A second home is close at hand? The probe returns data, and the water content of Mars may be quite amazing.

For many years, scientists have been looking for some planets suitable for human habitation. Unfortunately, although scientists have discovered more than 4,000 exoplanets, many known exoplanets are not suitable for human habitation. In 2020, scientists selected 24 "super livable" planets from these known exoplanets, and thought that living on these "super livable" planets might be more comfortable than the earth. However, these "super livable" planets are still far away from our earth, exceeding 100 light years. It's so far away that humans can't reach it in a short time, so it seems a bit "impossible" to immigrate to these "super livable" planets now.

Although humans can't reach distant exoplanets, it doesn't mean that humans can only stay on the earth. Because there is actually a potential livable planet in our solar system, that is Mars, which is more than 55 million kilometers away from the Earth and 400 million kilometers away from the Earth. Although there are still many difficulties for human beings to explore Mars, compared with those distant exoplanets, Mars can be said to be close at hand, and it is much less difficult to explore and immigrate to Mars.

In everyone's impression, Mars is an extremely desolate and arid planet. From the photos sent back by many detectors before, we can see the scene of Mars, which is very similar to the desert area of the earth. Although Mars looks very dry, scientists have found that there is still water on Mars, and its water content may even be amazing.

NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has been mapping the geology and climate of Mars since 2006, and scientists hope to find the distribution of water-bearing substances on the surface of Mars. According to the scientific report published in Science magazine, the water of Mars did not "escape" into space in ancient times, but may be buried under the surface of Mars.

Previous studies have shown that Mars was once very similar to Earth, and liquid water once existed. For example, Jezero Crater, the landing area of Mars probe Perseverance, used to be a lake. However, the environment of Mars has undergone earth-shaking changes, and Mars has changed from a wet "water world" to such a desolate scene. For many years, scientists have been studying the process of water disappearing on Mars. Most of the water on Mars was lost about 3.7 billion to 4,654.38 billion years ago. It would be good news if the water of Mars is really buried under the ground of Mars.

Because we explore Mars not only to study the evolution of Mars, but also to study the livability of Mars. For life on earth, the importance of water is self-evident. Without water, life on earth might not exist. Therefore, one of the problems that we must solve when we immigrate to Mars in the future is water. If there is a lot of water under Mars, we can not only meet the domestic water demand of astronauts, but also get oxygen and hydrogen by decomposing water, which can deliver fuel for spacecraft.

Of course, it is not easy to develop groundwater such as Mars. Because scientists believe that the water of Mars, except a part that escaped into outer space, is equivalent to about half of the water in the Atlantic Ocean interacting with minerals in the crust of Mars and melting together. These hydrated minerals will lock water after absorbing water, and these hydrates can keep water below 2 12 degrees Fahrenheit (that is, 100 degrees Fahrenheit).

Now more and more countries are involved in the exploration of Mars. In February this year, in addition to NASA's "Perseverance" Mars rover, the United Arab Emirates' "Hope" Mars probe and China's "Tian Wen No.1" Mars probe have also arrived on Mars, among which our "Tian Wen No.1" probe will land on Mars at an appropriate time, send the rover to the surface of Mars, and complete the three steps of orbiting Mars, landing and patrolling at one time. Why do so many countries choose to explore Mars?

As mentioned above, there is still water on Mars, and the water content may be beyond imagination, so scientists think that Mars may become our "second home" in the solar system. The UAE plans to build a Mars city in 2 1 17 years. Mr. Musk of Space Exploration Technology Company even hopes to send 1 10,000 people to Mars in 2050 and build a Mars city on Mars.

Some friends may think that it is unrealistic to build a Mars city on Mars, and it is easier to transform the desert area of the earth. It is undeniable that it is easier to transform the desert region of the earth than to transform Mars, but the significance of transforming Mars is incomparable to that of transforming the desert region of the earth.

Quite simply, after human beings transformed the desert area of the earth, they never left the earth again. If the earth faces some devastating threats, such as war, asteroid collision and super volcanic eruption, people living on the earth may face threats. But if humans can immigrate to Mars, the risk of human destruction will be reduced.