volume 13 of Xu Zeng’s "Shuo Tang Poems") Appreciation of the original text of "Ascending Xian Mountain with the Masters" 5

People have their own changes. , travels between ancient times and the present.

The mountains and rivers have left traces of beauty, and we are here again.

The river is shallow, and the dream is deep in the cold weather.

The Yanggong Monument is still there. In, I shed tears after reading it (Shang Yi’s work: Zi Zai)

Translation and annotations

Translation

People and things in the world change. As time goes by, the history from ancient times to the present has been formed.

We can now climb up and visit the scenic spots and historic sites in person.

The water is clear and the water is clear. ; The weather is cold and the trees are falling, and the Yunmengze is boundless.

The monument to Yang Hu of Jin Dynasty still stands majestically. After reading the inscription, my clothes were wet with tears.

Comments

Xianshan: a name for Xianshou Mountain, south of present-day Xiangyang City in Hubei Province. Zhuzi: refers to several friends of the poet.

Metabolism: alternating changes. : The old goes, the new comes.

Return to Mount Xian.

Yuliang: The name of the sandbar, in Xiangyang Deer. Mianshui in Menshan.

Mengze: Yunmengze, now Jianghan Plain.

The word: "Shang". Public Monument: Built by later generations in memory of the famous general Yang Hu? When Yang Hu? was guarding Xiangyang, he often went to Xianshan to drink and write poems.

Appreciation

This is a sentimental work that touches the scene and makes people sad. Xian Mountain is a famous scenic spot in Xiangyang. Meng Haoran paid tribute to the past and the present here, and expressed his gratitude for his life experience, once again expressing the ancient theme of feeling sad about the times.

The first couplet "People change, and exchanges become ancient and modern" is an ordinary truth.

From the change of dynasties to the rise and fall of a family, as well as people's birth, old age, illness and death, joys and sorrows, human affairs are always changing, and no one has not felt it. Human society is always developing and changing. The waves behind the Yangtze River stimulate the waves ahead, and a new generation replaces the old. This is an irreversible law of nature. Everything in the past is gone, and everything today will soon become the past. From ancient times to the present, year after year, day after day, cold comes and summer comes, spring goes and autumn comes, time is passing ruthlessly forever. The two sentences in the first couplet were written out of thin air, seemingly without a title, but they reveal the poet's confusion and infinite melancholy, and are full of a deep sense of vicissitudes of life.

The chin couplet closely follows the first couplet. "The scenic spots left in the country" are inherited from the "ancient", and "I will come again" are inherited from the "present". "Significant sites" refer to the Yanggong Monument on the mountain and Yuliangzhou at the foot of the mountain. The author's sad mood comes from today's arrival. When you climb Xian Mountain, the first thing you see is the Yanghu Temple and the Monument of Tears. Yang Hu had considerable political achievements in guarding Xiangyang and won the hearts of the people. After his death, the people of Xiangyang missed him and erected a temple and a monument in Xian Mountain. "Everyone who looks at his monument sheds tears. Du Yu named it 'the monument of tears'." The poet. Looking at the monument, I was filled with emotion, thinking of the legacy of my predecessors and my own obscurity, which made me feel sad.

Neck couplets write about what you see while climbing. Looking from a distance when climbing the mountain, you can see the water is falling, the vegetation is withering, and it is a depressing scene. The author captured the unique scenery of the place at that time and extracted it, which can not only show that the time sequence is severe winter, but also heighten the sadness of the author's mood. "Shallow" refers to water. Due to the "water falling", more of Yuliang Island is exposed to the water, so it is called "shallow". When you see Yuliangzhou, you will naturally think of the hermit Gao Xian Pang Degong who was friends with Sima Hui and Zhuge Liang and refused Liu Biao's invitations several times. "Deep" refers to the farther distance, the endless, vast and far-reaching Yunmengze unfolds before our eyes. The weather is cold, the water is clear, and the air-conditioning is eerie, which makes the lake even more "deep". In ancient times, "Yunmeng" was collectively called "Yunze" in the south and north of the Yangtze River in Hubei Province. The south of the Yangtze River was called "Mengze" and the north of the Yangtze River was called "Yunze". Later, most of it was silted into land. Today, dozens of lakes such as Honghu Lake and Liangzi Lake are all Yunmeng Ruins. Mengze cannot be seen in Xianshan, but it is used to refer to general lakes and swamps. These two lines of poetry describe a depressed and desolate mood, used to set off the context. When the poet climbed up to Xian Mountain, he could not help but feel the withering of late autumn, which made him lament that "how much life is there" and "the past days have been so bitter". Another year has passed in the blink of an eye, and he has no talent but nowhere to display it.

In the last couplet, "The Yanggong Monument is still there", the word "Shang" is very powerful, and it contains complex content. Yang Hu was guarding Xiangyang in the early Jin Dynasty, but Meng Haoran wrote this poem in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. There were more than four hundred years between them. The change of dynasties and the changes in personnel were so huge! However, the Yanggong Monument still stands on Xianshou Mountain, which is admirable. At the same time, it also contains the author's sad emotions. More than 400 years ago, Yang Hu served the country (referring to the Jin Dynasty) and did some good things for the people. Therefore, his name will be passed down through the ages and be passed down from generation to generation. Thinking that he is still a "commoner" and has done nothing, he will inevitably be lost after his death. It is said that the contrast between this and the "still existing" Yanggong Monument is sad, so it is inevitable that I will "cry after reading it".

This poem was written because the author was depressed when he was seeking an official position but failed. The poet climbed to Xian Mountain, paid homage to the Yanggong Monument, missed the past and regretted the present, and expressed his emotions. Thinking that he had no ambitions, he felt extremely sad and wet with tears. Placket. The whole poem draws on ancient times to express feelings, integrating scene description, lyricism and reasoning. The feelings are sincere and deep, and the profoundness is seen in the plain.

The first two couplets of the poem have a certain philosophical nature, and the first four sentences of the poem summarize Yang Hu's words. "Personnel affairs", characters and their deeds, are subject to metabolism. One generation passed away, and another generation took over. This became ancient and modern. The landscape is still a scenic spot today, but it is our generation’s turn to visit it. The last two couplets not only describe the scenery, are rich in images, but also are full of the author's passion, making it a poem of a poet rather than a poem of a philosopher. "Annihilation into obscurity" is a true portrayal of the poet's own experience. The scene evoked emotion, made him feel sad, and made him shed tears. Thinking that I have no ambition, I feel extremely sad and my clothes are wet with tears. The whole poem feels the shortness of life and expresses the sadness of not realizing one's talents. At the same time, the language is easy to understand, the emotions are sincere and moving, and the story is known for its simplicity and profoundness. Shen Deqian of the Qing Dynasty commented on Meng Haoran's poems: "I got it from quiet enlightenment. The words are light but the taste is not thin." This poem does have such interest.

Creation background

This poem was written while the poet was studying in seclusion in his hometown and writing poems for his own entertainment. The specific time is unknown. The poet and a few friends went up to Xian Mountain for fun. They paid homage to the Yanggong Monument and remembered what Yang Hu said: "Since the universe has existed, there has been this mountain. Since then, sages and victors have climbed up here and looked into the distance, just like me and you, everything is annihilated." The words "hearing makes people sad" are consistent with the poet's situation. Therefore, I wrote this poem to express my feelings through ancient times. Appreciation of the original text of "Ascending Xian Mountain with the Scholars" 6

The Yanggong stele of the poem is still there, and I shed tears after reading it.

Source: Tang Dynasty Meng Haoran's "Climbing Xian Mountain with the Scholars"

Meaning: The monument to Yang Hu of Jin Dynasty is still there, and it makes people cry after reading it.

Comments

Monument of Yang Hu. Yang Hu, the governor of Jingzhou, was in charge of the military affairs of Jingzhou. He controlled Xiangyang for ten years and governed with virtue. After his death, the people of Xiangyang erected a monument on Xian Mountain. Everyone who sees his monument sheds tears. The "Qiyin Temple Stele Inscription" written by Liu Xiaochuo of Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty says: "When Zhao Tang is thinking about it, the Sheep Stele is still weeping." It is also called the "Yanggong Stele". It refers to the political ethics of officials.

Complete poem

"Ascending Xian Mountain with the Scholars"

.[Tang Dynasty].Meng Haoran.

People have their own metabolism and come and go. Into the past and present.

The mountains and rivers have left traces of their beauty, and we will come here again.

The fish beam is shallow when the water falls, and the dream is deep when the weather is cold.

The Yanggong Monument is still there, and I shed tears after reading it.

Appreciation of the whole poem

This is a poem that pays tribute to the past and hurts the present. This poem uses mountain climbing to overlook the distance, mourning the past and regretting the present, and expresses the sadness of being unlucky and having nothing to do. In the Jin Dynasty, Yang You guarded Jingxiang and had outstanding political achievements. The people built temples and monuments and offered sacrifices every year. Meng Haoran and his disciples climbed up to Xian Mountain and saw the Yanggong Monument, which has been fragrant to this day. Can his heart not be shaken? The first couplet states that people are born, old, sick and die, families have joys and sorrows, and people are constantly changing; spring goes and autumn comes, time passes, Dynasties are also constantly changing. This couplet summarizes the changing laws of nature, life, society and all things, and has a strong philosophical sense. The second couplet closely follows the two words "ancient" and "present" in the first couplet. The scenic spots in the country are there, and when we come here, we have so many thoughts on our minds, how can we not feel sad! The neck couplet captures the characteristics of the season and describes the scene of looking into the cold winter from a distance: the whereabouts of winter water, The fish beams are high in dew, and the streams are clearer and shallower; the cold weather is desolate, the clouds are dreamy, and the swamps are deeper and deeper. This environment is cold and spacious, and the winter scenery sets off the mood, which makes the mood even more desolate. The last couplet is inspired by the scenery and expresses emotion: more than four hundred years have passed, why is the poet so sad after reading the inscription? The poet thinks of the changes in personnel, how can Yang Gong be with the mountains and rivers without admiration? Think about himself again, A commoner has accomplished nothing and disappeared after death. How can he not feel sad? This poem "looks down at the past and present and expresses the desolation" (Yu Biyun's "A Brief Introduction to Poetry"); it writes about the empty scene, quietly comprehends philosophy, and expresses true feelings. It is quite interesting. It's a masterpiece.