American revolutionaries active in northern China in the early 20th century.

After Meiji Restoration, other representatives of Japanese Hakka groups formed Japanese Hakka groups after Meiji Restoration. In addition to what Sun Yat-sen has already discussed, other representatives mainly include: Liao, Huang Zunxian, Hu, Deng Zhongyuan, He, Guo Moruo,. Liao, formerly known as Sixi, also known as Sixi. Hakka in Guishan County (now Huiyang County), Guangdong Province. Born in an overseas Chinese family in San Francisco, California, USA. In the 20th year of Guangxu (1894), the Sino-Japanese War broke out, the Qing government was corrupt and incompetent, and China was defeated. After that, the Reform Movement centered on learning the western methods of saving the country was widely launched in China, and he was deeply influenced by the Reform Thought. 1897 10 At the end of the year, Liao and He Xiangning got married in Guangzhou. 1902, with the support of He Xiangning's dowry, he went to Japan to study, and studied politics and economy at Waseda University and Central University successively. During my study in Tokyo, I met revolutionary youths such as Li, Su, and so on (mostly Hakkas). Under their influence, I came up with the idea of anti-Qing revolution. 1903 In September, I met Sun Yat-sen in Tokyo. Since then, he actively participated in the democratic revolutionary movement led by Sun Yat-sen and engaged in the struggle to overthrow the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty. Huang Zunxian was born in Jiaying, Guangdong (now Meizhou). A patriotic poet in the late Qing Dynasty, an outstanding diplomat, politician and educator, was also an excellent thinker and reformer. 1848 was born in Jiaying county (now the lower corner of eastern Meicheng) and died in 1905. 1877 10 (the third year of Guangxu) Huang Zunxian was invited as a counselor and went to Japan with him. He carefully studied the history and present situation of Japan and began to draft a book "History of Japan". Then I wrote Japanese miscellaneous poems or something. Huang Zunxian traveled to Japan and other countries and personally felt the wave of western culture. He stood at the height of the Chinese nation's continuous self-improvement, rationally grasped the general trend of the world and China's national conditions, and actively advocated reform and political reform. After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, he remained firm and firmly believed in the innovative way of "the surging river is getting eastward and all laws are reunified". Its foresight is awe-inspiring. Hu (1879— 1936) is a native of Ji 'an, Jiangxi, and a native of Panyu, Guangdong. Formerly known as Hu Yan, Word Exhibition Hall. 1899 took the exam and went to Japan to study twice. 1905 Join the League in autumn. 19 1 1 After the Wuchang Uprising, he was promoted to commander-in-chief of the Guangdong military government. After the founding of the Republic of China, he successively served as the General Staff and Secretary-General of the Presidential Palace, the Minister of Political Department, the Governor of Guangdong Province and the General Staff of the Base Camp, the Acting Chairman of the Nanjing National Government, and the Executive Chairman of the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee. Deng Zhongyuan (1886— 1922), also known as Deng Keng, was born in Meixian County, Guangdong Province. He joined the League in his early years, actively participated in the formation of China Revolutionary Party and Army by Sun Yat-sen, and served as the chief of staff of the First Dongjiang Army of the Rebel Army, the new division commander of the Revolutionary Army, and the chief of staff of the Guangdong Army Headquarters. He is Sun Yat-sen's right-hand military general. 1905, Deng Zhongyuan was admitted to Jiangyan School in Guangzhou run by Qingxin Military Office, and secretly participated in the Allied League led by Sun Yat-sen. He participated in the Guangzhou New Army Uprising in the spring of19 and the Huanghuagang Uprising in March of19. Deng Zhongyuan followed Dr. Sun Yat-sen all his life and obeyed his revolutionary thought. With his prestige and position in the Guangdong army, he carried out Dr. Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary thought and achieved outstanding results. 1922 March 2 1, assassinated by gangsters. Sun Yat-sen posthumously awarded Deng Zhongyuan as an army general and was buried next to the tomb of 72 martyrs in Huanghuagang, and wrote an epitaph for him personally. He (1838— 189 1) was born in dapu county, Guangdong. 3 1 year-old Jinshi, was appointed as editor and lecturer of the academician courtyard. 1876 12 He was appointed as the first ambassador to China and became the first ambassador to establish diplomatic relations with official credentials in. He has a tough attitude towards the external expansion of Japanese militarism, but he is extremely friendly to the Japanese people and has extensive contacts with people from all walks of life in Japan. As the first envoy of the Qing court to Japan, he safeguarded national dignity and fulfilled his mission on the sulfur ball issue. His books such as A Brief History of the East should also occupy a place in the history of Sino-Japanese relations. Guo Moruo, formerly known as Guo Kaizhen, was born in Shawan, Leshan, Sichuan, and went to school since childhood. 1965438+went to study in Japan in the spring of 2004. When the May 4th Movement broke out, he initiated the organization of the Summer Society of the National Salvation Corps in Fukuoka, Japan, devoted himself to the New Culture Movement, and wrote poems such as "Phoenix Nirvana". /kloc-graduated from Imperial University of Japan in 0/923, and continued to edit Creation Weekly and Creation Day after returning to China. 1928 Exiled in Japan. 1930 joined the Chinese Left-wing Writers' League and participated in the activities of the Tokyo branch of the "Left-wing League". Chen Rui (1884— 1977), a native of Ganzhou. 190 1 year, Chen Rui traveled to Japan and was admitted to Chengcheng, Zhenwu Army Middle School and Japanese NCO School. 19 10 returned to China after graduating from the NCO school, joined the League, and followed Dr. Sun Yat-sen in the Revolution of 1911. He has served as a counselor in the Presidential Palace, a brigade commander and division commander of Yuan Jun National Brigade, a major general of Guangzhou Grand Presidential Palace, a member and reception director of Sun Yat-sen's Feng 'an Committee, and a lieutenant general of the Kuomintang Military Commission. At the beginning of the turbulent 20th century, the Hakkas living in Japan gave full play to the pioneering spirit of Hakkas' independence and history, and learned advanced western civilization and bourgeois revolutionary thoughts in Japan. It is worth noting that they also learned from the Japanese "method of learning from others", and produced a man of the hour who influenced China's revolutionary process and future destiny. This makes many Japanese scholars marvel that "Hakkas are an excellent nation, which can be asserted" and "especially after the Republic of China, it is even more commendable". "Hakkas are not Sapai and Changfa in the early Meiji period in Japan, but have a strong territory, but their innate and acquired indomitable spirit of independence and self-improvement. After years of oppression and repressed feelings, it was consciously induced to become a powerful nation ... "○ References: 1, Zhou Jianhua's" Humanities Ganzhou ",published by Jiangxi People's Publishing House in 2004. 2. (Japan) The reaction of Huang Zijian of Dipu Hall to Japan and the West during Meiji period. 3. Fei Zhengqing's Cambridge and the History of China in the Late Qing Dynasty (Volume II), edited by Liu (America). 4. (Japan) The history of Japanese studying in China is written by Keisuke Shimoto. 5. (Japanese) Keisuke Morito "The Influence of Japanese Culture on China". 6. Japanese and Sun Yat-sen. Yu Xin's Research on the Relationship between Sun Yat-sen and Japan, published by People's Publishing House 1996. 8. Information Department of Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1932 Hakka Research Report. Hakkas in China and Japanese Revolution in the Early 20th Century.