Population languages ??of Mecca

Mecca has a high population density. Most of Mecca's permanent residents live in the Old City, many of whom work in what is known locally as the "hajj industry." Iyad Madani, Saudi Minister of Hajj, said: “We never stop preparing for Hajj.” [34] Every year, pilgrims flock to Mecca for Umrah. During the last weeks of the month of Durban, an average of four million Muslims arrive in Mecca for the Hajj.

Pilgrims come from different ethnic groups and backgrounds, mainly from Africa, Central Africa, Southeast Asia, Europe and the Middle East. Many of them simply stayed in Mecca and settled down. Therefore, the ethnic groups in Mecca are more diverse and the culture is more inclusive than other Saudi cities. In addition, oil profits over the past fifty years have brought hundreds of thousands of immigrant workers.

Mecca has a unique regional dialect called Hijaz or Meccan dialect. The Meccan dialect is often considered one of the most orthodox dialects of Arabic.

The pronunciation of Hijaz dialect differs from that of Bayan dialect in some aspects. The Classical Arabic letter qaaf (?) is pronounced /g/, the sound in "get". Hijaz Arabic also has a conservative pronunciation of the letter ?im (?), which is similar to the voiced palatal plosive /?/ and palatalized stop /g?/ of the Classical Arabic period. These two sounds are considered by experts to be the orthodox pronunciations in classical Arabic. This means that many dialects in the Hijaz region pronounce ?im as /g/ or /?/. Some people pronounce the interdental /θ/ as /t/ or /s/.

The Hijaz dialect also incorporates elements from other Arabic dialects, including Levantine Arabic and Egyptian Arabic.