Main functions of Xiaolangdi project, the largest water control project in the lower reaches of the Yellow River

Xiaolangdi water control project is the only control project that can realize large storage capacity below Sanmenxia, the main stream of the Yellow River. It is called one of the most challenging projects in the world by Chinese and foreign water conservancy experts. The maximum operating water level of the reservoir is 275 meters, the designed total storage capacity is12.65 billion cubic meters, the reservoir area is 272.3 square kilometers, and the control basin area is 694,200 square kilometers. The total installed capacity is 6.5438+0.8 million kilowatts, and the average annual power generation is 56.5438+0 billion kilowatt hours. The annual water supply can be increased by 4 billion cubic meters.

1991April, the Fourth Session of the Seventh National People's Congress approved the construction of Xiaolangdi Project during the Eighth Five-Year Plan period. The preliminary construction of the project started in September of 199 1 year, the main project started in September of 1994, and was intercepted in June of 1997. In June of 2000, the first unit was connected to the grid for power generation, and the main project was fully completed in 2006 1 year, which lasted 650 years. * * * Completed 94.78 million cubic meters of earthwork, 3.48 million cubic meters of concrete, 30,000 tons of steel structure, and resettled 200,000 people. It has achieved good results in advance of construction period, investment saving and excellent quality, and has been praised by the World Bank as a model of cooperation projects between the World Bank and developing countries, and has won wide praise at home and abroad. On April 7, 2009, Xiaolangdi Project successfully passed the completion acceptance. Since the Xiaolangdi project was put into operation, it has brought great social, economic and ecological benefits, and made great contributions to ensuring the safety of people's lives and property in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, promoting economic and social development and protecting the ecological environment.

Its significance is as follows:

The flood control standard of the Yellow River has been greatly improved. The joint operation of Xiaolangdi Water Control Project, Sanmenxia Reservoir, Luhun Reservoir and Guxian Reservoir can raise the flood control standard of the lower Yellow River from the current once-in-a-century period to once-in-a-thousand years, without using Beijin Dike to divide the flood storage area, thus avoiding the huge inundation loss of 6,543.8+0.67 million hectares of cultivated land, 6,543.8+0.4 million people and Zhongyuan Oilfield in the flood storage and detention area. It can also reduce the peak of other floods and greatly alleviate the flood control pressure below Huayuankou.

Can effectively slow down the downstream riverbed siltation. Xiaolangdi water control project is a connecting link between the preceding and the following, which can retain 7.8 billion tons of upstream sediment. Especially since the operation of water and sediment regulation in 2002, the main channel in the lower reaches of the Yellow River has been thoroughly scoured, and the flow capacity of the main channel has increased from less than 1.800 cubic meters per second in 2002 to the current 4,000 cubic meters per second, effectively slowing down the siltation of the downstream riverbed.

And the effective water supply is improved. Since the project was put into operation, the phenomenon of water cut-off in the lower reaches of the Yellow River has been basically ensured under the scientific dispatch of river basin institutions. From the impoundment of/kloc-0 in June 1999 to the end of 2008, a total of187.3 billion cubic meters of water was supplied to the downstream, and water was supplied to Qingdao, Tianjin and Baiyangdian for many times, effectively improving the downstream water supply conditions and ecological environment.

It has promoted new tourism. After the dam impounded, the Yellow River Gorge in Shanxi and Henan realized "high gorge flowing out of Pinghu", and more than 20 scenic spots such as dam area, Boya, Hong Yashan and Huang Lu were developed and built, forming a natural landscape dotted with lakes, mountains, waterfalls and thousands of islands. At present, it has become an important emerging tourist destination in Henan.